Partial penectomy with reconstruction using a split-thickness skin graft: a multicenter experience.

Background: Penile cancer is a relatively rare neoplasm in developed countries, with the majority of newly diagnosed cases presenting as organ-confined, with a 5-year survival rate of 90%. Therefore, it is crucial to consider the impact of penile tumor resection on sexual and urinary function. Regrettably, the literature is devoid of comprehensive, step-by-step video instructions for the surgical procedure of partial penectomy with reconstruction using a split-thickness skin graft (0.

Digital morphology network for effective teaching of cytology, histology and histopathology for medical and biology curriculum. VM3.0 Erasmus+ project.

Introduction: Digital microscopy transformation, the basis for the virtual microscopy applications, is a challenge but also a requirement in modern Medical Education. This paper presents the scope, background, methods, and results of the project "Digital Transformation of Histology and Histopathology by Virtual Microscopy (VM) for an Innovative Medical School Curriculum", VM3.0, funded by the European Union under the Erasmus+ framework (ref.

The immunoreactivity of GLI1 and VEGFA is a potential prognostic factor in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common type of kidney cancer and its pathogenesis is strongly associated with VHL-HIF-VEGF signaling. SHH ligand is the upstream SHH pathway regulator, while GLI1 is its major effector that stimulates as a transcription factor, i.a.

Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Expression in Penile Cancer: Preliminary Studies.

Penile cancer is a rare neoplasm in developed countries with an incidence of 0.8/100,000 per male inhabitant. Despite the development of personalized medicine and multimodal treatment, the outcome of penile cancer treatment is insufficient.

Age-related effects of fenofibrate on the hepatic expression of sirtuin 1, sirtuin 3, and lipid metabolism-related genes.

Background: Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) and sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) participate in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Our aim was to investigate the effects of the hypolipemic drug fenofibrate (FN) on hepatic Sirt1 and Sirt3 expression, in relation to the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and in the context of aging.

Methods And Results: Young and old male Wistar rats were fed standard chow or supplemented with 0.

Altered mRNA Expression of NFKB1 and NFKB2 Genes in Penile Lichen Sclerosus, Penile Cancer and Zoon Balanitis.

Background: The nuclear factor-κB transcription factors 1 and 2 (NFKB1 and NFKB2) are key components of the NF-κB pathway, which responds to inflammatory signals. Since the NFKB1/2 factors are activated via different inflammatory molecules, we aimed to check their expression levels in penile cancer (PC), penile dermatoses: lichen sclerosus (PLS) and zoon balanitis (ZB).

Methods: Skin biopsies from altered and healthy looking foreskin were obtained from 59 (49 LS; early PLS: 13, moderate PLS: 32, severe PLS: 4; 6 PC; 4 ZB) and unchanged foreskin from 13 healthy control adult males undergoing circumcision.

Aging and short-term calorie restriction differently affect the cardiac and skeletal muscle expression of genes regulating energy substrate utilization in male rats.

Aging affects the energy metabolism differently in the cardiac and skeletal muscles. The study aim was to assess the effects of short-term calorie restriction (SCR) and refeeding on the expression of genes involved in the control of cardiac and skeletal muscle energy metabolism in old vs. young male rats.

Expression levels of sonic hedgehog pathway genes and their targets are upregulated in early clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and aggressive subtype of kidney cancer, with high mortality rates worldwide. The sonic hedgehog (SHH) molecular cascade is altered in various malignancies in tumorigenesis, and several SHH pathway inhibitors have been considered as potential anticancer drugs. The aim of the present study was to determine the expression profile of SHH signaling components and their target genes in ccRCC.

Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway in gynecological and genitourinary cancer (Review).

Cancers of the urinary tract, as well as those of the female and male reproductive systems, account for a large percentage of malignancies worldwide. Mortality is frequently affected by late diagnosis or therapeutic difficulties. The Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway is an evolutionary conserved molecular cascade, which is mainly associated with the development of the central nervous system in fetal life.

The protective impact of Trans-Cinnamaldehyde (TCA) against the IL-1b induced inflammation in in vitro osteoarthritis model by regulating PI3K/AKT pathways.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a severe joint degeneration disease in elderly people described by the advanced degradation of articular cartilage, which ultimately leads to chronic pain. Trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA) exerted its anti-inflammatory function in numerous disease syndromes; however, its role in the pathogenesis of OA remains unknown. The current research aimed to explore the potential protective impact of TCA in the progression of osteoarthritis in vitro.

Fenofibrate impairs liver function and structure more pronounced in old than young rats.

Introduction: Since old animals are known to accumulate lipids in some organs, we compared effects of fenofibrate (FN) on systemic lipid metabolism, activity of liver marker enzymes and structure in young and old rats.

Material And Methods: Young and old rats were fed chow supplemented with 0.1 % or 0.

Expression of HTRA Genes and Its Association with Microsatellite Instability and Survival of Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

HtrA proteases regulate cellular homeostasis and cell death. Their dysfunctions have been correlated with oncogenesis and response to therapeutic treatment. We investigated the relation between HtrA1-3 expression and clinicopathological, and survival data, as well as the microsatellite status of tumors.

Expression of the Sonic Hedgehog pathway components in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and the most aggressive histopathological subtype of kidney cancer, with patients exhibiting high mortality rates for metastatic tumors. The Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway serves a crucial role in embryonic development. The abnormal activity of SHH signaling is observed in a broad range of malignancies.

In vitro evaluation of electroporated gold nanoparticles and extremely-low frequency electromagnetic field anticancer activity against Hep-2 laryngeal cancer cells.

Introduction: The extremely-low frequency electromagnetic field (ELFEMF) has been proposed for use in cancer therapy since it was found that magnetic waves interfere with many biological processes. Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have been widely used for drug delivery during cancer in vitro studies due to their low cytotoxity and high biocompatibility. The electroporation of cancer cells in a presence of Au-NPs (EP Au-NPs) can induce cell apoptosis, alterations of cell cycle profile and morphological changes.

Prognostic significance of VHL, HIF1A, HIF2A, VEGFA and p53 expression in patients with clear‑cell renal cell carcinoma treated with sunitinib as first‑line treatment.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of renal cell cancer, characterized by the highest mortality rate among other RCC subtypes due to the occurrence of metastasis and drug resistance following surgery. The Von Hippel‑Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL)‑hypoxia‑inducible factor 1 subunit α (HIF1A)/hypoxia‑inducible factor 2α (HIF2A)‑vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) protein axis is involved in the development and progression of ccRCC, whereas sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, blocks the binding of VEGFA to its receptor. The aim of the present study was to examine the possible association of the gene expression of VHL, HIF1A, HIF2A, VEGFA and tumor protein P53 (P53) in cancer tissue with the outcome of ccRCC patients who were treated with sunitinib as first‑line therapy following nephrectomy.

WNT5A gene and protein expression in endometrial cancer.

Introduction: WNT5A (Wnt family member 5A) belongs to the WNT family of secreted signaling glycoproteins that play essential role in developmental, physiological and pathological processes. WNT5A was shown to take part in carcinogenesis process playing both oncogenic and suppressor functions in various types of human malignancies. This study aimed to assess the expression of the WNT5A gene at the mRNA and protein levels in the specimens derived from endometrial cancer (EC) or unchanged control endometrium.

Distinct Expression Patterns of Two Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily Member 15 Gene Isoforms in Human Colon Cancer.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) gene is involved in development of several cancers. It encodes two proteins: tumor necrosis factor ligand-related molecule 1A (TL1A) and vascular endothelial growth inhibitor 192 (VEGI-192). The main receptor for TL1A is death receptor 3 (DR3).

Presence of DNA in blood cells is a frequent event in patients with the late stage of primary cutaneous lymphomas and with atopic dermatitis.

Introduction: Microbial infection and associated super antigens have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), and many patients die from complicating bacterial infections. It has been postulated that () infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of (MF) but published data are limited and controversial.

Aim: To analyze the frequency of () DNA presence in blood samples of lymphoma cases.

FasR and FasL in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common solid organ cancers prevalent worldwide causing, in spite of advancing therapeutic methodology, high rate of patient mortality, especially due to metastasis development. The cancer stem cell (CSC) theory of tumor growth indicates that CSCs within the tumor mass have great capacity to initiate and sustain tumor growth. Following the suggestion that Fas signaling can be engaged in apoptosis, tumor maintenance, senescence or DICE (death induced by CD95 or CD95L elimination), the attempts to broaden the knowledge concerning the relationships between CSCs features and FasR/FasL appeared to be necessary.

Expression and Prognostic Significance of , and in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Histone acetyltransferase E1A-binding protein p300 (EP300), tumor protein p53 (TP53) and B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein (BAX) contribute to the regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis, cellular processes that are often impaired in cancer cells. The aim of this study was to determine the expression levels of EP300, TP53 and BAX genes and their respective proteins in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and evaluate the value of these factors as prognostic factors.

Materials And Methods: EP300, TP53 and BAX expression at the transcript and protein levels were determined by quantitative polymerase-chain reaction (QPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in paired tumor and kidney specimens from 31 patients with ccRCC.

Overexpression of the YAP1 oncogene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma is associated with poor outcome.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of RCC (70-80%). Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) protein is a nuclear effector of the Hippo pathway and acts as a transcriptional co-activator of genes involved in the processes of growth and development of tissues. Hippo signaling, with its key kinases, MST2 and large tumor suppressor kinase 1 (LATS1), plays a significant role in the negative regulation of the amount and activity of YAP1 protein.

A3R Phage and Staphylococcus aureus Lysate Do Not Induce Neutrophil Degranulation.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of A3R phage and lysate obtained after phage infection on neutrophil degranulation. The exocytosis of primary and secondary granules from neutrophils was investigated in vitro in whole blood specimens by flow cytometry based on the expression of specific markers of exocytosis (CD63 for primary granules and CD66b for secondary granules). We found that both A3R and lysate had no significant effect on the exocytosis of primary and secondary granules.

Decreased expression of p73 in colorectal cancer.

Introduction: The colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent cancer in Poland and worldwide. This disease is characterized by distinct genetic alterations. p73 belongs to the p53 gene family; however, its role in the pathogenesis of CRC has not been completely understood.

Decreased expression of RASSF1A tumor suppressor gene is associated with worse prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of RCC (70-80%) and is associated with poor prognosis in 40% of cases mainly due to metastasis in the course of the disease. RASSF1, with its isoforms RASSF1A and RASSF1C, is a tumor suppressor gene which has not been fully analyzed in ccRCC yet. The epigenetic downregulation of RASSF1A is commonly associated with promoter hypermethylation.