How Knowledge Travels: Learned Periodicals and the Atlantic Republic of Letters.

Although the Republic of Letters has become today a main area of interdisciplinary research, early North America has remained largely impermeable to this new body of scholarship. In this article I use the category of the Republic of Letters to overcome some of the limitations of the "Atlantic world" paradigm and to shed new light on the intellectual history of eighteenth-century America. Along with studying the means through which American savants gathered information about scholarly trends and recent publications, I also bring to light the strategies they used to actively contribute to the production and organization of knowledge.

ABO/Rh Blood Group and Cervical Cancer Survival: Results from Our Own and Other Studies.

Cervical cancer is the most common genital cancer worldwide and is mainly caused by a persistent human papillomavirus infection. Well-known prognostic factors are age, histology, stage, stromal invasion, tumor size, and tumor grade. The relationship between the ABO and Rh system with cervical cancer has been studied since the 1950s, though without obtaining clear results.

Boosting teamwork between scrub nurses and neurosurgeons: exploring the value of a role-played hands-on, cadaver-free simulation and systematic review of the literature.

Background: Recently, non-technical skills (NTS) and teamwork in particular have been demonstrated to be essential in many jobs, in business as well as in medical specialties, including plastic, orthopedic, and general surgery. However, NTS and teamwork in neurosurgery have not yet been fully studied. We reviewed the relevant literature and designed a mock surgery to be used as a team-building activity specifically designed for scrub nurses and neurosurgeons.

The role of minimally invasive surgery in epithelial ovarian cancer treatment: a narrative review.

Objectives: The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the available evidence on the use of minimal invasive surgery (MIS) in the management of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Background: MIS is currently performed to stage and treat EOC at different stage of presentation. We will evaluate risks and benefits of minimally invasive surgery for early stage EOC treatment, then potential advantages provided by staging laparoscopy in identifying patients suitable for primary cytoreductive surgery (PDS) will be discussed.

Impact of 2 years of COVID-19 pandemic on ovarian cancer treatment in IRCCS-AUSL of Reggio Emilia.

Objective: To assess compliance with the 2019 regional recommendation to centralize epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients and to assess whether the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the quality of care for EOC patients.

Methods: We compared data from EOC patients treated before the introduction of the 2019 regional recommendation (2018-2019) with data obtained from EOC patients treated after the regional recommendation was adopted during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021). Data were retrieved from the Optimal Ovarian Cancer Pathway records.

Should Endometrial Cancer Treatment Be Centralized?

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract in Western and emerging countries. In 2012, new cancer cases numbered 319,605, and 76,160 cancer deaths were diagnosed worldwide. ECs are usually diagnosed after menopause; 70% of ECs are diagnosed at an early stage with a favorable prognosis and a 5-year overall survival rate of 77%.

An Italian National Survey on Ovarian Cancer Treatment at first diagnosis. There's None so Deaf as those who will not Hear.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, crucial prognostic factors are no gross residual disease and centralization of cases. To evaluate the centralization of EOC patients, we report the results of a survey that shows the daily management of EOC patients in Italy. A 49-items electronic unblinded survey assessing demographics, practice characteristics, current opinions and approach to managing advanced EOC at first diagnosis was sent both to general gynecologists (GG) and gynecologic oncologists (GO).

Impact of a Province-wide Endometrial Cancer Guideline on Daily Practice.

Background/aim: Most women are managed by a general gynaecologist rather than being centralized in an oncogynaecology unit, resulting in different clinical management. In 2006, a hub & spoke model was introduced in the Provincial Healthcare System of Reggio Emilia, and shared guidelines were written. We aimed to verify the adherence to guidelines and the consequent improvements in quality care.

Accuracy of preoperative endometrial biopsy and intraoperative frozen section in predicting the final pathological diagnosis of endometrial cancer.

Background: Histotype and grade of endometrial cancer (EC) are prognostic factors of nodal involvement and thus of survival. Preoperative biopsy (PB) and intraoperative frozen section (FS) are usually used to guide surgical staging on which the choice of adjuvant therapy will be based successively.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the agreement rate between PB and FS with final diagnosis (FD) in a series of surgically resected EC.

AB0 Blood Group and Ovarian Cancer Survival.

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy because is usually diagnosed at advanced stage. New prognostic factors have been investigated but these biomarkers do not have a strong direct relationship with survival. Several studies investigated the association between AB0 blood group with ovarian cancer but with conflicting results.

Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma Arising in a Polyp: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis on 75 Patients.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether the international recommendations on the management of uterine papillary serous carcinoma arising in a polyp are uniformly followed in Italian Oncologic Centers and whether the strategy adopted is effective.

Materials And Methods: Patients with uterine papillary serous carcinoma arising in a polyp and who had undergone a hysterectomy were identified in the 2003-2013 database of 7 Italian Gynecologic Oncology Centers. Clinical and pathologic characteristics and outcomes were compared between staging procedure types.

Prognostic Impact of ABO Blood Group on Type I Endometrial Cancer Patients- Results from Our Own and Other Studies.

The ABO blood group antigens were found on most epithelial cells and in secretions. In the normal endometrium there is a variable expression of histo-blood group and related antigens suggesting a hormonal regulation. A relationship between ABO blood groups and endometrial cancer has been investigated with contradictory results.

Adverse Effects and Surgical Complications in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Vagal Nerve Stimulation for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.

Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is an effective treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy that is not suitable for resective surgery, both in adults and in children. Few reports describe the adverse effects and complications of VNS. The aim of our study was to present a series of 33 pediatric patients who underwent VNS for drug-resistant epilepsy and to discuss the adverse effects and complications through a review of the literature.

Impact of the Food and Drug Administration Safety Communication on the Use of Power Morcellator in Daily Clinical Practice: An Italian Survey.

Study Objective: To assess the impact of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warning about power morcellation use on the daily clinical practice of Italian gynecologists.

Design: Electronic survey mailed to the main gynecologic centers (Canadian Task Force Classification type III).

Setting: Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS - Arcispedale S.

Polymorphisms in cyclooxygenase-2 gene in endometrial cancer patients.

The enzyme cyclooxygenase 2 is an inducible enzyme expressed at sites of inflammation and in a variety of malignant solid tumors such as endometrial cancer (EC). In EC patients, its over-expression is correlated with progressive disease and poor prognosis. The expression is encoded by a polymorphic gene, called PTGS2.

HNF1B polymorphism influences the prognosis of endometrial cancer patients: a cohort study.

Background: HNF1B (formerly known as TCF2) gene encodes for a transcription factor that regulates gene expression involved in normal mesodermal and endodermal developments. A close association between rs4430796 polymorphism of HNF1B gene and decreased endometrial cancer (EC) risk has been demonstrated. The aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that rs4430796 polymorphism can influence the prognosis of EC patients.

Clinical governance network for clinical audit to improve quality in epithelial ovarian cancer management.

Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer. Several hospitals throughout the region provide primary treatment for these patients and it is well know that treatment quality is correlated to the hospital that delivers. The aim of this study was to investigate the management and treatment of EOC in a Region of the North Italy (Emilia-Romagna, Italy).

Haptoglobin phenotype and epithelial ovarian cancer.

Background: Haptoglobin (H) is a glycoprotein that regulates the immune response. Serum haptoglobin levels are significantly higher in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with poor survival. Different isoforms of haptoglobin have been found in the serum of patients with EOC.

Province wide clinical governance network for clinical audit for quality improvement in endometrial cancer management.

Background: According to the hub-and-spoke model introduced in the Provincial Healthcare System of Reggio Emilia, early endometrial cancer is treated in peripheral low-volume hospitals (spokes) by general gynecologist, whereas more complex cancers are treated by gynecological oncologists at the main hospital (hub).

Objective: To guarantee a uniformly high standard of care to all patients with endometrial cancer treated in hub and spoke hospitals of Reggio Emilia Province.

Methods: The specialists of the 5 hospitals of Reggio Emilia Province instituted an inter hospital and multidisciplinary oncology group to write common and shared guidelines based on evidence-based medicine through the use of clinical audit.

Gastric cancer in a pregnant woman presenting with low back pain and bilateral erythematous breast hypertrophy mimicking primary inflammatory breast carcinoma.

This report describes the first case of a pregnant woman presenting low-back pain and breast pain associated with bilateral erythematous breast hypertrophy, proving to be the result of metastatic disease from a gastric carcinoma. A 30-year-old pregnant woman was admitted complaining of persistent severe low back pain, breast pain and concomitant bilateral erythematous breast hypertrophy, mimicking primary inflammatory breast carcinoma. During the caesarean section, widespread disease was found and finally metastatic gastric cancer was detected.

Cortical visual evoked potentials recorded after optic tract near field stimulation during GPi-DBS in non-cooperative patients.

Object: Neurophysiologic monitoring during deep brain stimulation (DBS) interventions in the globus pallidus internum (Gpi) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease or primary dystonia is generally based upon microelectrode recordings (MER); moreover, MER request sophisticated technology and high level trained personnel for a reliable monitoring. Recordings of cortical visual evoked potentials (CVEPs) obtained after stimulation of the optic tract may be a potential option to MER; since optic tract lies just beneath the best target for Gpi DBS, changes in CVEPs during intraoperative exploration may drive a correct electrode positioning.

Patients And Methods: Cortical VEPs from optic tract stimulation (OT C-CEPs) have been recorded in seven patients during GPi-DBS for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and primary dystonia under general sedation.

Surgical, medical, and hardware adverse events in a series of 141 patients undergoing subthalamic deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease.

Background: Subthalamic deep brain stimulation has proved significant efficacy in the treatment of Parkinson disease. Adverse events, due to surgical and hardware-related complications, must be clearly addressed to properly balance the cost-effectiveness of the therapy. In addition, limited data exists about medical adverse events after surgery.

Venous outflow as a criterion of impairment of cerebral vascular reserve.

Aim: The purpose of this work is to evaluate if the asymmetry of venous outflow between the two hemispheres is a reliable criterion of impairment of the cerebral vascular reserve among symptomatic patients harbouring a spontaneous atherosclerotic occlusion of internal carotid artery.

Methods: From January 1995 to December 2007, 7 symptomatic patients, affected from occlusion of internal carotid artery, were submitted to a low-flow by-pass between the superficial temporal artery and the middle cerebral artery owing to the presence of an impairment of cerebral vascular reserve diagnosed by TC-Doppler, SPECT or perfusion-CT with acetazolamide challenge. Conventional angiography was always performed.