Do Arabinogalactan Proteins Occur in the Transfer Cells of ?

Species in the genus are carnivorous plants that prey on invertebrates using traps of leaf origin. The traps are equipped with numerous different glandular trichomes. Trichomes (quadrifids) produce digestive enzymes and absorb the products of prey digestion.

Cell Wall Microdomains in the External Glands of Traps.

The genus (bladderworts) species are carnivorous plants that prey on invertebrates using traps with a high-speed suction mechanism. The outer trap surface is lined by dome-shaped glands responsible for secreting water in active traps. In terminal cells of these glands, the outer wall is differentiated into several layers, and even cell wall ingrowths are covered by new cell wall layers.

Shoots and Turions of Aquatic Plants as a Source of Fatty Acids.

Background: Fatty acids are essential for human health. Currently, there is a search for alternative sources of fatty acids that could supplement such sources as staple crops or fishes. Turions of aquatic plants accumulate a variety of substances such as starch, free sugars, amino acids, reserve proteins and lipids.

Do Cuticular Gaps Make It Possible to Study the Composition of the Cell Walls in the Glands of ?

Carnivorous plants can survive in poor habitats because they have the ability to attract, capture, and digest prey and absorb animal nutrients using modified organs that are equipped with glands. These glands have terminal cells with permeable cuticles. Cuticular discontinuities allow both secretion and endocytosis.

Differences in the Occurrence of Cell Wall Components between Distinct Cell Types in Glands of .

Carnivorous plants are mixotrophs that have developed the ability to lure, trap, and digest small organisms and utilize components of the digested bodies. Leaves of have two kinds of glands (emergences): stalked mucilage glands and sessile digestive glands. The stalked mucilage glands perform the primary role in prey lure and trapping.

Biological Potential of Carnivorous Plants from Nepenthales.

Since Charles Darwin and his book carnivorous plants have aroused interest and heated debate. In addition, there is growing interest in this group of plants as a source of secondary metabolites and in the application of their biological activity. The aim of this study was to trace the recent literature in search of the application of extracts obtained from families Droseraceae, Nepenthaceae, and Drosophyllaceae to show their biological potential.

Carnivorous Plants from Nepenthaceae and Droseraceae as a Source of Secondary Metabolites.

Carnivorous plants are able to attract small animals or protozoa and retain them in their specialized traps. Later, the captured organisms are killed and digested. The nutrients contained in the prey bodies are absorbed by the plants to use for growth and reproduction.

Immunocytochemical Analysis of Bifid Trichomes in L. Traps.

The two-armed bifids (bifid trichomes) occur on the external (abaxial) trap surface, petiole, and stem of the aquatic carnivorous plant (Droseracee). These trichomes play the role of mucilage trichomes. This study aimed to fill the gap in the literature concerning the immunocytochemistry of the bifid trichomes and compare them with digestive trichomes.

Stellate Trichomes in Ellis (Venus Flytrap) Traps, Structure and Functions.

The digestive organs of carnivorous plants have external (abaxial) glands and trichomes, which perform various functions. Ellis (the Venus flytrap) is a model carnivorous plant species whose traps are covered by external trichomes. The aim of the study was to fill in the gap regarding the structure of the stellate outer trichomes and their immunocytochemistry and to determine whether these data support the suggestions of other authors about the roles of these trichomes.

Immunocytochemical Analysis of the Wall Ingrowths in the Digestive Gland Transfer Cells in L. (Droseraceae).

Carnivorous plants are unique due to their ability to attract small animals or protozoa, retain them in specialized traps, digest them, and absorb nutrients from the dissolved prey material; however, to this end, these plants need a special secretion-digestive system (glands). A common trait of the digestive glands of carnivorous plants is the presence of transfer cells. Using the aquatic carnivorous species , we showed carnivorous plants as a model for studies of wall ingrowths/transfer cells.

Arabinogalactan Proteins in the Digestive Glands of J.Ellis Traps.

The arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) play important roles in plant growth and developmental processes. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no information on the spatial distribution of AGP in the plant organs and tissues of carnivorous plants during their carnivorous cycle. The Dionaea muscipula trap forms an "external stomach" and is equipped with an effective digestive-absorbing system.

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Homogalacturonans and Hemicelluloses in the Placentas, Ovules and Female Gametophytes of during Pollination.

is a large carnivorous plant that is endemic to Brazil. It forms an extra-ovular female gametophyte, which surpasses the entire micropylar canal and extends beyond the limit of the integument and invades the placenta tissues. Due to the atypical behavior of the female gametophyte, it is interesting to determine the interaction between the gametophyte and sporophytic tissue.

A Historical Perspective of Bladderworts (): Traps, Carnivory and Body Architecture.

The genus includes around 250 species of carnivorous plants, commonly known as bladderworts. The generic name was coined by Carolus Linnaeus in reference to the carnivorous organs ( in Latin) present in all species of the genus. Since the formal proposition by Linnaeus, many species of were described, but only scarce information about the biology for most species is known.

Senescent cells in rabbit, nutria and chinchilla testes-Results from histochemical and immunohistochemical studies.

Rabbit, nutria and chinchilla testes were evaluated to compare testicular cellular senescence. There were no major species-specific differences in structure of either seminiferous tubules or interstitial tissue. There, however, were occasional abnormalities in seminiferous tubule structure with there being multinucleated and exfoliated cells present in rabbit testes.

Immunodetection of Pectic Epitopes, Arabinogalactan Proteins, and Extensins in Mucilage Cells from the Ovules of Vaill. and Agg. (Asteraceae).

The main aim of this study was to compare the cytological difference between ovular mucilage cells in two Asteraceae species- and -in order to determine whether pectic epitopes, arabinogalactan proteins, or extensins are present. The immunocytochemical technique was used. Both the and genera have been used recently as models for understanding the mechanisms of apomixis.

Do food trichomes occur in Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae) flowers?

Background And Aims: Floral food bodies (including edible trichomes) are a form of floral reward for pollinators. This type of nutritive reward has been recorded in several angiosperm families: Annonaceae, Araceae, Calycanthaceae, Eupomatiaceae, Himantandraceae, Nymphaeaceae, Orchidaceae, Pandanaceae and Winteraceae. Although these bodies are very diverse in their structure, their cells contain food material: starch grains, protein bodies or lipid droplets.

The Structure and Occurrence of a Velum in Traps ().

Bladderworts (, , Lamiales) are carnivorous plants that form small suction traps (bladders) for catching invertebrates. The velum is a cuticle structure that is produced by specialized trichomes of the threshold pavement epithelium. It is believed that the velum together with the mucilage seals the free edge of the trap door and that it is necessary for correct functioning of the trap.

Floral micromorphology of the bird-pollinated carnivorous plant species Utricularia menziesii R.Br. (Lentibulariaceae).

Background And Aims: Bird pollination is rare among species in the genus Utricularia, and has evolved independently in two lineages of this genus. In Western Australia, the Western Spinebill, Acanthorhynchus superciliosus, visits flowers of Utricularia menziesii (section Pleiochasia: subgenus Polypompholyx). This study aimed to examine the micromorphology of U.

Integument cell gelatinisation-the fate of the integumentary cells in Hieracium and Pilosella (Asteraceae).

Members of the genera Hieracium and Pilosella are model plants that are used to study the mechanisms of apomixis. In order to have a proper understanding of apomixis, knowledge about the relationship between the maternal tissue and the gametophyte is needed. In the genus Pilosella, previous authors have described the specific process of the "liquefaction" of the integument cells that surround the embryo sac.

Are obligatory apomicts invested in the pollen tube transmitting tissue? Comparison of the micropyle ultrastructure between sexual and apomictic dandelions (Asteraceae, Lactuceae).

With the exception of the sunflower, little information concerning the micropyle ultrastructure of the family Asteraceae is available. The aim of our study was to compare the micropyle structure in amphimictic and apomictic dandelions. Ultrastructural studies using buds and flowers during anthesis have been done on the micropyle of the sexual and apomictic Taraxacum.

The predictive value of radiostereometric analysis for stem survival in total hip arthroplasty. A systematic review.

Background: The high precision of radiostereometric analysis (RSA) has enabled us to predict long-term implant survival with a small sample of patients followed for a relatively short period of time. The purpose of our systematic review was to validate the predictive value of two-year RSA results on long-term survival of different types of primary total hip arthroplasty stems.

Methods: We systematically reviewed literature to determine the maximum total point motion (MTPM), distal migration and rotation of stem designs and correlated these values to survival rates for aseptic loosening of these specific stems in arthroplasty registries.