Cytomegalovirus seropositivity correlates with both human β-defensin 1 and IFN-γ downregulation in women with obesity.

Human β-defensin 1 (hBD-1) is a constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide with antiviral properties. CMV seropositivity has been associated with obesity. It is unknown if hBD-1 levels of are altered in women with obesity and/or CMV seropositivity.

IL-23/IL-17 axis and soluble receptors isoforms sIL-23R and sIL-17RA in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-presenting periodontitis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis (P) are chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by joint and radiographic bone loss, respectively. IL-23 and IL-17 have an essential role in the immunopathogenesis of RA, and P. IL-23 stimulates Th17 cells through which produces IL-17, IL-21, and RANKL.

Inverse behavior of IL-23R and IL-17RA in chronic and aggressive periodontitis.

Purpose: Periodontitis is associated with a dysbiosis of periodontopathic bacteria, which stimulate the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis that plays an essential role in the immunopathogenesis of this disease, leading to alveolar bone destruction through receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). IL-23 receptor mRNA (IL-23R) has been identified in periodontitis, and IL-17 receptor A mRNA (IL-17RA) and its protein have not yet been evaluated in patients with periodontitis. In this study was measure IL-23R and IL-17RA in gingival tissue (GT) from patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) and to explore correlations with clinical parameters.

Immunomodulatory Effect of Lactobacillus casei in a Murine Model of Colon Carcinogenesis.

We previously reported beneficial effects of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei 393 in hindering colon carcinogenesis in a 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced BALB/c mouse model of colon cancer. In the present study, we investigated the effect of preventive administration of L. casei 393 on the levels of selected pro- and anti-inflammatory circulating cytokines, as well as subpopulations of splenic T cells.

Adaptive Memory of Human NK-like CD8 T-Cells to Aging, and Viral and Tumor Antigens.

Human natural killer (NK)-like CD8 T-cells are singular T-cells that express both T and NK cell markers such as CD56; their frequencies depend on their differentiation and activation during their lifetime. There is evidence of the presence of these innate CD8 T-cells in the human umbilical cord, highlighting the necessity of investigating whether the NK-like CD8 T-cells arise in the early stages of life (gestation). Based on the presence of cell surface markers, these cells have also been referred to as CD8KIR T-cells, innate CD8 T-cells, CD8CD28KIR T-cells or NKT-like CD8CD56 cells.

[Levels of oxidative stress in serum and dietary behavior in adults in a rural area of Jalisco, Mexico].

Introduction: The feeding behavior establishes a relation of humans with food, includes food habits that could be involved with oxidative stress.

Objective: To evaluate the relation of indicators of oxidative stress (lipid peroxides) and antioxidant (ascorbic acid, catalase, superoxide dismutase) with feeding behavior in adults of Teocuhitatlan Corona, Jalisco, Mexico.

Method: Study observational, descriptive, cross-sectional of 44 adults with 43 to 88 years, was used a instrument of feeding behavior.

CD28-, CD45RA(null/dim) and natural killer-like CD8+ T cells are increased in peripheral blood of women with low-grade cervical lesions.

Background: In response to antigen naive CD8+, T cells differentiate into effector cells, which express Natural killer (NK) receptors, lose CD28 expression, and die by apoptosis. However, in smaller quantities, the cells are retained for subsequent exposure to the same antigen. Knowledge is limited regarding whether the percentages of CD28-, Effector memory (EMRA(null/dim)), and the CD16+/CD56 + CD8+ T cells of women with low-grade cervical lesions are altered at a systemic level.

Surgical wound infection rates in Spain: data summary, January 1997 through June 2012.

Background: The Indicadores Clínicos de Mejora Continua de la Calidad (INCLIMECC) program was established in Spain in 1997.

Methods: INCLIMECC is a prospective system of health care-associated infection (HAI) surveillance that collects incidence data in surgical and intensive care unit patients. The protocol is based on the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) surveillance system, formerly known as the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) system, and uses standard infection definitions from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

[Implementation of a post-discharge surgical site infection system in herniorrhaphy and mastectomy procedures].

Introduction: Monitoring surgical site infection (SSI) performed during hospitalization can underestimate its rates due to the shortening in hospital stay. The aim of this study was to determine the actual rates of SSI using a post-discharge monitoring system.

Methods: All patients who underwent herniorraphy or mastectomy in the Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal from 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2011 were included.

[Trends in the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacilli in a teaching hospital in Madrid, Spain].

Background And Objective: The pprevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing gram-negative bacilli has increased in recent years. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of infection/colonization due to theses microorganisms per 100 admissions and its trend during the period 2007-2010.

Patients And Methods: Prospective observational study of all patients admitted from January 2007 to December 2010 infected or colonized with ESBL-producing gram-negative bacilli at Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal.

[Glucose, body mass index and pre-neoplastic lesions in the cervix].

Background: The obesity and abnormal blood glucose level has been associated with cervical cancer development; however, few studies have been performed about this relation.

Objective: Evaluate the blood glucose levels and body mass index (BMI) in women with human papilloma virus infection (HPV-I) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN-I).

Patients And Method: Transversal study of 44 women diagnosed with HPV-I and CIN-I from September to December 2010 in Dysplasia Clinic of Regional Hospital of Guzman City, Federal entity of Jalisco, Mexico.

Emergence and outbreak of carbapenemase-producing KPC-3 Klebsiella pneumoniae in Spain, September 2009 to February 2010: control measures.

This report describes the epidemiological features of the first outbreak caused by KPC3 carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-3-KP) in Spain and how it was effectively controlled. From 16 September 2009 to the end of February 2010, seven patients infected or colonised with KPC-3-KP were detected. Stool surveillance cultures were recovered from patients, doctors, nurses, nursing assistants, cleaners and hospital porters working in the affected units.

[Factors associated to admission to Intensive Care in patients hospitalized due to pandemic Influenza A/H1N1 2009].

Objective: The present study explores the possible factors related to severe cases of pandemic flu.

Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients hospitalized with Influenza A/H1N1 2009 during the pandemic period.

Setting: Ramon y Cajal University Hospital (Madrid, Spain).

[Incidence of nosocomial infection in open prostate surgery].

Objectives: To know the rate of nosocomial infections in open prostate surgery and to assess the application of pre-surgery preparation and preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis protocols at three public hospitals in the Autonomous Community of Madrid.

Materials And Methods: Prospective observational and multicentre study, including all the patients operated on at the services monitored and admitted for more than 48 hours between 1 January and 31 December 2009. They were monitored from admittance until their discharge.

[Preoperative preparation, antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical wound infection in breast surgery].

Introduction: The impact of surgical wound infection on public health justifies its surveillance and prevention. Our objectives were to estimate the incidence of surgical wound infection in breast procedures and assess its protocol of antibiotic prophylaxis and preoperative preparation.

Methods: Observational multicentre prospective cohort study of incidence of surgical wound infection.

[Assessment of the surgical site infection in 14 hospitals of the Madrid Region: an incidence study].

Background And Objectives: Health care-associated infections (HAIs) occur frequently in hospitals and have severe consequences, with surgical site infection (SSI) being one of the most commonly reported. The aim of this study was to determine SSI rates and to asses the application of presurgical preparation and antimicrobial prophylaxis protocols in 14 public hospitals of the region of Madrid.

Material And Methods: Multi-centre prospective surveillance study.

Effect of ageing on CMV-specific CD8 T cells from CMV seropositive healthy donors.

Background: Ageing is associated with changes in the immune system with substantial alterations in T-lymphocyte subsets. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the factors that affect functionality of T cells and the differentiation and large expansions of CMV pp65-specific T cells have been associated with impaired responses to other immune challenges. Moreover, the presence of clonal expansions of CMV-specific T cells may shrink the available repertoire for other antigens and contribute to the increased incidence of infectious diseases in the elderly.

Immunological study of a chitosan prosthesis in the sciatic nerve regeneration of the axotomized dog.

This study demonstrated that when the regeneration of the axotomized sciatic nerve is induced through tubulization with chitosan, this biomaterial does not induce immunostimulation or immunodepression in the dog. Canine females were distributed among three groups: an intact control group which was only isolated, an axotomized control group, and an axotomized group which was tubulized with 3% chitosan prostheses. In vitro culture and phagocytosis tests, as well as IgG and IgM serum concentrations, were determined in peripheral blood on days 0, 15, 30 and 60.