Sun exposure, a relevant exposome factor in acne patients and how photoprotection can improve outcomes.

Background: Acne pathophysiology includes a complex interaction among inflammatory mediators, hyperseborrhea, alteration of keratinization and follicular colonization by Propionibacterium acnes.

Aims: To describe the impact of the exposome on acne and how photoprotection can improve outcomes.

Methods: A narrative review of the literature was carried out; searches with Google Scholar and Pubmed from January 1992 to November 2022 were performed.

Challenges and Solutions in Oral Isotretinoin in Acne: Reflections on 35 Years of Experience.

Acne vulgaris affects more than 80% of adolescents and young adults and forms a substantial proportion of the dermatologist's and general practitioner's caseload. Severity of symptoms varies but may result in facial scarring and psychological repercussions. Oral isotretinoin is highly effective but can only be prescribed by specialists.

Practical management of acne for clinicians: An international consensus from the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne.

Scientific advances are continually improving the knowledge of acne and contributing to the refinement of treatment options; it is important for clinicians to regularly update their practice patterns to reflect current standards. The Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne is an international group of dermatologists with an interest in acne research and education that has been meeting regularly since 2001. As a group, we have continuously evaluated the literature on acne.

[Trichotillomania: three cases presentation and diagnosis tests review].

Trichotillomania represents a chronic disorder in which patients traumatically remove their own hair in a bizarre pattern. Like obsessive-compulsive disorder, the hair-pulling behavior is recognized as senseless and undesirable, but is performed in response to several emotions and affects, such as increasing anxiety, or unconscious conflicts with a resultant tension relief. The condition may be episodic, but is usually chronic and difficult to treat.

Update and future of systemic acne treatment.

Systemic treatment is required in patients with moderate-to-severe acne, especially when acne scars start to occur. Antibiotics with anti-inflammatory properties, such as tetracyclines (oxytetracycline, tetracycline chloride, doxycycline, minocycline and limecycline) and macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin and azithromycin) are the agents of choice for papulopustular acne, even though the emerging resistant bacterial strains are minimizing their effect, especially regarding erythromycin. Systemic antibiotics should be administered during a period of 8-12 weeks.

Clinical trial with clofazimine for treating erythema dyschromicum perstans. Evaluation of cell-mediated immunity.

Eight patients were studied to determine the possible use of clofazimine for treating erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP). The T-helper/T-suppressor cytotoxic ratio (CD-4/CD-8) and the in vitro lymphoproliferative response on stimulation with phytohemaglutin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) were determined in peripheral blood before and after treatment. Of the eight patients studied, seven had excellent to good responses, whereas only one had a marginal response.

[Double-blind clinical study of the treatment of melasma with azelaic acid versus hydroquinone].

A comparative double-blind study was carried out on sixty patients received oral contraceptives. Patients were treated with 20% azelaic acid or 4% hydroquinone. They were observed for 24 weeks and the results compared and checked for side effects.

[Generalized lichen planus with erosive lesions of the penis, treated with thalidomide. Report of a case and review of the literature].

A patient with generalized lichen planus with lesions in the infrequent localization like face, palms, soles and an extensive erosion of glans penis, is described in a 46 year old patient. He had received various treatment which include systemic steroids, without improvement. After treatment with thalidomide (initial doses 300 mg/day for 2 weeks and 200 mg/day for further 10 weeks) he presents resolution of his lesions and symptomatology.

[Use of cyproterone acetate in the treatment of acne].

Forty two female patients with strong acne and oiliness were studied all of them were treated with a tablet daily of 2 mg. of cyprosterone Acetate and 0.05 mg of ethinyl oestradiol for 3 weeks and a week without it.