Hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children - epidemiological overview of cases reported in Europe, 1 January to 16 June 2022.

Following the report of an excess in paediatric cases of severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology by the United Kingdom (UK) on 5 April 2022, 427 cases were reported from 20 countries in the World Health Organization European Region to the European Surveillance System TESSy from 1 January 2022 to 16 June 2022. Here, we analysed demographic, epidemiological, clinical and microbiological data available in TESSy. Of the reported cases, 77.

Shigellosis in Poland in 2018-2019.

Aim: The purpose of this study is evaluation of the epidemiological situation of shigellosis in Poland in years 2018-2019, comparing to previous years.

Materials And Methods: The evaluation of epidemiological situation of shigellosis in Poland was based on analysis of data from epidemiological surveillance collected in questionnaires and sent to the Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance NIPH NIH-NRI by sanitary stations. Once a case was reported on a ZLK-1 and/or ZLB-1 form to the appropriate State Sanitary Inspector, an epidemiological investigation was conducted by collecting additional information from medical records and from the patient interview.

Variables Determining Higher Home Care Effectiveness in Patients with Chronic Cardiovascular Disease.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the variables that influence the effectiveness of home care in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease and their informal caregivers. The study was conducted in 193 patients and their 161 informal caregivers. The study used the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Questionnaire, the health behavior inventory questionnaire (HBI), the Camberwell assessment of need short appraisal schedule (CANSAS) and the hospital anxiety and depression scale-modified (HADS-M) version.

The Analysis of the Relationship between the Quality of Life Level and Expectations of Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases under the Home Care of Primary Care Nurses.

The World Health Organization defines quality of life as a person's perception of his or her life situation in relation to the culture and value system in which he or she lives, in relation to and with respect to his or her functioning assumptions, expectations, and standards set by environmental conditions. Meeting the expectations of patients with CVD is one of the factors that positively influences their health status and leads to better diagnostic and treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to answer three main questions related to patients with chronic cardiovascular disease: (1) What is their quality of life? (2) Are patients' expectations about the quality of care provided by primary health care physicians/nurses met (and at what level)? (3) Is there a correlation between patients' quality of life and their expectations of primary health care physicians/nurses? The study involved 193 Polish CVD patients who were cared for at home by a family nurse practitioner working in primary health care facilities.

Foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in the years 2018-2020.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to assess the epidemiological situation of foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in the years 2018-2020.

Materials And Methods: The evaluation was based on the analysis of information sent to Department of Epidemiology NIPH NIH - NRI through ROE (pol. Rejestr Ognisk Epidemicznych) - an electronic system created for uploading, transfer and analysis of data acquired during the outbreak investigations.

Factors Differentiating Rural and Urban Population in Determining Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Chronic Cardiovascular Disease: A Pilot Study.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze selected variables differentiating rural from urban populations, as well as identify potentially increased levels of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease. The study was carried out in 193 patients. The study used the Camberwell Assessment of Need Short Appraisal Schedule (CANSAS), the Health Behavior Inventory Questionnaire (HBI), the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Modified Version (HADS-M).

Needs, Aggravation, and Degree of Burnout in Informal Caregivers of Patients with Chronic Cardiovascular Disease.

This study aimed to answer three main questions with respect to home caregivers for people with cardiovascular disease: (1) Are the needs of home caregivers being met (and at what level)?; (2) what is the level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment of home caregivers?; (3) what sociodemographic variables of home caregivers are related to unmet needs and level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment? The study used the Camberwell Modified Needs Assessment questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire. This study reports on 161 informal home caregivers of patients with cardiovascular disease. We found that younger caregivers were less likely to report unmet needs ( = 0.

Hepatitis A in Poland in 2016.

Aim: The aim of this article is to assess the epidemiological situation of Hepatitis A in Poland in 2016 with the regard to the recent years.

Materials And Methods: The assessment was conducted based on the results of the analysis of data from the bulletins “Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2016” and “Vaccinations in Poland in 2016”, as well as information from the individual case- questionnaires and reports from epidemiological investigations in outbreaks of hepatitis A, submitted by the sanitary-epidemiological stations to the Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance in NIPH-NIH.

Results: In 2016 in Poland there were 35 cases of hepatitis A registered.

Foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in 2016.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to assess the epidemiological situation of food poisonings and infections in Poland in 2016.

Materials And Methods: The evaluation was based on the analysis of information sent to Department of Epidemiology NIPH-NIH through ROE (Pol. Rejestr Ognisk Epidemicznych)- (an electronic system created for uploading, transfer and analysis of data acquired during the outbreak investigations).

Hepatitis A in Poland in 2017 - epidemic increase cases.

Aim: The aim of this article is to describe and assess changes in epidemiological situation of Hepatitis A in Poland in 2017.

Materials And Methods: The assessment was based on the information from the individual case questionnaires, aggregated data from the bulletins “Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2017” and reports from epidemiological investigations in outbreaks of hepatitis A, submitted by the sanitary-epidemiological stations to the Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance in NIPH-NIH.

Results: In 2017 a large increase of HAV cases and hepatitis A incidence was observed in Poland (3006 cases, incidence 7.

Shigellosis in Poland in 2013-2017.

Aim: The purpose of this study evaluation of the epidemiological situation of shigellosis in Poland in years 2013-2017.

Materials And Methods: The evaluation was based on analysis of : data gathered and sent to Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance in NIPH-NIH by local and voivodeship sanitary stations in the form of epidemiological questionnaires. It was also based on aggregated data from annual bulletins “Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland” as well as data from shigellosis outbreaks acquired through ROE system (an electronic system created for uploading, transfer and analysis of data from the outbreak investigations).

Foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in 2017.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to assess the epidemiological situation of food poisonings and infections in Poland in 2017.

Materials And Methods: The evaluation was based on the analysis of information sent to Department of Epidemiology NIPH-NIH through ROE (pol. Rejestr Ognisk Epidemicznych)- (an electronic system created for uploading, transfer and analysis of data acquired during the outbreak investigations).

Foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in 2015.

Aim: The purpose of the study is to assess the epidemiological situation of food poisonings and infections in Poland in 2015

Materials And Methods: The evaluation was based on the analysis of information sent to Department of Epidemiology NIPH-NIH through ROE (Pol. Rejestr Ognisk Epidemicznych)- (an electronic system created for uploading, transfer and analysis of data acquired during the outbreak investigations). Additional sources for the analysis were NIZP-PZH annual bulletins (Czarkowski MP et al.

Hepatitis A in Poland in 2015.

Aim: The aim of this article is to assess the epidemiological situation of Hepatitis A in Poland in 2015 with the regard to the recent years.

Materials And Methods: The assessment was conducted based on the results of the analysis of data from the bulletins “Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2015” and “Vaccinations in Poland in 2015”, as well as information from the individual cases questionnaires and reports of epidemiological investigations in outbreaks of hepatitis A, submitted by the sanitary-epidemiological stations to the Department of Epidemiology in NIPH-NIH.

Results: In 2015 in Poland there were 49 cases of hepatitis A registered.

Poliomyelitis eradication – the review of notifications from the years 2010-2016 sent to National IHR Focal Point.

Polio eradication programme was launched after World Health Assembly in 1988. Despite considerable decrease in reported cases it still constitutes a significant public health threat. All WHO member state is bound to appoint National IHR Focal Point, which operates based on International Health Regulations (2005), which were enacted during the World Health Assembly in 2005.

Foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in 2014.

Aim: The purpose of the study is to assess the epidemiological situation of food poisonings and infections in Poland in 2014.

Materials And Methods: The evaluation was based on the analysis of information sent to Department of Epidemiology NIPH-NIH through ROE (Pol. Rejestr Ognisk Epidemicznych)- an electronic system created for uploading, transfer and analysis of data acquired during the outbreak investigations).

Hepatitis A in Poland in 2014.

Aim: The aim of this article is to assess the epidemiological situation of hepatitis A in Poland in 2014 with the regard to the recent years.

Materials And Methods: The assessment was conducted based on the results of the analysis of data from the bulletins “Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland in 2014” and “Vaccinations in Poland in 2014”, as well as information from the individual cases questionnaires and reports of epidemiological investigations in outbreaks of hepatitis A, submitted by the sanitary-epidemiological stations to the Department of Epidemiology in NIPH-NIH.

Results: In 2014 in Poland there were 76 cases of hepatitis A registered.

Foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in 2013.

Aim: The purpose of the study is to assess the epidemiological situation of food poisonings and infections in Poland in 2013.

Materials And Methods: The evaluation was based on the analysis of information from reports of epidemiological investigations in outbreaks of food poisonings and infections, submitted by the sanitary-epidemiological stations to the Department of Epidemiology, NIZP-PZH annual bulletins (Czarkowski MP et al. "Infectious diseases and poisonings in Poland", 2006-2013.

Emerging infectious diseases not covered by routine vaccination in Europe in 2010-2015--the review of WHO and ECDC notifications for the National IHR Focal Point in Poland.

The National IHR Focal Point is a center set up by each Member State of the World Health Organization (WHO) in accordance with the International Health Regulations (2005). The International Health Regulations (IHR) were adopted on 23 May 2005 at the World Health Assembly and entered into force since 15 June 2007 as the legal instrument designed to help protect all countries from uncontrolled international spread of diseases and other urgent public health threats. According to Article 2 of IHR the purpose and scope of these Regulations are to prevent, protect against, control and provide a public health response to the international spread of disease in ways that are commensurate with and restricted to public health risks, and which avoid unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade.