It's not that SIMPL-Identifying deficiencies in general surgery trainees' autonomy and competence performing parathyroidectomy and thyroidectomy.

Background: Although many parathyroid and thyroid operations are performed by nonfellowship-trained general surgeons in the United States, there is growing uncertainty of whether graduating residents can perform these procedures competently. This study investigates trends in competency and autonomy among general surgery residents performing parathyroid and thyroid operations using a national survey-based dataset.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Society for Improving Medical Professional Learning database was performed.

Cancer-related Fear and Worry in Patients with Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Context: Little is known about how patients' emotions impact the choice between hemi- and total thyroidectomy (TT) for low-risk thyroid cancer (LR-TC) and how these emotions change after treatment.

Objective: To investigate thyroid cancer-specific fear and worry both before and after treatment of LR-TC with hemi- or TT.

Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled adults with confirmed or likely LR-TC at 15 institutions.

Thyroid Cancer-Related Fear & Anxiety in Patients With Benign Thyroid Nodules: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Introduction: Thyroid cancer diagnosis often evokes strong negative emotions in patients, yet little is understood about such responses in those with benign thyroid nodules. This study explored the impact of a hypothetical cancer diagnosis, the provision of treatment information, and emotional support from surgeons on patients with benign nodules.

Methods: Patients within 30 d of a thyroid nodule biopsy were asked to imagine their nodule was cancerous and write down their feelings about this diagnosis.

Surgeon Preference for Maximizing Medical Care Is Associated with Recommending More Extensive Surgery for Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer.

While patient-level determinants of total thyroidectomy use have been well described, surgeon-level drivers of more extensive surgery are present and less well described. This survey sought to examine the associations between surgeons' operative recommendations, their beliefs about cancer, and their attitudes about medical maximizing-minimizing. A mixed-mode, cross-sectional survey was administered in September 2020 via mail and email to 222 thyroid surgeons identified in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Provider Utilization and Payment Physician and Other Practitioners dataset.

Development of a full aperture backscatter system for the Orion laser.

A full aperture backscatter system (FABS) is currently in development on the Orion laser at AWE to measure scattered light from the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) processes. The light is to be collected through the full aperture of the final optic assembly and traverse back down the beam path, with fractions of this light being directed to an optics table. By measuring the energy of this backscattered light, it is possible to gain insight into some of the laser-plasma instabilities that are present on the laser system and should give an indication of some of the scattered light losses due to the SBS and SRS processes.

Calibration and characterization of optical and x-ray streak cameras using a Ti:Sapphire laser system.

Optical and x-ray streak cameras are used to study transient phenomena, particularly in the high-energy density physics regime. The Orion laser facility employs many different types of streak cameras, which are used to collect data on laser-plasma interactions as well as to verify the temporal profile and timing between the multiple Orion beamlines. Streak cameras are complex devices with very precise timing associated with them, which can often malfunction, resulting in the loss of shot data.

Bridging the Gap: A Qualitative Assessment of General Surgery Resident Confidence and Knowledge Deficits in Managing Surgical Endocrinopathy.

Background: Most thyroid and parathyroid surgeries are performed by nonfellowship trained, low-volume surgeons with associated higher complication rates. Furthermore, the average number of endocrine procedures performed by general surgery residents is decreasing. While previous studies have documented a lack of general surgery resident confidence in performing these procedures, the specific knowledge gaps in endocrine surgery remain unexplored.

Management of Small Papillary Thyroid Cancers.

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. With increasing imaging utilization, there has been an increase in the recognition of small, indolent cancers that would otherwise go undiagnosed. Historically, the surgical recommendation for all patients with thyroid cancer was a total thyroidectomy.

Assessing the scale and ecological impact of derelict and discarded fishing gear across Thailand via the MARsCI citizen science protocol.

South-East Asia is among the least studied regions for the growing issue of marine debris pollution, despite being a major contributor towards global marine debris. In the present study, we provide the preliminary results from the MARsCI project, a survey protocol designed to utilise citizen science to facilitate data collection on the ecological impact of discarded fishing gear (DFG) in Thailand. Over a three-year period, 103 surveys were carried out across Thailand, resulting in impact assessment of 606 pieces of DFG.

Medical Maximizing Preferences and Beliefs About Cancer Among US Adults.

Importance: Medical overutilization contributes to significant health care expenditures and exposes patients to questionably beneficial surgery and unnecessary risk.

Objectives: To understand public attitudes toward medical utilization and the association of these attitudes with beliefs about cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this cross-sectional survey study conducted from August 26 to October 28, 2020, US-based, English-speaking adults were recruited from the general public using Prolific Academic, a research participant platform.

The One Health Concept.

The concept of One Health has been developed as the appreciation that human health is intricately connected to those of other animals and the environment that they inhabit. In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic and noticeable effects of climate change have encouraged national and international cooperation to apply One Health strategies to address key issues of health and welfare. The United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals have established targets for health and wellbeing, clean water and sanitation, climate action, as well as sustainability in marine and terrestrial ecosystems.

Adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet in relation to mortality and exposure to food contaminants in population-based cohorts of Swedish men and women.

Background: The EAT-Lancet diet was created to support dietary transition towards sustainable diets. Current evidence indicates that adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet may reduce mortality risk, yet how adherence may impact dietary exposure to food contaminants remains unexplored. We aimed to estimate the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and i) all-cause, cardiovascular-, and cancer-mortality and ii) predicted dietary exposure to the following food contaminants: cadmium, methylmercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and pesticide residues.

Assessing Fear of Thyroid Cancer in the General U.S. Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study aimed to measure fear of thyroid cancer in the general U.S. population and identify factors associated with a high level of thyroid cancer-specific fear that may contribute to overtreatment.

Rapid, free-breathing non-contrast MRI for first-line imaging evaluation of ovarian torsion in the emergency department.

Background: Transabdominal ultrasound (US) is first-line imaging to evaluate ovaries in girls presenting to the emergency department (ED) with suspected ovarian torsion. Ovaries may be difficult to visualize sonographically; therefore, prompt diagnosis using US alone can be challenging. Rapid MRI as first-line imaging may help streamline patient throughput, especially with increasing MRI availability in the ED.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Low-Risk Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Systematic Review Examining the Extent of Thyroidectomy.

Total thyroidectomy (TT) and hemithyroidectomy (HT) are acceptable surgical options for the treatment of low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). While previous data suggest similar disease-free and disease-specific survival regardless of initial surgical treatment, the effect of the extent of surgery on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is less clear. This systematic review aimed to examine HRQOL in low-risk DTC survivors after TT compared with HT.

The effect of an app-based dietary intervention on diet-related greenhouse gas emissions - results from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Dietary change towards a diet low in greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) can reduce climate impact and improve individual-level health. However, there is a lack of understanding if diet interventions can achieve low-GHGE diets.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the effects of an app-based intervention.

Sex- and age-dependent contribution of System x to cognitive, sensory, and social behaviors revealed by comprehensive behavioral analyses of System x null mice.

Background: System x (Sx) is an important heteromeric amino acid cystine/glutamate exchanger that plays a pivotal role in the CNS by importing cystine into cells while exporting glutamate. Although certain behaviors have been identified as altered in Sx null mutant mice, our understanding of the comprehensive impact of Sx on behavior remains incomplete.

Methods: To address this gap, we compared motor, sensory and social behaviors of male and female mice in mice null for Sx (SLC7A11) with wildtype littermates (SLC7A11) in a comprehensive and systematic manner to determine effects of genotype, sex, age, and their potential interactions.

The role of Zn2+ in shaping intracellular Ca2+ dynamics in the heart.

Increasing evidence suggests that Zn2+ acts as a second messenger capable of transducing extracellular stimuli into intracellular signaling events. The importance of Zn2+ as a signaling molecule in cardiovascular functioning is gaining traction. In the heart, Zn2+ plays important roles in excitation-contraction (EC) coupling, excitation-transcription coupling, and cardiac ventricular morphogenesis.