Long-term outcomes of spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a literature review.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of spinal deformity in the younger population. The surgical management for these patients improved constantly over the last year and might not be comparable to modern treatment strategies. However, under this aspect the present investigation updates and discusses current evidence regarding the long-term outcome of the surgical management of AIS.

Differential Fatty Acid Response of Resident Macrophages in Human Skeletal Muscle Fiber and Intermuscular Adipose Tissue.

Human skeletal muscle contains different types of tissues with skeletal muscle fibers (SMFs) and intermuscular adipose tissues (IMATs) as the main components. We maintained human skeletal muscle tissues from 12 study participants under native conditions in vitro for 11 days to investigate the dynamics of macrophages that reside in adjacent IMATs and SMFs simultaneously. The samples were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for macrophage phenotyping and mitochondrial mass assessment before and after maintenance in vitro.

A multibody simulation of the spine for objectification of biomechanical quantities after VBT: a proof of concept and description of baseline data.

Purpose: Vertebral Body Tethering (VBT), an alternative treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, shows satisfactory post-operative results. However, the biomechanical quantities and consequences after VBT surgery remain largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the spinal biomechanics during different motions using a multibody simulation approach.

Satisfactory 2-year outcome of minimal invasive hybrid stabilization with double treated screws for unstable osteoporotic spinal fractures.

Purpose: This study evaluates whether the fracture level alters the outcomes of minimally invasive hybrid stabilization (MIHS) with double-threaded, uncemented polyaxial screws for unstable osteoporotic vertebral fractures.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 73 patients (71.23% females, mean age: 79.

Development of early complications after treatment of trochanteric fractures with an intramedullary sliding hip screw in a geriatric population.

Purpose: Although trochanteric fractures (TF) are a frequent event in the geriatric population, studies reporting on complication rates associated with surgical treatment are sparse. Thus, this study investigated the relevance of fracture-, implant-, and surgery-associated complications in TF. Furthermore, the role of possible risk factors for the before mentioned complications was investigated.

Unsaturated Long-Chain Fatty Acids Activate Resident Macrophages and Stem Cells in a Human Skeletal Muscle Tissue Model.

Phenotypically heterogeneous populations of tissue-resident macrophages and stem cells play important roles in the regeneration of the skeletal muscle tissue. Previous studies using animal and cell culture models implied a beneficial effect of fatty acid (FA) species on tissue regeneration. Here, we applied a human experimental model using excised muscle tissues from reconstructive surgeries to study the effects of FAs on resident macrophages and stem cells in the natural environment of human skeletal muscle tissue.

Transosseous suture versus suture anchor fixation for inferior pole fractures of the patella in osteoporotic bone: a biomechanical study.

Background: The surgical treatment of inferior patellar pole fractures can be a challenge, especially in geriatric patients, who are particularly frequently affected by osteoporosis. The objective of this biomechanical study was to compare the performance of suture anchor and transosseous suture fixation in fractures of the inferior patellar pole in context of bone mineral density.

Methods: Twelve fresh-frozen human cadaveric knees received a transverse osteotomy, simulating an AO/OTA 34C1.

L4/5 accessibility for extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF): a radiological study.

Introduction: Potential advantages of the Extreme Lateral Interbody Fusion (XLIF) approach are smaller incisions, preserving anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments, lower blood loss, shorter operative time, avoiding vascular and visceral complications, and shorter length of stay. We hypothesize that not every patient can be safely treated at the L4/5 level using the XLIF approach. The objective of this study was to radiographically (CT-scan) evaluate the accessibility of the L4/5 level using a lateral approach, considering defined safe working zones and taking into account the anatomy of the superior iliac crest.

In Vitro Model of Human Skeletal Muscle Tissue for the Study of Resident Macrophages and Stem Cells.

Findings from studies of muscle regeneration can significantly contribute to the treatment of age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, which may predispose older adults to severe morbidities. We established a human experimental model using excised skeletal muscle tissues from reconstructive surgeries in eight older adults. Muscle samples from each participant were preserved immediately or maintained in agarose medium for the following 5, 9, or 11 days.

Patient-specific risk factors for adverse outcomes following geriatric proximal femur fractures.

Background: Proximal femur fractures (PFFs) occur frequently among geriatric patients due to diverse risk factors, such as a lower bone mineral density and the increased risk of falls.

Methods: In this review, we focus on recent literature of patient-specific risk factors and their impact on common complications and outcome parameters in patients with PFF.

Results: Patient- and treatment related factors have a significant impact on outcome and are associated with an increased risk of mortality, impairments in functional rehabilitation and complicative courses.

In-Hospital Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Fragility Fractures of the Lumbar Spine, Thoracic Spine, and Pelvic Ring: A Comparison of Data before and after Certification as a DGU Geriatric Trauma Centre.

: The implementation of orthogeriatric co-management (OGCM) reflects the demand for interdisciplinary collaborations due to the increasing comorbidities of geriatric trauma patients. This study aimed to assess clinical in-hospital outcomes in lumbar spine, thoracic spine, and pelvic ring fragility fracture patients before and after the implementation of a Geriatric Trauma Centre (GTC) certified by the German Trauma Society (DGU). : In this observational, retrospective cohort study, geriatric trauma patients (>70 years of age) were stratified into either a pre-GTC group (hospital admission between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2013) or a post-GTC group (hospital admission between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018).

Biomechanical Performance of BoneHelix Compared with Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing (ESIN) in a Pediatric Tibia Fracture Model.

Tibial shaft fractures are common injuries in the pediatric and adolescent populations. Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) is the treatment of choice for cases that require surgical stabilization. A new intramedullary device, BoneHelix (BH), may be an alternative for use with fractures that cannot be satisfactorily stabilized with ESIN.

Internal fixation versus hip arthroplasty in patients with nondisplaced femoral neck fractures: short-term results from a geriatric trauma registry.

Purpose: To determine whether internal fixation (IF) or hip arthroplasty (HA) is associated with superior outcomes in geriatric nondisplaced femoral neck fracture (FNF) patients.

Methods: Data from the Registry for Geriatric Trauma of the German Trauma Society (ATR-DGU) were analyzed (IF Group 449 and HA Group 1278 patients). In-hospital care and a 120-day postoperative follow-up were conducted.

Care of Geriatric Patients with Lumbar Spine, Pelvic, and Acetabular Fractures before and after Certification as a Geriatric Trauma Center DGU: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

More than 750,000 fragility fractures occur in Germany every year, with an expected increase in the following years. Interdisciplinary care pathways for geriatric patients are increasingly established to improve the treatment process and outcome, but there has been only limited evaluation of their use. Objectives: This study aimed to compare patient care before and after the implementation of a geriatric trauma center (GTC) in conformity with the German Society for Trauma Surgery (DGU).

[Treatment strategies for pathological fractures of the spine].

Background: Pathological fractures and instabilities of the spine are most often caused by primary tumors that hematogenously metastasize into the spine. In this context breast, prostate, kidney cell and bronchial carcinomas are the most relevant causative diseases. Furthermore, multiple myeloma is another frequent entity.

Influence of endplate size and implant positioning of vertebral body replacements on biomechanics and outcome.

Background: Spinal stabilization by an anterior vertebral body replacement is frequently used in patients suffering from destroyed vertebral bodies. The aim of this study was to analyse (i) the choice of endplate size and positioning of vertebral body replacements in daily patient care and (ii) if these factors have an influence on clinical and radiological outcomes.

Method: Patients' outcomes were analysed three years after vertebral body replacement implantation using the visual analogue scale spine score.

Interobserver reliability of the Gehweiler classification and treatment strategies of isolated atlas fractures: an internet-based multicenter survey among spine surgeons.

Purpose: Atlas (C1) fractures are commonly rated according to the Gehweiler classification, but literature on its reliability is scarce. In addition, evaluation of fracture stability and choosing the most appropriate treatment regime for C1-injuries are challenging. This study aimed to investigate the interobserver reliability of the Gehweiler classification and to identify whether evaluation of fracture stability as well as the treatment of C1-fractures are consistent among spine surgeons.

Early Spinal Injury Stabilization in Multiple-Injured Patients: Do All Patients Benefit?

Background: Thoracolumbar spine fractures in multiple-injured patients are a common injury pattern. The appropriate timing for the surgical stabilization of vertebral fractures is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to analyse the impact of the timing of spinal surgery in multiple-injured patients both in general and in respect to spinal injury severity.

[Medical ID and emergency apps: A useful tool in emergency situations or a waste of time?].

Background: In order to provide safe care to a patient in an emergency situation, it is useful to know something about the patient's previous medical conditions and medication. For this very reason smartphones have been equipped with so-called emergency apps (e.g.

[Posttraumatic deformity of the thoracolumbar spine].

Posttraumatic kyphotic deformities of the thoracolumbar spine may result in significant clinical complaints. If conservative treatment is not successful, surgical correction of the kyphosis becomes an option. In contrast to degenerative deformities, posttraumatic kyphotic deformities are usual limited to few segments and can be treated with shorter constructs.

[Traumatic periprosthetic fractures in patients with total hip replacement].

The incidence of periprosthetic hip fractures is increasing due to the increase in endoprosthetic hip replacements. These fractures require a staged and individual treatment concept with the aim of mobilization of the patient as early as possible. The special challenge in the diagnostics is to identify pre-existing signs of loosening of the prosthesis.