Use of medicines to alleviate negative emotional states among adolescents attending Special Education Centres.

Introduction: Substantial research evidence indicates that adolescents commonly use a variety of pharmaceuticals. Studies in this area carried out so far in Poland have focused on youth attending mainstream schools. However, there is a lack of research covering adolescents residing in special education centres (SEC).

Prevalence and determinants of psychotropic medication use in Poland.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of psychotropic medication use among adult population in Poland in past 12 months, and to analyse the relationship between psychotropic medication use and sociodemographic factors as well as mental health disorders experienced by respondents.

Methods: Composite International Diagnostic Instrument (WHO CIDI 3.0) was used in Polish survey of general population aged 18-64.

Lipidomic profiles as a tool to search for new biomarkers.

Lipidomics belongs to the family of the so-called omics domains, which, based on modern chemical technologies, strive to explain the biological principles of the organism's functioning. Main biological functions of lipids include energy storage, the formation of cell membranes, and participation in the transmission of biological signals, and their dysregulation is responsible for the development of pathological states. Thanks to lipid profiling, potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis can be identified.

Mental health of Warsaw middle school students. Mokotow Study 2004-2016.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of mental health problems in subpopulation of Warsaw adolescents and to identify trends in 2004-2016.

Methods: The cross-sectional study, conducted every four years, covered the third grade Warsaw middle school students from three Warsaw districts: Mokotów, Ursynów and Wilanów. Sample was randomly selected with the adjustment for cluster selection.

Drinking and alcohol-related problems among at-risk adolescents: The role of protective behavioral strategies.

Introduction: Protective Behavioral Strategies (PBS) are an alcohol-specific cognitive-behavioral strategies that may be employed before, during and/or after drinking, in order to reduce alcohol consumption and related consequences, particularly in the at-risk populations. Previous research on PBS was limited to North American college students. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of PBS use in a sample of Polish adolescents attending Special Educational Centers (SEC).

Factors associated with youth gambling: longitudinal study among high school students.

Objectives: Non-substance addictive behaviours such as problem gambling among the youth have been a growing public health concern. However, the knowledge on risk and protective factors associated with this relatively new problem is still limited. It inhibits the development of informed preventive programs and interventions.

Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) - knowledge and expe riences of drug users from Hungary, Poland, the UK and the USA.

Background: The recent decade witnessed growing prevalence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) among young people in Europe and elsewhere. The study, conducted in 2011 as part of the EU-funded ReDNet project, aimed at better understanding of motives behind the demand for NPS among youth as well as at their information needs in this regard. In addition to historical values, the lessons learned during the legal status of NPS may contribute to a more general understanding of use of new drugs and to current drug policies.

Alcohol and Cigarette Use Among Warsaw Adolescents: Factors Associated With Risk and Resilience.

Background: Youth in Poland are at notable risk for substance use. Guided by resiliency theory, we examine if developmental risk and promotive factors are associated with substance abuse risk.

Objectives: We examined the association between adolescent cigarette and alcohol use and related risk and promotive factors including maternal support, neighbors' informal social control, friends' acceptance of substance use, and alcohol and cigarette use by nonparental adults.

Scintigraphic assessment of renal function in steel plant workers occupationally exposed to lead.

Objectives: Occupational exposure to lead may produce kidney damage, but existing data on the dose range associated with nephrotoxicity are inconclusive. We here assessed renal function under conditions of low to moderate lead exposure using renal scintigraphy.

Methods: Fifty-three male foundrymen (exposed group) and fourty male office workers (control group) from a steel plant were included in the study.

[Effectiveness of alcohol prevention program for pre-adolescents].

Aim: The aim of this research was to assess the delayed effects of a two-year alcohol prevention program implemented in Polish primary schools.

Method: The program comprised two curricula implemented the school and in family houses: Program Domowych Detektywów and Fantastyczne Mozliwości. Both curricula were the Polish versions of two American school-based prevention programs which belonged to Project Northland.

Promoting innovation and excellence to face the rapid diffusion of novel psychoactive substances in the EU: the outcomes of the ReDNet project.

Objectives: The recent emergence of new psychoactive compounds (novel psychoactive substances (NPS)) has raised prominent challenges in the fields of drug policy, substance use research, public health and service provision. The Recreational Drugs European Network project, funded by the European Commission, was implemented to improve the information stream to young people and professionals about effects/risks of NPS by identifying online products and disseminating relevant information through technological tools.

Methods: Regular multilingual qualitative assessments of websites, drugs fora and other online resources were carried out using the Google search engine in eight languages from collaborating countries.

Phenomenon of new drugs on the Internet: the case of ketamine derivative methoxetamine.

On the basis of the material available both in the scientific literature and on the web, this paper aims to provide a pharmacological, chemical and behavioural overview of the novel compound methoxetamine. This is a dissociative drug related to ketamine, with a much longer duration of action and intensity of effects. A critical discussion of the availability of information on the web of methoxetamine as a new recreational trend is here provided.

[Neighbourhood characteristic as risk-protective factor related to substance use by youth Review of the contemporary research.].

Przedmiotem artykułu jest przegląd prac badawczych dotyczących związku między cechami środowiska sąsiedzkiego a używaniem przez młodzież substancji psychoaktywnych. W pierwszej części pracy opisano sposoby definiowania obszaru środowiska sąsiedzkiego, w drugiej scharakteryzowano podstawy teoretyczne badań, w trzeciej - metody pomiaru cech środowiska sąsiedzkiego, a w czwartej przedstawiono wynik badań. Najczęściej przywoływanymi w badaniach teoriami, wyjaśniającymi związek między środowiskiem sąsiedzkim a zachowaniem młodzieży były teoria społecznej dezorganizacji oraz teoria kapitału społecznego.

[Introduction of a school-based intervention method targeted for drug using students. Barriers related to the co-operation between parents and teachers].

The aim of the study was to analyse the process of implementing a school-based intervention method, for drug using students and barriers, related to the parent-school co-operation, impeding this process. Data were collected during the qualitative evaluation of the intervention implementation into 11 schools representing various educational levels and local communities. Results indicate that in 6 schools at least some of proposed system modifications were implemented and in 7 schools teachers used key elements of the intervention method while solving problems related to students' conduct or drug use.

[Evaluation of a school-based intervention method for drug using students].

The article presents the study results concerning the feasibility of an intervention method for drug using students in the school environment. The representatives of 11 schools from three towns took part in focus group interviews. They shared their experiences related to the use of this method in practice.

[Some problems in the cross-cultural adaptation of programs for primary prevention of alcohol abuse].

The subject of this article is a presentation of chosen problems connected with cross-cultural adaptation of school-based prevention programmes. These problems are described according to an example of the two first parts of the American Northland Project. The aim of this project is to delay the onset of alcohol use among young adolescents.

Transfer of maternal passive immunity to kids in goat herd.

The efficiency of tranfer of maternal immunity and its infuence on the kids' health was observed in a herd in which kids (n=20) had whole contact with the dam (n=13). The factors associated with dam, kid and human, which influence the efficiency of passive transfer were observed. It was estimated that the single-born kids reached higher serum gamma-globulin level (mean 23.