Low intracellular water and incident cognitive impairment in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Objective: To explore the effect of intracellular water (ICW) evaluated by the bioelectrical Impedance Spectroscopy (BIS) on the risk of incident cognitive impairment (CI) in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods: Three thousand three hundred eighty-five patients were recruited and monitored prospectively for up to 3 years (the median follow-up time, 2 years) in this observational cohort study. Mini-Mental State Examination score (MMSE) was used to assess the global cognitive function.

Sex Differences in the Association of Weight-Adjusted-Waist Index with Sarcopenic Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study of Hemodialysis Patients.

To explore the association between weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) and sarcopenic obesity (SO) in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). A multicenter, cross-sectional study that included 3311 adult MHD patients was conducted in 20 hemodialysis (HD) centers from June 1, 2021, to August 30, 2021. Body composition was evaluated by body composition monitor based on bioimpedance spectroscopy.

Low Lean Tissue Index and Muscle Strength Combined with High Fat Tissue Index Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease-Related Hospitalisation in Patients on Haemodialysis.

Introduction: The combined clinical impact of muscle mass, muscle function, and adipose mass on hospitalisation events, especially those that have exact causes, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), had been rarely studied in patients on haemodialysis (HD). This study aimed to determine the influence of lean tissue index (LTI), fat tissue index (FTI), and hand grip strength (HGS) on the risk of CVD-related hospitalisation in patients undergoing chronic HD.

Methods: This multi-centre observational study enrolled a total of 2,041 clinically stable patients aged >18 years and who had undergone HD for at least 3 months at 17 HD units in 2019.

Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and gastrointestinal disorder-related hospitalization in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Introduction: To explore the association between monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and the risk of hospitalization due to gastrointestinal (GI) disorder in hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Methods: In this multicenter, observational cohort study, 1626 patients were enrolled in 2019 and followed up to 2 years. Cox regression models were performed to estimate the association of MLR with GI disorder-related hospitalization risk.

Decreased intracellular water is associated with sarcopenic obesity in chronic haemodialysis patients.

Objective: To explore the association between intracellular water (ICW) and sarcopenic obesity in patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis (HD).

Methods: A multicentre, cross-sectional study of 3354 adult chronic HD patients was conducted in 20 haemodialysis centres from June 1, 2021, to August 30, 2021. The diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity was made according to the revised Asian Working Group's definition of sarcopenia combined with obesity per the body fat percentage definition.

Lean-to-fat tissue ratio as a risk factor for cognitive impairment in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Objective: The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive impairment (CI) remains controversial, and no research has been done to explore the effect of lean-to-fat (L/F) tissue ratio on the risk of CI in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) so far. This study aimed to explore the effect of L/F tissue ratio on the risk of incident CI in patients undergoing MHD.

Methods: In this observational cohort study, 3356 patients were recruited and followed up for a median of 2 years.

A Higher Whole-Body Extracellular to Intracellular Water Ratio Is Associated with Increased Odds of Cognitive Impairment in Hemodialysis Patients.

Background: Cognitive impairment (CI) is highly prevalent in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Whether fluid overload with malnutrition as assessed by the ratio of extracellular water to intracellular water (ECW/ICW) is associated with CI in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) has yet to be studied.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between ECW/ICW and CI in patients with MHD.

Muscle strength performed better than muscle mass in identifying cognitive impairment risk in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Objectives: The association between muscle mass and cognitive impairment (CI) is conflicting. We aimed to evaluate and compare the associations of muscle strength, muscle mass and CI risk in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study.

Higher ambient nitrogen dioxide is associated with an elevated risk of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that long-term exposure to air pollution increases the risk of chronic kidney disease and its progression. However, the effect of air pollution on the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been studied. We aim to evaluate the transient effect of air pollution on the risk of hospital-acquired AKI (HA-AKI).

Successful treatment with plasma exchange followed by intravenous immunoglobulin in a critically ill patient with COVID-19.

Here we report a case of a laboratory-confirmed 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected patient with COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) who developed respiratory failure and shock accompanied by persistent diarrhoea despite conventional therapeutic interventions. The patient avoided mechanical ventilation and showed an immediate clinical and radiological improvement following treatment with intensive plasma exchange (PE) followed by intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Successful therapeutic strategies in this case suggest that timely initiation of PE treatment followed by IVIG in critically ill patients with COVID-19 may prevent the disease from worsening and help to reduce the requirement for mechanical ventilation and intensive supportive care.

Acute Kidney Injury among Hospitalized Children in China.

Background And Objectives: High-quality epidemiologic data on AKI in children are particularly lacking in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology and clinical correlates of AKI among hospitalized children in China.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: We performed a multicenter study, in a cohort of hospitalized children aged 1 month to 18 years, from 25 general and children's hospitals in China during 2013-2015.

A New Criterion for Pediatric AKI Based on the Reference Change Value of Serum Creatinine.

Background: Current definitions of AKI do not take into account serum creatinine's high variability in children.

Methods: We analyzed data from 156,075 hospitalized children with at least two creatinine tests within 30 days. We estimated reference change value (RCV) of creatinine on the basis of age and initial creatinine level in children without kidney disease or known AKI risk, and we used these data to develop a model for detecting pediatric AKI on the basis of RCV of creatinine.