Contamination and health risks brought by arsenic, lead and cadmium in a water-soil-plant system nearby a non-ferrous metal mining area.

Heavy metal(loid)s contamination prevails in the water-soil-plant system around non-ferrous metal mining areas. The present study aimed to evaluate the heavy metal(loid)s contamination in Nandan Pb-Zn mining area (Guangxi, China). A total of 36 river water samples, 75 paired paddy soil and rice samples, and 128 paired upland soil and plant samples were collected from this area.

Short-term toxicity assessment of combined use of zidovudine, lamivudine and lopinavir/ritonavir in vitro and in vivo.

Introduction: A combination of zidovudine (AZT), lamivudine (3TC) and lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) is one of the most effective drugs for preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. However, limited information is available regarding its systemic toxicity. This study aimed to investigate its potential toxicity.

Toxicological evaluation of water-extract sericin from silkworm () in pregnant rats and their fetus during pregnancy.

Sericin is a natural protein produced by the silkworm , which has a wide range of biological activities and has a broad application prospect in multiple areas. However, systemic toxicity and safety assessment of sericin is still rare. This study was aimed to evaluate the toxic effects of water-extract sericin from cocoons of in pregnant rats and their fetuses during pregnancy.

Teratogenicity of 30 nm Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles (AlONPs) in Rats by Gavage.

Aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlONPs) are one class of widely used nanomaterials. However, the teratogenicity toxicity of AlONPs in mammal remains poorly understood. This study was aimed to evaluate the teratogenicity of AlONPs in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats by gavage and to compare the effects of AlONPs to those of equivalent dose of microscale aluminum oxide (bulk AlO).

[Effects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-positive Mothers Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy to Prevent Mother-to-child Transmission on the Growth and Development of 18-month-old Children in Lingshan County of Guangxi].

Objective To evaluate the effects of antiretroviral therapy(ART)for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission(PMTCT)of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)on the growth and development of 18-month-old children born by human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive pregnant women in Lingshan County,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and provide scientific evidence for improving the ART medication plan for PMTCT.Methods Lingshan County,ranking the first in the HIV-epidemic counties of Guangxi,was selected as the research site.According to the design of retrospective case-control study,we assigned all the subjects into the case group and the control group:(1)The case group included the HIV-positive pregnant women who had received ART for PMTCT and their HIV-negative infants in Lingshan County from 2010 to 2017.

Protective Effects of Sodium Para-aminosalicylic Acid on Manganese-Induced Damage in Rat Pancreas.

Sodium p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS-Na) has been previously shown to protect the brain from manganese (Mn)-induced toxicity. However, the efficacy of PAS-Na in protecting other organs from Mn toxicity and the mechanisms associated with this protection have yet to be addressed. Therefore, here, we assessed pancreatic damage in response to Mn treatment and the efficacy of PAS-Na in limiting this effect, along with specific mechanisms that mediate PAS-Na's protection.

Evaluation of the genotoxicity and teratogenicity of xylan using different model approaches.

Xylan is the second most abundant polysaccharide group in plants and has a wide variety of food and pharmaceutical applications. However, little information on the safety assessment of extracted xylan as dietary supplement is available. As part of a comprehensive toxicological assessment, this study examined the potential toxicity of xylan extracted from sugarcane bagasse by three genotoxicity studies (Ames test, mice bone marrow micronucleus test, and mice sperm abnormality test) and a teratogenicity study in rats.

Subchronic Study of a White Kidney Bean () Extract with -Amylase Inhibitory Activity.

Common bean extract as a dietary supplement has received increased attention globally owing to its -amylase inhibitory activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of a white kidney bean () extract by a repeated-dose 90-day subchronic oral toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats. In the subchronic toxicity study, 80 rats were orally administrated with white kidney bean extract at doses of 4, 2, and 1 g/kg body weight daily for 90 days.

Long-term exposure to low level of fluoride induces apoptosis via p53 pathway in lymphocytes of aluminum smelter workers.

Long-term occupational exposure to low level of fluoride can induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in many cells, including lymphocyte. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Hence, this study was designed to explore the potential oxidative stress and apoptosis of long-term occupational exposure to low level of fluoride in aluminum smelter workers.

Genotoxicity and teratogenicity of seabuckthorn ( L.) berry oil.

As botanicals and dietary supplements are used increasingly in many countries, the issue of safety is particularly critical for regulation of food products containing these substances. Seabuckthorn ( L.) has been used for centuries as a medicine and nutritional supplement in Asia and Europe.

Acute and subchronic toxicity studies of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) oil in rodents.

Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) has been traditionally used as medicine and nutritional supplement for a long period of time. However, information on the systemic toxicity and safety evaluation of seabuckthorn and its extracts is still scarce.

Safety assessment of xylan by a 90-day feeding study in rats.

Xylans are present naturally in various plants and have important uses in nutrition, food, novel material and biotechnology; however, to date, data regarding their systemic toxicity and safety evaluation is still limited. This study investigated the potential toxicity of xylan from sugarcane bagasse by a subchronic toxicity study in rats. A total of 80 male and female rats were fed with diets containing 10%, 5%, 2.

Safety assessment of powdered Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma by a 90-day feeding test in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Cistanche deserticola (C. deserticola), a holoparasitic plant widely distributed in arid or semi-arid areas in Eurasia and North Africa, has been used as an important tonic in traditional Eastern medicine for centuries. However, little information on the systemic toxicity and safety evaluation of it is available.