Systems Approach to Study Associations between OxLDL and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.

Although abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common vascular disease and is associated with high mortality, the full pathogenesis of AAA remains unknown to researchers. Abdominal aortic aneurysms and atherosclerosis are strongly related. Currently, it is more often suggested that development of AAA is not a result of atherosclerosis, however, individual factors can act independently or synergistically with atherosclerosis.

[The impact of chromatin modification on the development of chronic complications in patients with diabetes].

Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease. Over 347 million people worldwide have diabetes. Chronic complications (retinopathy, nephropathy or neuropathy) are the major dangerous outcome of this disease.

Association investigation of rs3757247 and rs4880 polymorphisms with the type 1 diabetes and diabetes long-term complications risk in the Polish population.

Genetic factors are indicated in the development of type 1 diabetes (DM1). Recently, nucleotide variants of and have been associated with this chronic condition. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the contribution of rs3757247 and rs4880 (Ala16Val) polymorphisms to the risk of DM1 and diabetes long-term complications.

Role of epigenetic mechanisms in the development of chronic complications of diabetes.

There is growing evidence that epigenetic regulation of gene expression including post-translational histone modifications (PTHMs), DNA methylation and microRNA (miRNA)-regulation of mRNA translation could play a crucial role in the development of chronic, diabetic complications. Hyperglycemia can induce an abnormal action of PTHMs and DNA methyltransferases as well as alter the levels of numerous miRNAs in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, retina, and renal cells. These epigenetic abnormalities result in changes in the expression of numerous genes contributing to effects such as development of chronic inflammation, impaired clearance of reactive oxygen species (ROS), endothelial cell dysfunction and/or the accumulation of extracellular matrix in the kidney, which causing the development of retinopathy, nephropathy or cardiomyopathy.

Expression of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from patients with type 1 diabetes with and without microvascular complications.

Introduction: One of the causes of impaired antioxidant response in patients with type 1 diabetes might be decreased expression of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of MnSOD on transcript and protein levels in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) from patients with type 1 diabetes and analyze its association with microvascular complications.

Patients And Methods: The MnSOD expression was assessed in PMNLs from 46 patients with type 1 diabetes and 12 age- and sex -matched healthy subjects.

Effect of surgical treatment on lipid peroxidation parameters and antioxidant status in the serum of patients with peripheral arterial disease.

The various risk factors for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) are almost identical to those for atherosclerosis and include abnormal levels of lipids or lipoproteins. Lipid peroxidation parameters and total antioxidant capacity in the serum of male patients with PAD before surgery as well as 3-5 days and 7-10 days after surgery were measured. We also compared these parameters with those in a group of patients receiving simvastatin therapy.

Association between IL-6 concentration and diabetes-related variables in DM1 patients with and without microvascular complications.

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) plays an important role in the initiation and acceleration of chronic inflammation and could contribute to development of microvascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes (DM1). Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the association between concentration of IL-6 in relation to glucose control, lipid profile, and body mass index (BMI) in 69 DM1 patients subdivided according to the absence or presence of microvascular complications. BMI, level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and concentrations of total cholesterol (TCH), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), and IL-6 were higher in DM1 patients compared to the control group.

Does oxidized LDL contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation and microvascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes?

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate whether changes in the level of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) over 2-years contribute to the development of subclinical macroangiopathy and/or microvascular complications in patients with DM1.

Design And Methods: Basic clinical and biochemical parameters and oxLDL level were measured in 70 patients at baseline and after 2 years of the study. In addition, an ultrasonographic study was performed to assess the carotid intima media thickness (IMT).

Evaluation of paraoxonase 1 arylesterase activity and lipid peroxide levels in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Introduction: Poor metabolic control of type 1 diabetes is one of the most important factors accelerating the development of late diabetic complications. Several other factors that might contribute to this process are currently being investigated. Low paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and high lipid peroxide (LPO) levels contribute to endothelial damage, but it remains unclear whether they are critical for the development of late diabetic complications.

Relation of salivary antioxidant status and cytokine levels to clinical parameters of oral health in pregnant women with diabetes.

Objective: Both pregnancy and diabetes are thought to predispose to the impairment of oral health. As saliva contributes to oral homeostasis, we have characterised its properties and flow rate in pregnant women with or without diabetes.

Design: Unstimulated whole mixed saliva was collected from 63 women in the first trimester of pregnancy and analysed for the concentration of selected antioxidants, cytokines, and growth factors.

The relationship between concentrations of magnesium and oxidized low density lipoprotein and the activity of platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase in the serum of patients with type 1 diabetes.

The study was aimed at comparing the concentration of metabolic parameters, the serum concentration of oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxLDL) and the activity of platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) in the relation to the serum concentration of magnesium (Mg) in patients with type 1 diabetes (DM1). DM1 patients (n=78) were divided into 2 groups: patients with low serum Mg concentration (<0.7 mmol/L, group 1, n=34) and patients with reference levels of Mg (>or=0.

The evaluation of IL-12 concentration, PAF-AH, and PLA(2) activity in patients with type 1 diabetes treated with intensive insulin therapy.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the concentration of interleukin 12 (IL-12), the activity of phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)), and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) in type 1 diabetes (DM1) patients treated with intensive insulin therapy.

Design And Methods: Studied parameters were measured in 81 patients, who were subdivided according to the HbA(1)c value, hsCRP concentration, and presence or absence of late complications.

Results: PAF-AH activity was higher in the DM1 patients versus the control group (P=0.

Serum magnesium, copper and zinc concentration changes in lower limb ischemia and postoperative treatment.

A prolonged state of ischemia of the lower limbs may affect the balance of some metal ion concentrations in blood. Ischemia of a critical degree, surgery and complicated postoperative periods invoke an inflammatory response, increased production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and acute phase proteins (APhP) as a response to tissue destruction. The aim of the present study was to investigate the modification of Mg, Cu and Zn concentrations in the serum of patients with atherosclerosis obliterans (AO) before surgery and during the postoperative treatment, and the effect of chronic ischemia of the lower limbs on the relationship between the elements.

Acamprosate involvement in triacylglycerol hydrolysis and transacylation with cholesterol in chronically ethanol-drinking rats.

Acamprosate (AC) is used as a drug for treating alcoholism. We evaluated the effect of AC on serum triacylglycerol hydrolysis (GEH, glycerol ester hydrolysis), triacylglycerol transacylation with cholesterol (GECAT, glycerol ester:cholesterol acyltransferase), and acylcholesterol hydrolysis (Cease, cholesterol ester hydrolysis) in an experimental model of alcoholism. Ethanol-preferring (PRF), non-preferring (NPF), and control (CR) male Wistar rats were treated with AC (500 mg/kg, p.

Increased protein carbonyl groups in the serum of men with chronic arterial occlusion and the effect of postoperative treatment.

Background: Critical ischemia leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at concentrations exceeding the body's antioxidant capacity, causing inflammation and necrosis in ischemic tissues. The protein CO group content is presently the most general indicator and commonly used marker of protein oxidation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the concentration of serum CO groups as an effect of protein oxidative damage, and relate it to the activity of ceruloplasmin (Cp).

Effect of simvastatin on trioleylglycerol hydrolysis and transacylation with cholesterol in serum of outpatients with coronary heart disease.

At present, the most effective drugs in treating hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis are the statins, which are potent inhibitors of the rate-limiting enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Serum triacylglycerol (TAG) levels associate positively with the risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). Triacylglycerols are mainly hydrolyzed by the enzyme lipase (glycerol ester hydrolase [GEH], EC 3.

Modifications of magnesium and copper concentrations in serum and arterial wall of patients with vascular diseases related to ageing, atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysm.

Relationship between concentration of Mg and Cu in serum and the arterial wall was studied in patients with atherosclerosis obliterans (AO), aortic aneurysm (AA) and in the control group. The effect of ageing was also evaluated. The results showed increased serum concentration of Cu in the eldest control group (50-59 years) when compared to the younger (20-29 years).

The activity of cholesterol esterase and ceruloplasmin are inversely related in the serum of men with atherosclerosis obliterans.

Background: Ceruloplasmin is a copper-containing (2-glycoprotein and a member of the acute phase reactant family. Parallel changes in ceruloplasmin and copper concentration have been observed in diseases accompanied by severe inflammation, indicating a closely related process. Cholesterol esterase participates in lipoprotein degradation by the hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters in low density lipoproteins (LDL-CE).

The influence of simvastatin on lipase and cholesterol esterase activity in the serum of men with coronary heart disease.

Several studies have demonstrated that any beneficial effects of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins), of which simvastatin (Merck Sharp & Dohme) is an example, on coronary events are linked to their hypocholesterolemic properties. The in vivo effects of simvastatin treatment on lipase (GEH = glycerol ester hydrolase) and cholesterol esterase (CEase) activity in the serum of men with coronary heart disease (CHD) were examined. GEH and CEase activity in the serum of men with CHD, before simvastatin treatment, was lower than in the control subjects.

Prostaglandin E1 influences serum cholesterol esterase and lipase activity in different ways.

The in vitro and in vivo effects of prostaglandin E1 on cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEase) and lipase [glycerol ester hydrolase (GEH)] activity in human serum were examined. Cholesterol esterase and lipase activity in the sera of men with atherosclerosis differed substantially from that in the control subjects. CEase activity was raised and GEH activity suppressed in the serum of men with atherosclerosis compared with controls.

Serum glycerol ester hydrolase activity is related to zinc and copper concentrations in atherosclerosis obliterans and aneurysm.

Although the body status of zinc and copper in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been shown to be important little is known about the effect of these trace element alterations on lipolytic enzyme activities in atherosclerosis human subjects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the multiple relationships between lipase (GEH = glycerol ester hydrolase, EC 3.1.

[Function of platelets in patients with occlusive atherosclerotic arterial disease of the lower extremities].

The platelet function as well as parameters of lipid metabolism and glucose tolerance were investigated in 30 men with occlusive atherosclerotic arterial disease of the low extremities (IIIB or IV Fontaine's stage). The platelet aggregation, platelet survival, activity of intraplatelet metabolism of arachidonic acid, radiofibrinogen binding to platelet, circulating platelet aggregates and both the activity of factor VIII and the concentration of von Willebrand factor antigen in the plasma were measured. In the majority of patients the impairment of platelet aggregation with ADP, enhancement of radiofibrinogen binding to platelets and an increase of factor VIII level in the plasma were established.

The substrate specificity of glycerol ester hydrolase from pig aorta and serum.

The activity of glycerol ester hydrolase (GEH) from aorta wall, at optimum pH and triacylglycerol substrate concentration (optimal for each substrate) decreased in the following order: C18:1 greater than or equal to C18:2 greater than or equal to C18:0 greater than or equal to C18:3 greater than or equal to C16:0. At optimum pH and the same substrate concentration (1 mM), the activity of GEH from aorta wall decreased in a slightly different order: C18:1 greater than or equal to C18:2 greater than or equal to C18:3 greater than C18:0 greater than C16:0 and that of the enzyme from serum in the order: C18:1 = C18:3 greater than C18:2 greater than or equal to C16:0 greater than or equal to C18:0. These differences in substrate affinity of GEH may influence the metabolism and accumulation of acylalcohols and alcohols in arterial wall and serum.

Oleylglycerol hydrolysis and acyl-CoA-independent transacylation with cholesterol by enzyme preparations from pig aorta.

We demonstrated preferential hydrolysis of trioleylglycerol greater than 1.3-dioleylglycerol greater than 1-monooleylglycerol expressed as acyl equivalents of glycerol rather than fatty acid released by pig aortic lipase. Transacylation with cholesterol occurred in the reverse order of the substrates in an appropriate reaction system.

Effects of substrate fatty acids on products of lecithin hydrolysis and acyl-CoA-independent transacylation with cholesterol by aortic enzyme preparations.

The acyl composition of substrates and products of enzymatic hydrolysis and transacylation of lecithin with cholesterol in the arterial wall was investigated. Saturated acyl residues predominated in lysolecithin and unsaturated ones in acids released by hydrolysis of egg lecithin. In the reaction system with cholesterol, saturated acyls predominated in both lysolecithin and acids released whereas unsaturated ones were more abundant in newly formed acylcholesterols.