Transforming Growth Factor-β-Activated Protein 1 (TAK1) Regulates Necroptosis in Age-Related Hearing Loss.

Inflammation plays an important role in age-related hearing loss (ARHL). Transforming growth factor-β-activated protein 1 (TAK1), a key factor upstream of inflammatory pathways, mediates various cell death pathways, potentially influencing the survival and death of cochlear hair cells. The DBA/2 J mouse model and the HEI-OC1 cell line were used to investigate the mechanism of TAK1-mediated inflammation in ARHL.

Converting Light Into Programmable Temperatures via Janus Hydrogels for Passive Infrared Thermography.

Passive thermal management saves energy using natural processes but struggles with precise temperature control in variable environments. This study designs and synthesizes temperature-programmable hydrogels (TPH) based on a bilayer polyvinyl alcohol network with tunable passive heating capacity. The TPH features an upper layer with adjustable transmittance (6.

Dual functional hydrogel of osteoclastic-inhibition and osteogenic-stimulation for osteoporotic bone defect regeneration.

Osteoporotic bone regeneration poses significant challenges due to the complexity of the condition. Osteoporosis, a degenerative disorder, results from an imbalance in bone homeostasis driven by dysregulation of osteoblast and osteoclast activity. This complicates the treatment of osteoporosis and its related bone injuries in clinical practice.

Elevated levels of IRF1 and CASP1 as pyroptosis-related biomarkers for intestinal epithelial cells in Crohn's disease.

Introduction: Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex inflammatory condition with the potential for severe complications. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, and the role of pyroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells of CD remains unclear.

Methods: In this study, pyroptosis-related hub genes were identified using datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database through differential expression analysis, machine learning algorithms, and single-cell sequencing analysis.

Nanobiosensors Enable High-Efficiency Detection of Tuberculosis Nucleic Acid.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by (), with a complex pathogenesis that poses a long-term threat to human health globally. Early and accurate diagnosis of TB provides a critical window for timely and effective treatment. The development of nucleic acid testing (NAT) based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has greatly improved the diagnostic efficiency of TB.

Optical Control of Microtubule Accumulation and Dispersion by Tau-Derived Peptide-Fused Photoresponsive Protein.

Microtubules, a major component of the cytoskeleton consisting of tubulin dimers, are involved in various cellular functions, including forming axons and dendrites of neurons and retaining cell shapes by forming various accumulated superstructures such as bundles and doublets. Moreover, microtubule-accumulated structures like swarming microtubule assemblies are attractive components for dynamic materials, such as active matter and molecular robots. Thus, dynamic control of microtubule superstructures is an important topic.

Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and trimethylamine N-oxide levels in peripheral blood and osteoporosis in overweight and obese patients.

Background: The intricate relationship between systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in the peripheral blood and osteoporosis (OP) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate variations in the levels of SII and TMAO in the peripheral blood of overweight and obese patients, and examine the associations between these markers, bone mineral density (BMD), and the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures.

Methods: The study enrolled 765 patients aged ≥ 50 years with BMI ≥ 24 kg/m², dividing them into two groups based on visceral fat area (VFA): <100 cm² and ≥100 cm².

Decoding the Molecular Landscape of Prepubertal Oocyte Maturation: GTPBP4 as a Key Driver of In Vitro Developmental Competence.

The intricate mechanisms driving oocyte maturation remain only partially understood, especially within the domains of domestic animal reproduction and translational medicine. In the case of prepubertal girls, the clinical challenge is especially pronounced, as ovarian tissue cryopreservation-though promising-remains an experimental technique necessitating rigorous scientific validation to guarantee the developmental potential of preserved materials and facilitate broader clinical adoption. To address these knowledge gaps, while considering the ethical implications, we applied transcriptome and translatome sequencing to comprehensively profile the transcriptional and translational dynamics of oocyte maturation in adult and prepubertal goats.

Underlying mechanisms and treatment of acetaminophen‑induced liver injury (Review).

Acetaminophen (APAP) is safe at therapeutic doses; however, when ingested in excess, it accumulates in the liver and leads to severe hepatotoxicity, which in turn may trigger acute liver failure (ALF). This is known as APAP poisoning and is a major type of drug‑related liver injury. In the United States, APAP poisoning accounts for ≥50% of the total number of ALF cases, making it one of the most common triggers of ALF.

Isobavachalcone-loaded electrospun polycaprolactone/gelatin nanofibers for antibacterial and antioxidant applications.

Antibacterial nanofibers have been widely used in the fields of biomedicine and food packaging fields. To overcome existing antibiotic resistance, this study utilized isobavachalcone (IBC), a natural compound with antibacterial and antioxidant properties, combined with polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin (GEL) to develop an electrospun nanofibrous antibacterial membrane. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a uniform and smooth surface structure of the nanofiber.

KLF9, Epigenetic Silenced by DNMT1, Promotes ERK-Mediated Ferroptosis of Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes Through Transcriptionally Regulating CYP1B1.

Ferroptosis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), and inhibition of chondrocyte ferroptosis effectively alleviates OA progression. Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9) is demonstrated to be upregulated in OA, but its molecular mechanism remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the role of KLF9 in OA progression.

Development of a single-nucleotide polymorphism panel genotyping system for genetic analysis of Chinese hamsters.

Chinese hamster with Chinese characteristics is used in experiments, and it is of great value in the field of medical biology research. However, at present, there is no high-efficiency method for evaluating the genetic quality of Chinese hamsters. Here, we developed a novel Chinese hamster genetic quality detection system using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers.

The association between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study from the 1999-2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Objective: The relationship between dietary fiber intake and osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), aimed to examine the association between dietary fiber intake and OA.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using NHANES data from 1999 to 2018 to assess the association between dietary fiber intake and OA.

Predictors of distant metastasis or local recurrent after radiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer.

Objective: To evaluate risk factors for survival, recurrence and metastasis in patients with FIGO stage IA-IVA cervical cancer who underwent radical radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 1288 cervical cancer patients. Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regression models, and log-rank tests were used for statistical analysis.

Relationship of obesity, body fat, benign adrenal tumors and the mediating mechanism: a two-step mendelian randomization study.

Background: Benign adrenal tumors comprise the majority of asymptomatic adrenal masses and are often associated with cortisol secretion, which increases the risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Hormone secretion by these tumors may confound prevailing epidemiologic findings, and the causal relationships among obesity, body fat, and benign adrenal tumors remain uncertain. Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variation as an instrumental variable to simulate randomized controlled trials, thereby reducing confounding and supporting causal relationships.

Tetrandrine augments melanoma cell immunogenicity via dual inhibition of autophagic flux and proteasomal activity enhancing MHC-I presentation.

MHC-I-mediated antigen presentation is pivotal in antitumor immunity, enabling the recognition and destruction of tumor cells by CD8 T cells. Both the proteasome and autophagy serve as essential cellular degradation mechanisms that regulate the stability and functionality of MHC-I molecules. In melanoma, modulating the pathways that affect MHC-I antigen presentation is pivotal and can profoundly influence the therapeutic outcomes of immunotherapy.

Inverted U-shape association between urine equol levels and cancer: a national population-based cross-sectional study.

Equol, a naturally occurring phytoestrogen derived from the fermentation of soy and soy-based products by gut bacteria, is recognized for its diverse health benefits. While there is speculation about its association with cancer prevention, the scientific community has yet to reach a consensus due to the variability in research findings. Our study aims to shed light on this topic by examining the correlation between urine equol concentrations and the cancer risk among the American population.

Global burden of MAFLD, MAFLD related cirrhosis and MASH related liver cancer from 1990 to 2021.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally, driven by rising obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study evaluates the global, regional, and national burden of MAFLD-related diseases from 1990 to 2021 and projects future trends. Data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database, including estimates for the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated with MAFLD, MAFLD-related cirrhosis, and MASH-related liver cancer.

A phase 3 clinical trial on the immunogenicity and safety of booster vaccination after Zagreb or Essen regimens.

The Zagreb and Essen regimens are comparable in terms of immunogenicity; however, how these regimens impact the immunogenicity of booster vaccination remains unknown. We conducted a clinical trial to assess the immunogenicity of booster vaccination with a purified Vero cell rabies vaccine after primary vaccination with the Zagreb or Essen regimens. This randomized, open-label, controlled, phase 3 trial, conducted in Shangyu City and Shengzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China, was divided into the primary and booster vaccination phases.

Synergistic effect of β-ocimene on Hyphantria cunea sex pheromone and its potential attraction mechanism related to Ca stimulation.

Hyphantria cunea, a globally significant quarantine pest, causes severe ecological and economic impacts in invaded regions. Attractants are environment-friendly and valuable pest management tools for H. cunea control.

Molecular cloning and functional characterizations of transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) in Aedes albopictus.

Aedes albopictus is a potent vector of major arboviruses that cause serious health burdens and economic losses in worldwide. To facilitate the exploration of potential mosquito repellents, the Ae. albopictus TRPA1 (AalTRPA1) gene was cloned and investigated its molecular characteristics by bioinformatics techniques and the function using electrophysiological and RNAi techniques.

Influence of triflumezopyrim and triadimefon co-exposure on enzymatic activity and gene expression changes in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.).

Pollination insects frequently encounter complex mixtures of pesticides within agricultural ecosystems. However, current risk assessments for pesticides focus primarily on single agents, failing to reflect real-world conditions. Mesoionic insecticide triflumezopyrim (TFM) and triazole fungicide triadimefon (TAD) are two compounds often detected together in the environment, raising concerns over their combined toxic effects on pollinators.

A streamlined cloning and toxicity evaluation strategy of toxin-antitoxin systems in insect cells.

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems, which are prevalent in bacteria and archaea, have significant potential applications in eukaryotic cells due to their characteristic ability to inhibit cell growth. In particular, type II TA systems, where both the toxin and antitoxin are proteins, can serve as lethal and rescue genes in genetic pest management. However, traditional methods of cloning these systems often encounter difficulties due to cryptic promoter driven expression of toxins during the cloning process.

Development of coding method for traceability identification of cigarette oil pollution based on preparation of multi-emission fluorescent quantum dots by ligand modulation method.

Background: The appearance of cigarettes produces oil spots with different sizes and shapes affect the sensory quality of cigarettes, which are caused by the oil leakage in the production of cigarettes. In the actual production of cigarettes, the mechanical components of the cigarette production line use oil in a very large number of locations, and the processing section was very long. In the event of oil contamination of cigarettes, it is a challenge to ascertain the precise location of oil leakage in mechanical components.

Liver-specific Bcl3 knockout alleviates acetaminophen-induced liver injury by activating Nrf2 pathway in male mice.

Background And Aims: Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the leading cause of acute liver failure, with oxidative stress being a critical factor in this process. Glutathione (GSH) plays a vital defensive role. Activation of Nrf2 pathway mitigates APAP-induced liver damage by promoting GSH biosynthesis and enhancing drug detoxification.