Excessive laxity of connective tissue in constipated children.

Excessive laxity of the connective tissue refers to a group of inherited abnormalities manifested by disturbances in the functioning of internal organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. Increased susceptibility to stretching of the distal part of the large intestine and abnormal colonic motor function could explain the predisposition to the development of functional constipation in some children. Our aim was to determine whether patients with functional constipation are more likely to be characterized by congenital laxity of connective tissue compared to the population of healthy children.

Bovine Lactoferrin in the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common adverse reaction to antibiotic treatment affecting up to 21% of children. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether bovine lactoferrin (bLf) might be used for AAD prevention. In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center study, we enrolled 156 children aged between 1 and 18 years, treated with antibiotic due to acute respiratory or urinary tract infection.

Faecal Microbiota Transfer - a new concept for treating cytomegalovirus colitis in children with ulcerative colitis.

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is reactivated by the use of immunosuppressive drugs. CMV infection may produce IBD flares refractory to standard therapy.

Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the treatment of CMV colitis in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) flare.

Antibiotic therapy for an ENT specialist.

The study dedicated mainly to general practitioners of ENTs discusses the principles of antibiotic therapy of the most common diseases that this specialty deals with, namely acute tonsillitis and throat inflammation, acute otitis media (AOM), and acute sinusitis. The most common errors in the antibiotic therapy of these diseases are also presented. The basic antibiotic in streptococcal pharyngitis is and remains oral penicillin administered for 10 days.

A Two-Week Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Course in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Dysbiosis plays a major role in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a new promising option for IBD treatment. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of a two-week FMT course in children with IBD.

Clear Liquid Versus Low-fibre Diet in Bowel Cleansing for Colonoscopy in Children: A Randomized Trial.

Objectives: In light of a paucity of data on the role of diet in colonoscopy preparation in paediatric population, the present study was designed to compare the effectiveness of clear liquid and low-fibre diets for breakfast and lunch on the day preceding colonoscopy in children.

Methods: This prospective, randomised trial was conducted at the Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition in Warsaw, Poland. Eligible patients, referred for colonoscopies, were 6 to 18 years old.

Metronidazole or Rifaximin for Treatment of Clostridium difficile in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Interestingly, Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) worsens the course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, there is a paucity of data regarding the treatment of CDI in this group of patients.

Methods: This was a prospective, single-blind trial. Children with flare of IBD and CDI were randomly assigned to receive metronidazole or rifaximin orally for 14 days.

Dietary Fiber Intake in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to estimate intake of total dietary fiber, and its soluble and insoluble fractions, by children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in comparison with healthy controls.

Methods: This was a prospective controlled study on children with IBD. Food consumption data were collected by using the 3-day diet record.

Safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of two investigational pneumococcal protein-based vaccines: Results from a randomized phase II study in infants.

Introduction: Vaccination with formulations containing pneumococcal protein antigens such as pneumolysin toxoid (dPly) and histidine-triad protein D (PhtD) may extend serotype-related protection of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) against Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Methods: This phase II, multi-center, observer-blind trial conducted in Europe (NCT01204658) assessed 2 investigational vaccines containing 10 serotype-specific polysaccharide conjugates of PHiD-CV and either 10 or 30µg of dPly and PhtD each. Infants randomized 1:1:1:1 received 4 doses of PHiD-CV/dPly/PhtD-10, PHiD-CV/dPly/PhtD-30, PHiD-CV, or 13-valent PCV (PCV13), co-administered with DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib, at ages ∼2, 3, 4 and 12-15months.

Immunogenicity of Pertussis Booster Vaccination in Children and Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Controlled Study.

Background: There are limited data on antibody response to vaccination in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we aimed to assess the immunogenicity of a booster dose of pertussis vaccine in pediatric patients with IBD and to compare their response with healthy controls.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, prospective, and controlled trial.

Genetic architecture differences between pediatric and adult-onset inflammatory bowel diseases in the Polish population.

Most inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are classic complex disorders represented by common alleles. Here we aimed to define the genetic architecture of pediatric and adult-onset IBDs for the Polish population. A total of 1495 patients were recruited, including 761 patients with Crohn's disease (CD; 424 pediatric), 734 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC; 390 pediatric), and 934 healthy controls.

Trends in Hospitalization of Children with Bacterial Pneumonia in Poland.

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the hospitalization trends in children aged 0-6 suffering from bacterial pneumonia in the years 2007-2011 in Poland.

Methods: The data pertained to the hospitalized patients diagnosed with the diseases registered as J13-J15 according to ICD-10.

Results: In the years 2007-2011, the hospitalization rate increased from 16.

Endoscopic therapy of oesophageal strictures in children - a multicentre study.

Introduction: Oesophageal strictures are rare in children but may require endoscopic dilation.

Aim: To gather information on centres performing endoscopic oesophageal dilation in Poland.

Material And Methods: The data were obtained from questionnaires concerning the relevant data mailed to 22 paediatric endoscopy centres.

Serotype-Specific Pneumococcal Status prior to PCV 13 Administration in Children and Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the serotype-specific pneumococcal status of children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who were naïve to pneumococcal vaccination before administering the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV 13). This was an open, prospective study on children and adolescents aged 5-18 years who had IBD and were naïve to pneumococcal vaccination. A single dose of PCV 13 was administered to each patient.

Trichotillomania and trichophagia - diagnosis, treatment, prevention. The attempt to establish guidelines of treatment in Poland.

Trichotillomania is a disorder characterised by inability to control over pulling own hair from various parts of a body resulting in noticeable hair loss. Due to its long-term, progressive course, untreated trichotillomania can lead to disturbances in the functioning of patients and complications which are dangerous to life and health. Due to the ambiguous nature of the symptoms, they often remain unrecognised by clinicians.

Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Serotype f Case Reports in Mazovia Province, Poland.

After successful introduction of anti-Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) serotype b vaccination program in Poland, invasive non-b or nontypeable H. influenzae infections have been reported more frequently alike in other countries all over the world. In this paper, we report 2 cases of H.

Values From Three-dimensional High-resolution Anorectal Manometry Analysis of Children Without Lower Gastrointestinal Symptoms.

Background & Aims: Three-dimensional high-resolution anorectal manometry (3DHRAM) provides a topographic image of pressure along the anal canal. We aimed to determine normal 3DHRAM values in children.

Methods: We performed a prospective study of 61 children (34 male; mean age, 8.

The role of dietary fibre in inflammatory bowel disease.

The aetiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which are primarily Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, still remains unclear, while the incidence of IBD is constantly increasing, especially in the industrialised countries. Among genetic, environmental, and immunological factors, changes in the composition of the intestinal microflora and diet are indicated as very important in initiating and sustaining inflammation in patients with IBD. Above all nutrients dietary fibre is an especially important component of diet in the context of IBD.

Overweight and obesity in children with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease.

Purpose: Determination of overweight and obesity prevalence in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) at the time of diagnosis.

Material And Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study. The study group consisted of children with new cases of IBD diagnosed in 2005-2013 according to the Porto criteria.

3D high-definition manometry in evaluation of children after surgery for Hirschsprung's disease: A pilot study.

Purpose: Anorectal 3-dimensional high definition manometry (3D HRM) could be the best tool for postoperative assessment of restorative surgical procedures for Hirschsprung's disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate patients after surgery for Hirschsprung's disease using 3D HRM.

Materials And Methods: Anorectal function was evaluated using solid state 3D HRM.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Children with Cystic Fibrosis.

Previously published studies have indicated that gastroesophageal reflux (GER) disease is common in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to get insight into the incidence of GER and to characterize the nature of reflux episodes in children with cystic fibrosis. This was a multicenter, prospective study of children with cystic fibrosis older than 18 months.

Value of Antral Nodularity for the Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children.

Background: The aim of this study was to confirm the role of antral nodularity in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in children.

Material And Methods: This prospective study included 107 children (58 male; 54.

Propofol-alfentanyl versus midazolam-alfentanyl in inducing procedural amnesia of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in children--blind randomised trial.

Unlabelled: In paediatric patients, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is commonly performed with the use of sedation. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of propofol and midazolam in providing procedural amnesia and controlling behaviour in children undergoing diagnostic EGD. Children (9-16 years), classified to the first or second class of the American Society of Anaesthesiologists' physical status classification referred for EGD, were randomly assigned to receive propofol with alfentanyl or midazolam with alfentanyl for sedation during the procedure.

Immunogenicity of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: There are only a few studies on immune response to pneumococcal vaccines in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); all of them assessed polysaccharide vaccines only. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in IBD pediatric patients compared with healthy controls.

Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, and controlled study on children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years with IBD with no history of pneumococcal immunization.