Results of the Nerve Transfers and Secondary Procedures to Restore Shoulder and Elbow Function in Traumatic Upper Brachial Plexus Palsy.

Damage to the upper trunk of the brachial plexus, often caused by high-energy trauma, leads to significant functional impairment of the upper limb. This injury primarily affects the C5 and C6 roots, resulting in paralysis of muscles critical for shoulder and elbow function. If spontaneous nerve regeneration does not occur within 3-6 months post-injury, surgical intervention, including nerve transfers, is recommended to restore function.

The availability of common patient-reported outcome measures in hand surgery across Europe.

Many European healthcare systems emphasize value-based care to improve outcomes and control costs. Assessing function and satisfaction in hand surgery relies on patient reported outcome measures. This study evaluates the use of these outcome measures across Europe, focusing on diversity and language validation.

Population Norms for Hand Grip and Precision Grip Strengths in Polish Children and Adolescents Aged 3-19.

Normative data on hand and precision grip strengths are essential for evaluating the level of development, the efficacy of rehabilitation, and treatment results. The need for established norms of grip strength in Polish children is one of the problems that Polish physiotherapists and physicians face when treating upper limbs. The aim was to establish normative values of hand and precision grips strengths in Polish children and adolescents aged 3-19.

Stabilization of the hypoplastic thumb type Blauth IIIB using a non-vascularized proximal interphalangeal joint from the toe as an alternative reconstruction when pollicization is not accepted: Description of the surgical technique.

Background: A Blauth IIIB hypoplastic thumb is a significant functional and cosmetic problem for the developing hand in children. The gold standard in treatment is amputation and index pollicization. Despite the good functional results, some parents do not consent to the operation, mainly for cosmetic reasons.

Current perspectives on peripheral nerve repair and management of the nerve gap.

From the first surgical repair of a nerve in the 6th century, progress in the field of peripheral nerve surgery has marched on; at first slowly but today at great pace. Whether performing primary neurorrhaphy or managing multiple large nerve defects, the modern nerve surgeon has an extensive range of tools, techniques and choices available to them. Continuous innovation in surgical equipment and technique has enabled the maturation of autografting as a gold standard for reconstruction and welcomed the era of nerve transfer techniques all while bioengineers have continued to add to our armamentarium with implantable devices, such as conduits and acellular allografts.

Biomechanical evaluation of the wrist after scaphotrapeziotrapezoid arthrodesis.

Background: The main objective of the present study was to present the biomechanical properties of the wrist in patients who underwent scaphotrapeziotrapezoid arthrodesis when compared to a healthy control hand.

Methods: The study group consisted of 29 consecutive patients who underwent a scaphotrapeziotrapezoid wrist arthrodesis at least 1 year before the research onset. Both hands of all patients were examined in 4 main categories.

Hand and wrist - what the hand surgeon wants to know from the radiologist.

Hand surgeons, as unique specialists, appreciate the complexity of the anatomy of the hand. A hand is not merely a group of anatomic structures but a separate organ that works by feeling, sending information to the brain, and enabling a variety of movements, from precise skills to firm tasks. Acute and chronic problems interfere with complicated hand function and potentially influence work or daily life activities for a long time.

Assessing complications and functional outcomes in proximal humerus fracture management: a retrospective comparison between conservative and intramedullary nailing treatments.

Introduction: Fractures of the proximal end of the humerus (FPH) are the second most common fractures in the upper limb after fractures of the distal radius and are two to three times as common in women than in men. Therefore, the main objective of the present study was to compare and analyze the complications and the functional outcomes in patients with displaced FPH receiving conservative and surgical treatments with intramedullary nailing.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to establish the differences in complications risks between surgical and non-surgical treatment of the FPH.

Delayed Surgical Treatment in Patients with Chronic Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Is Still Effective in the Improvement of Hand Function.

: Severe carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common compression neuropathy in the upper extremities treated conservatively; later, when advanced, CTS is treated mostly surgically. The most prevalent symptoms comprise numbness, as well as sensation loss in the thumb, index, and middle finger, and thenar muscle strength loss, resulting in impaired daily functioning for patients. Data on the results of CTS treatment in patients with delayed surgical intervention are scarce.

End-to-Side vs. Free Graft Nerve Reconstruction-Experimental Study on Rats.

The long history of regeneration nerve research indicates many clinical problems with surgical reconstruction to be resolved. One of the promising surgical techniques in specific clinical conditions is end-to-side neurorrhaphy (ETS), described and then repeated with different efficiency in the 1990s of the twentieth century. There are no reliable data on the quality of recipient nerve regeneration, possible donor nerve damage, and epineural window technique necessary to be performed.

Temporary Occlusion of Common Carotid Arteries Does Not Evoke Total Inhibition in the Activity of Corticospinal Tract Neurons in Experimental Conditions.

Temporary occlusion of the common cervical artery is the reason for ischemic stroke in 25% of patients. Little data is provided on its effects, especially regarding neurophysiological studies verifying the neural efferent transmission within fibers of the corticospinal tract in experimental conditions. Studies were performed on 42 male Wistar rats.

Interdisciplinary consensus statements on imaging of DRUJ instability and TFCC injuries.

Objectives: The purpose of this agreement was to establish evidence-based consensus statements on imaging of distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries by an expert group using the Delphi technique.

Methods: Nineteen hand surgeons developed a preliminary list of questions on DRUJ instability and TFCC injuries. Radiologists created statements based on the literature and the authors' clinical experience.

The Usefulness of Motor Potentials Evoked Transvertebrally at Lumbar Levels for the Evaluation of Peroneal Nerve Regeneration after Experimental Repair in Rats.

Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) are used in neurology as part of a precise diagnostic method to study the transmission of efferent neural impulses at the central and peripheral levels of the nervous system. Previous attempts have been made to apply MEPs in animal studies for evaluating neural transmission at the motor cortex center level to the muscles of the forelimbs and hindlimbs. In clinical and experimental studies, little attention is focused on the significance of the magnetic stimulation of spinal cord structures with the direct recording of the evoked potentials from peripheral nerve motor fibers.

Evaluation of the ulna lengthening by distraction osteogenesis in congenital radial deficiency.

Purpose: Publications evaluating the results of the ulna lengthening in congenital radial deficiency are based only on small groups of subjects which yield statistical studies of low scientific value. The aim was to examine the effectiveness of ulna lengthening in radial longitudinal deficiency and determine the number and quality of complications based on one of the most numerous study groups described in the literature.

Methods: The material consists of a study group with 31 upper limbs of unmatured patients diagnosed with type III and IV radial longitudinal deficiency.

The influence of shoulder arthrodesis on the function of the upper limb in adult patients after a brachial plexus injury: a systematic literature review with elements of meta-analysis.

Based on the literature, 294 shoulder arthrodeses after brachial plexus injury in adults were assessed, mostly male; the mean age of the patients was 33 years, and the mean follow-up time was 5.5 years. The most common cause of injury was a traffic accident, especially on a motorcycle.

Interdisciplinary consensus statements on imaging of scapholunate joint instability.

Objectives: The purpose of this agreement was to establish evidence-based consensus statements on imaging of scapholunate joint (SLJ) instability by an expert group using the Delphi technique.

Methods: Nineteen hand surgeons developed a preliminary list of questions on SLJ instability. Radiologists created statements based on the literature and the authors' clinical experience.

Assessment of training and selected factors on speed and quality of performing different tasks on the endoscopic simulator.

Introduction: One of the most significant challenges nowadays is to educate and predict the predispositions of young surgeons taking into consideration that every ability has its own learning curve.

Aim: To determine the influence of selected factors and examine the shape and the length of the learning curve in performing simple tasks on an endoscopic simulator.

Material And Methods: Twenty students took part in 4 training sessions with a one-week break between sessions.

Factors affecting the final outcomes after reconstruction of the median and ulnar nerve at the level of the forearm: Analysis of 41 patients.

Background: Upper extremity injuries have a significant impact on social and professional life. They represent about 10% of visits to emergency departments. Nerve lacerations are one of the biggest problem because loss of innervation results in muscle atrophy, decreased sensibility, and therefore permanent dysfunction.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Hyaluronic Acid Injections in Treatment of Small Joint Osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis is an incurable, progressive, degenerative and debilitating joint disease, characterized by pain, stiffness and limitation of joint mobility. Treatment is limited to symptom management and includes pharmaco- and physiotherapy, rehabilitation and surgery.

Objective: To evaluate safety and effectiveness of a selected hyaluronic acid injectable in the treatment of small joint osteoarthritis.

Biomechanical properties of alternative suture technique for flexor tendon repair.

Purpose: Flexor injuries are most common in the hand and require special attention and experience from the surgeon. Both quality and technique affect the stability of the suture. The selection of the optimum method will influence the process of rehabilitation.

Polish Adaptation of Wrist Evaluation Questionnaires.

Background: Questionnaires evaluating hand and wrist function are a very useful tool allowing for objective and systematic recording of symptoms reported by the patients. Most questionnaires generally accepted in clinical practice are available in English and need to be appropriately adapted in translation and undergo subsequent validation before they can be used in another culture and language.

Material And Methods: The process of translation of the questionnaires was based on the generally accepted guidelines of the International Quality of Life Assessment Project (IQOLA).

Structures and phase transitions in a new ferroelectric -- pyridinium chlorochromate -- studied by X-ray diffraction, DSC and dielectric methods.

Pyridinium chlorochromate, [C(5)H(5)NH](+)[ClCrO(3)](-) (hereafter referred to as PyClCrO(3)), was studied by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dielectric methods. Studies reveal three reversible phase transitions at 346, 316 and 170 K with the following phase sequence: R ̅3m (I) → R3m (II) → Cm (III) → Cc (IV), c' = 2c. PyClCrO(3) is the first pyridinium salt in which all four phases have been successfully characterized by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction method.

[Influence of tendon surgery training on the quality of the suture].

Injuries of flexor tendons are one of the most common injuries that need surgical treatment at emergency room. Technique and quality of the surgery was performed are two factors of the utmost importance. The aim of the study was to determine influence of basic surgical training on the quality of suture.