Frequency, financial impact, and factors associated with cost outliers in intensive care units: a cohort study in Belgium.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between high outliers and intensive care unit admissions and to identify the factors contributing to high intensive care unit costs.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from 17 Belgian hospitals from 2018 and 2019. The study focused on the 10 most frequently admitted diagnosis-related groups in the intensive care unit.

Homeodomain Involvement in Nuclear HOX Protein Homo- and Heterodimerization.

genes play essential roles in patterning the anteroposterior axis of animal embryos and in the formation of various organs. In mammals, there are 39 genes organized into four clusters (HOXA-D) located on different chromosomes. In relationship with their orderly arrangement along the chromosomes, these genes show nested expression patterns which imply that embryonic territories co-express multiple genes along the main body axis.

Cost burden for healthcare and patients related to the unawareness towards laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Objective: To investigate the impact of physician unawareness towards laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) on healthcare costs.

Methods: Patients with a confirmed LPR diagnosis were consecutively recruited from Belgian Hospitals. Demographics and clinical outcomes (impedance-pH testing features, reflux symptom score, and reflux sign assessment) were extracted.

Predictors and components of inpatient asthma hospital cost: A retrospective cohort study. Analysis from a sample of 14 Belgian hospitals.

Background: Addressing the challenges of asthma has involved various approaches, including the examination of costs associated with hospitalization. However, there is a limited number of studies that have investigated the actual expenses incurred by hospital settings in caring for asthma patients. This study aims to describe the costs, predictors, and breakdown of expenditures in different categories.

Evaluation of patient reported outcome measures and costs of managing osteoarthritis of the hip.

The number of hospital admissions for a hip prosthesis increased by more than 91% between 2002 and 2019 in Belgium (1), making it one of the most common interventions in hospitals. The objective of this study is to evaluate patient-report- ed outcomes and hospital costs of hip replacement six months after surgery. Both generic (EQ-5D) and specific (HOOS) PROMs of general hospital patients undergoing hip replacement surgery in 2021 were conducted.

Analysis of admissions to intensive care units that could be supported on an intermediate care unit.

Background: Only one third of European countries use intermediate care units (IMCs). An IMC makes it possible to manage patients who do not require intensive care but who need a higher level of nursing care that cannot be provided on the general ward. In Belgium, there are no national criteria for ICU admission or discharge, and no policies regarding IMC care or for differentiating ICU intensity levels.

Daly/Cost comparison in the management of peripheral arterial disease at 17 Belgian hospitals.

Objective: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a manifestation of atherosclerosis that affects the lower extremities and afflicts more than 200 million people worldwide. Because of limited resources, the need to provide quality care associated with cost control is essential for health policies. Our study concerns an interhospital comparison among seventeen Belgian hospitals that integrates the weighting of quality indicators and the costs of care, from the hospital perspective, for a patient with this pathology in 2018.

Unfinished nursing care in intensive care units and the mediating role of the association between nurse working environment, and quality of care and nurses' wellbeing.

Objectives: Unfinished care refers to the situation in which nurses are forced to delay or omit necessary nursing care. The objectives was: 1) to measure the prevalence of unfinished nursing care in intensive care units during the COVID-19 pandemic; 2) to examine whether unfinished nursing care has a mediating role in the relationship between nurse working environment and nurse-perceived quality of care and risk of burnout among nurses.

Design: A national cross-sectional survey.

Cost comparisons and factors related to cost per stay in intensive care units in Belgium.

Background: Given the variability of intensive care unit (ICU) costs in different countries and the importance of this information for guiding clinicians to effective treatment and to the organisation of ICUs at the national level, it is of value to gather data on this topic for analysis at the national level in Belgium. The objectives of the study were to assess the total cost of ICUs and the factors that influence the cost of ICUs in hospitals in Belgium.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data collected from the ICUs of 17 Belgian hospitals from January 01 to December 31, 2018.

Association of burnout and intention-to-leave the profession with work environment: A nationwide cross-sectional study among Belgian intensive care nurses after two years of pandemic.

Background: Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses are at an increased risk of burnout and may have an intention-to-leave their jobs. The COVID-19 pandemic may increase this risk.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of burnout risk and intention-to-leave the job and nursing profession among ICU nurses and to analyse the relationships between these variables and the work environment after two years of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Emergency Medicine with Advanced Surgery Protocols: A Review.

One of the most burning issues in health system is the concern of handling patients that requires emergency surgery. Emergency general surgery is done on both traumatic and nontraumatic acute disorders. Severe traumatic injury and bleeding is one of the causing agents for high mortality rate globally.

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Introduction: One of the main recommendations to improve chronic asthmatic patients' adhesion to their treatment is the implementation of a coordinated care pathway aiming at facilitating disease management by the patient while meeting his needs and expectations.

Purpose Of Research: To study through a critical literature review and a short survey how this care pathway can be set up and adapted to the Belgian context.

Results: A model including the three healthcare levels in Belgium was developed.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Relation to T2DM from Endocrinology, Neurophysiology, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry Perspectives.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a severe disease caused by metabolic disorders, particularly carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The disease is a fatal global trouble characterised by high prevalence rates, causing death, blindness, kidney failure, myocardial infarction, amputation of lower limps, and stroke. Biochemical metabolic pathways like glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis, and glycogenolysis are critical pathways that regulate blood glucose levels with the glucokinase (GK) enzyme playing a central role in glucose homeostasis.

Biochemical Behaviours of Salmeterol/Fluticasone Propionate in Treating Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD).

Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and asthma are fatal. The respiratory tract may be blocked, robbed of the adequate amounts of oxygen; hence, death ensues if a quick medical attention is not provided. The treatment available for the duo are inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).

Preparation of PCL Electrospun Fibers Loaded with Cisplatin and Their Potential Application for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer is a global fatal type of cancer. It is a type of cancer that affect men. Signs and symptoms of the disease include blood in the urine, pain when one micturates, and difficulties in penis erection.

Association between nursing cost and patient outcomes in intensive care units: A retrospective cohort study of Belgian hospitals.

Introduction: Hospitals with better nursing resources report more favourable patient outcomes with almost no difference in cost as compared to those with worse nursing resources. The aim of this study was to assess the association between nursing cost per intensive care unit bed and patient outcomes (mortality, readmission, and length of stay).

Methodology: This was a retrospective cohort study using data collected from the intensive care units of 17 Belgian hospitals from January 01 to December 31, 2018.

Associations between two nursing workload scales and the cost of intensive care unit nursing staff: A retrospective study of one Belgian hospital.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess associations between a general nursing funding scale and an intensive care unit specific nursing workload scale and the cost of nursing staff.

Background: Nurse staffing represents the most important cost in the intensive care unit, so it is essential to evaluate it accurately. In addition, the assessment of nursing workload is important for the daily management of the intensive care unit and to ensure quality of care.

Cost-DALY comparison of hip replacement care in 12 Belgian hospitals.

Background: In view of the expected increase in expenditure on hip replacement treatment in Belgium, the complication rate and potential waste reduction, as estimated by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, we are not yet in a position to assess the efficiency of hip replacement treatment in Belgian hospitals. This objective study uses a cost-disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) ratio to propose a comparison of hip replacement surgery among 12 Belgian hospitals.

Methods: Our study seeks to innovate by proposing an interhospital comparison that simultaneously integrates the weighting of quality indicators and the costs of managing a patient.

Prevalence of burnout risk and factors associated with burnout risk among ICU nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak in French speaking Belgium.

Objective: Burnout is a global work-related phenomenon. Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses are at risk of burnout and the COVID-19 pandemic may increase this risk. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of burnout risk and identify risk factors among ICU nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Comparing feeling of competence regarding humanistic caring in Belgian nurses and nursing students: A comparative cross-sectional study conducted in a French Belgian teaching hospital.

Aim: The aim of the study was to describe and compare feeling of competence regarding humanistic caring in Registered Nurses (RN) and nursing students (NS).

Design: A quantitative comparative cross-sectional research design was used.

Methods: A convenience sample of 196 RN and 47 NS in a teaching hospital in Belgium completed a self-administered questionnaire composed of a sociodemographic survey and the Caring Nurse-Patient Interactions Scale (CNPI-23) developed by Cossette et al.