Emergence of Clone with Reduced Susceptibility to Sitafloxacin in China: An In Vitro and Genomic Study.

Drug-resistant poses an urgent threat to public health. Recently, sitafloxacin, a new-generation fluoroquinolone, has shown high in vitro activity against drug-resistant . However, data on its effectiveness in clinical isolates remains limited.

Could ceftriaxone be a viable alternative to penicillin for the treatment of ocular syphilis?

This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of ceftriaxone with that of aqueous crystalline penicillin G in treating ocular syphilis. We conducted a retrospective study from 2010 to 2021. Syphilis patients were administered either ceftriaxone (2 g intravenously daily for 14 days) or aqueous crystalline penicillin G [4 million units (MU) intravenously every 4 h for 14 days] as therapeutic interventions.

An observational prospective study based on a large cohort of HIV-negative neurosyphilis patients with particular reference to the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to outline a complete picture of Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (JHR) in the central nervous system among HIV-negative neurosyphilis patients.

Methods: A prospective study cohort of 772 cases with almost all stages of neurosyphilis depicted the features of JHR including occurrence rate, risk profiles, clinical manifestations, medical management and prognosis.

Results: The total occurrence rate of JHR was 9.

Clinical parameter-based prediction model for neurosyphilis risk stratification.

Accurately predicting neurosyphilis prior to a lumbar puncture (LP) is critical for the prompt management of neurosyphilis. However, a valid and reliable model for this purpose is still lacking. This study aimed to develop a nomogram for the accurate identification of neurosyphilis in patients with syphilis.

Gut Microbiota Alternation in Disease Progression of Neurosyphilis.

Background: The gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. However, studies on the gut microbiota of patients with neurosyphilis (NS) were rarely reported.

Methods: In this study, we collected fecal samples from 62 syphilis patients, including 39 with NS and 23 with non-NS.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of STDs in China: based on the GM (1,1) model.

Background: COVID-19 and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) are two very important diseases. However, relevant researches about how COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on the epidemiological trend of STDs are limited in China. This study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on STDs in China and proposed relevant recommendations to be used in bettering health.

Quantified Detection of Treponema pallidum DNA by PCR Assays in Urine and Plasma of Syphilis Patients.

Treponema pallidum can invade any organ, and T. pallidum DNA can be detected in various tissues and fluids. However, the knowledge of the presence and loads of T.

Platelet Indices Are the Promising Biomarkers in Monitoring Disease Activities in Patients with Syphilis.

Objectives: To uncover the role of the platelet indices in patients with syphilis.

Methods: A total of 2061 patients with syphilis and 528 healthy controls were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. The data of platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and indicators of syphilis activities were collected.

Reduced Virulence and Enhanced Host Adaption during Antibiotics Therapy: a Story of a Within-Host Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 11 Evolution in a Patient with a Serious Scrotal Abscess.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has disseminated globally and threatened human life. The sequence type (ST) 11 CRKP is a dominant clone in Asia, but how this clone evolves then adapts to the host and facilitates dissemination remains largely unknown. Here, the genomic dynamics of 4 ST11-CRKP isolates, which were sequentially collected from the urine of a patient with initial serious scrotal abscess and finally recovered without effective medication, were analyzed.

Internal Migration and Leprosy in Shanghai from 2000 to 2019: an Epidemiological Study of New Cases.

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Massive internal migration from rural to urban areas poses new challenges for leprosy control in Shanghai, China. This retrospective epidemiological study examined new cases of leprosy diagnosed in Shanghai from 2000 to 2019, with emphasis on internal migration cases.

A New Specimen for Syphilis Diagnosis: Evidence by High Loads of Treponema pallidum DNA in Saliva.

Background: DNA from many pathogens can be detected in saliva. However, the presence and quantity of Treponema pallidum DNA in patients with syphilis in saliva is unknown.

Methods: 234 patients with syphilis with different stages and 30 volunteers were enrolled.

Efficient Picosecond Laser for Tattoo Removal in Rat Models.

BACKGROUND Tattoos are popular in modern times. Due to the occurance of adverse effects such as poor aesthetic value, scar hyperplasia, and abnormal pigments, there is a high demand for uniform operation standards as well as standards for tattoo technologies. In the present study we used Sprague-Dawley rats to assess the tattoo removal efficacy of use of a picosecond laser at various energy values.

Successful Treatment of Adult-Onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis with CO Laser and Photodynamic Therapy.

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a noninvasive benign epithelial tumor caused by human papillomavirus. Clinically, it featured rapid growth, multifocus, and frequent recurrence. Though a number of therapies have been investigated, the recurrence after treatment is always a challenge.

Comprehensive genomic variation profiling of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer identifies potential targets for cervical cancer early warning.

Background: To better understand the pathogenesis of cervical cancer (CC), we systematically analysed the genomic variation and human papillomavirus (HPV) integration profiles of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and CC.

Methods: We performed whole-genome sequencing or whole-exome sequencing of 102 tumour-normal pairs and human papillomavirus probe capture sequencing of 45 CCs, 44 CIN samples and 25 normal cervical samples, and constructed strict integrated workflow of genomic analysis.

Results: Mutational analysis identified eight significantly mutated genes in CC including four genes (, , and ), which have not previously been reported in CC.

Molecular Characterization of HBV DNA Integration in Patients with Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Infection by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major causes of liver cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Viral DNA integration into the host cell genome is a key mechanism of hepatocarcinogenesis. However, the molecular characterization and the potential clinical implications of HBV DNA integration into patients suffering from different hepatitis and HCC remain unclear.