PKG and NHR-49 signalling co-ordinately regulate short-term fasting-induced lysosomal lipid accumulation in C. elegans.

Lysosomes act as terminal degradation organelles to hydrolyse macromolecules derived from both the extracellular space and the cytoplasm. In Caenorhabditis elegans fasting induces the lysosomal compartment to expand. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms for this stress response remain largely unclear.

Copolymer coatings consisting of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane via ATRP to improve cellulose biocompatibility.

AB diblock copolymers comprised of poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) and poly(3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane) (PMTSi) segments, which are used for biocompatible coatings, were investigated. Block copolymers with various compositions were synthesized by atomic transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The obtained copolymers were dissolved in an ethanol solution, and dynamic light scattering showed that all block copolymers were capable of existing as micelles.

Grafting of zwitterion from cellulose membranes via ATRP for improving blood compatibility.

A p-vinylbenzyl sulfobetaine was grafted from cellulose membrane (CM) using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization for blood compatibility improvement. Surface structure, wettability, morphology, and thermal stability of the CM substrates before and after modification were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement, water contact angle measurement, atomic force microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The results showed that zwitterionic brushes were successfully fabricated on the CM surfaces, and the content of the grafted layer increased gradually with the polymerization time.