Education of Patients with Asthma Leading to the Self-management of their Condition? The primary Health Care Providers' Approach.

Unlabelled: Asthma is a chronic non-communicable disease considered a serious health problem worldwide. The Chronic Care Model promotes the self-management of patients' chronic conditions. This process requires an active engagement of health professionals to provide education for patients to manage their disease better.

Development and Validation of a Portable EIT System for Real-Time Respiratory Monitoring.

This work contributes to the improvement of novel medical technologies for the prevention and treatment of diseases. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has gained attention as a valuable tool for non-invasive monitoring providing real-time insights. The purpose of this work is to develop and validate a novel portable EIT system with a small form factor for respiratory monitoring.

Neural Correlates of Telicity in Spanish-Speaking Children with and without Developmental Language Disorder.

Background: It is broadly acknowledged that children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) show verb-related limitations. While most previous studies have focused on tense, the mastery of lexical aspect-particularly telicity-has not been the primary focus of much research. Lexical aspect refers to whether an action has a defined endpoint (telic verbs) or not (atelic verbs).

An online training and feedback module enhances the musculoskeletal examination performance of medical interns.

Background: Pathologies of the locomotor system are frequent and can cause disability and impact the quality of life of the people affected. In recent years, online training and feedback have emerged as learning tools in many fields of medicine.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate medical interns' musculoskeletal examination performance after completing an online training and feedback module.

Comparison of baseline correction algorithms for in vivo H-MRS.

Proton MRS is used clinically to collect localized, quantitative metabolic data from living tissues. However, the presence of baselines in the spectra complicates accurate MRS data quantification. The occurrence of baselines is not specific to short-echo-time MRS data.

A brief tablet-based intervention benefits linguistic and communicative abilities in toddlers and preschoolers.

Young children's linguistic and communicative abilities are foundational for their academic achievement and overall well-being. We present the positive outcomes of a brief tablet-based intervention aimed at teaching toddlers and preschoolers new word-object and letter-sound associations. We conducted two experiments, one involving toddlers ( ~ 24 months old, n = 101) and the other with preschoolers ( ~ 42 months old, n = 152).

Disparities in Child Welfare Referrals for Patients Seen in a Pediatric Emergency Department for Unintentional Ingestions.

Objective: To examine the characteristics of patients visiting the pediatric emergency department (PED) for unintentional ingestions and associations between patient race and ethnicity in referrals to Child Protective Services (CPS) for supervisory neglect.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of children <12 years old who presented to the PED between October 2015 and December 2020 for an unintentional ingestion. Patients were identified by searching the electronic health record for diagnosis codes corresponding to unintentional ingestions.

Oncological Adequacy of Laparoscopic Surgery for Bulky Gastric Cancer: Results of a Western Single-Center Series.

Background: Gastric cancer is increasing worldwide and one million new cases were estimated globally in 2020. Use of the laparoscopic approach is increasing especially for subtotal gastrectomy. However, to date, solid data on locally advanced bulky tumors are lacking.

Deciphering the origin of the first steps in the degradation of azo dyes: a computational study.

Azo dyes find applications across various sectors including food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, printing, and textiles. The contaminating effects of dyes on aquatic environments arise from toxic effects caused by their long-term presence in the environment, buildup in sediments, particularly in aquatic species, degradation of pollutants into mutagenic or mutagenic compounds, and low aerobic biodegradability. Therefore, we theoretically propose the first steps of the degradation of azo dyes based on the interaction of hydroperoxyl radical (•OOH) with the dye.

Differences in Risks for Recurrent Injury and Death Among Survivors of Violence by Homeless Status.

A better understanding of the unique risks for survivors of violence experiencing homelessness could enable more effective intervention methods. The aim of this study was to quantify the risks of death and reinjury for unhoused compared to housed survivors of violent injuries. This retrospective study included a cohort of patients with known housing status presenting to the Boston Medical Center Emergency Department between 2009 and 2018 with a violent penetrating injury.

Disparities in use of physical restraints at an urban, minority-serving hospital emergency department.

Background: Recent reports have identified associations between patient race and ethnicity and use of physical restraint while receiving care in the emergency department (ED). However, no study has assessed this relationship in hospitals primarily treating patients of color and underserved populations. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association between race/ethnicity and the use of restraints in an ED population at a minority-serving, safety-net institution.

Exposure to Neighborhood Racialized Economic Segregation and Reinjury and Violence Perpetration Among Survivors of Violent Injuries.

Importance: Much is unknown about how individual and neighborhood factors converge in the association with risk for violent reinjury and violence perpetration.

Objectives: To investigate the association of exposure to neighborhood racialized economic segregation with reinjury and use of violence against others among survivors of violent penetrating injury.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study was performed using data obtained from hospital, police, and state vital records.

Test-retest reliability of human threat conditioning and generalization across a 1-to-2-week interval.

Given the increasing use of threat conditioning and generalization for clinical-translational research efforts, establishing test-retest reliability of these paradigms is necessary. Specifically, it is an empirical question whether the same participant evinces a similar generalization gradient of conditioned responses across two sessions with the identical contingencies and stimuli. Here, 46 human volunteers participated in an identical auditory threat acquisition and generalization protocol at two sessions separated by 1-to-2 weeks.

Multi-frequency Electrical Impedance Pneumography System as Point-Of-Care Device.

In this work we present the development of a multi-frequency electrical impedance pneumography (EIP) system based on a portable acquisition device and a mobile platform. This design is intended as an upgrade to our previous device for clinical use in the screening of patients with pulmonary diseases. The acquisition device uses the bioimpedance analog front end MAX30001, a mux/demux stage, Bluetooth 4.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Violent Penetrating Injuries and Long-Term Adverse Outcomes.

Violent injury is known to be a chronic, recurrent issue, with high rates of recidivism following initial injury. While the burden of violence is disproportionately felt among young Black men and in communities of color, examination of distinct risk factors and long-term outcomes for other racial and ethnic groups could lead to improved violence intervention strategies. In this study, we examined the risk of violent penetrating injury and long-term adverse outcomes by race and ethnicity.

Implementation of a Novel Home Visiting Nurse Pilot Program for Victims of Violent Penetrating Injury.

Background: Survivors of violent injuries are at risk for readmission, rehospitalization, and reinjury. In 2017, a novel home visiting nurse pilot program was implemented within a hospital-based violence intervention program (HVIP) to address disparities in care and combat the limited health care literacy and access, and the general mistrust of health care institutions among much of this population.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review the design and implementation of the home visiting nurse component of the HVIP and to report the demographics, clinical characteristics, home care needs, and short-term health outcomes of the pilot sample.

Trends in Violent Penetrating Injuries During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Importance: Public health measures instituted to reduce the spread of COVID-19 led to severe disruptions to the structure of daily life, and the resultant social and financial impact may have contributed to an increase in violence.

Objective: To examine the trends in violent penetrating injuries during the first COVID-19 pandemic year compared with previous years.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed to compare the prevalence of violent penetrating injuries during the first COVID-19 pandemic year, March 2020 to February 2021, with the previous 5 years, March 2015 to February 2020.

Carbamazepine Biosensor Development for Epilepsy Patient Screening.

The San Carlos population in Chile is an example of an underserved community due to lack of timely access to regular controls and laboratory results. One particular challenge is the adherence to treatment of Epilepsy patients. In this work, we present the design and proof-of-concept of a Point of Care Device (POCD) to measure carbamazepine levels in saliva to screen for correct dose prescription among epilepsy patients.

Mechanism of penetrating injury mediates the risk of long-term adverse outcomes for survivors of violent trauma.

Background: While hospital-based violence intervention programs are primarily designed to aid youth victims of gun violence at high risk for reinjury, the root causes and complex outcomes of community violence are varied. In this study, we examined the risk factors for violent penetrating injury and how the risk of adverse outcomes for survivors differs by injury type (stabbing vs. gunshot wound).

From egg to embryo in marsupial frogs.

Marsupial frogs (Hemiphractidae) evolved exceptional mechanisms for the conquest of terrestrial life. These adaptations include very large eggs. In some species eggs reach 10mm in diameter, and are considered to be the largest in frogs.

A simple method to estimate the mean number of lipophilic molecules on nanoparticle surfaces by fluorescence measurements.

Measurements of fluorescence intensity of the hydrophobic pyridinium salt (DTPSH) remaining in the organic phase after partition experiments in the DCM/HO system allowed an approximate method to be developed to estimate the mean number of molecules ( = 942) on the surface of 22.8 nm gold nanoparticles and the separation (1.89 nm) between these organic molecules.

Copper Recovery From Ammonia Solutions Through Electro-Electrodialysis (EED).

Alkaline leaching with highly selective ammoniacal complexing agents is an interesting alternative for the treatment of copper concentrates. This treatment is beneficial for copper recovery because it allows the formation of soluble amines complexes, with cupric tetramine ( ) being the most stable. In order to suppress the unit operation of solvent extraction (SX) and move directly to the electrochemical process, an electro-electrodialysis (EED) process using ion exchange membranes to obtain copper is proposed.

Evaluation of cardioprotective effects of carvedilol in dogs receiving doxorubicin chemotherapy: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled pilot study.

The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of carvedilol in dogs receiving doxorubicin chemotherapy and provide suggestions to future studies based on results and limitations of our study. Thirteen dogs were randomized into two experimental groups: 6 dogs in carvedilol group and 7 dogs in placebo group. In carvedilol group, 0.

Boston Violence Intervention Advocacy Program: Challenges and Opportunities for Client Engagement and Goal Achievement.

Objectives: A better understanding of the factors affecting client engagement in hospital-based violence intervention programs (HVIPs), and which types of client needs prove most challenging to achieve, may be of key importance in developing novel, targeted strategies to violence intervention. In this study, we examined the demographics and injury characteristics of violently injured patients by their level of engagement with the Boston Violence Intervention Advocacy Program (VIAP) and determined the degree of client goal achievement through VIAP client services.

Methods: This retrospective study was performed using a cohort of patients presenting to the Boston Medical Center emergency department for a violent penetrating injury due to community violence between 2013 and 2018.