The Evolution of Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation.

Intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) is one kind of breath sequence used to classify a mode of ventilation. IMV is defined as the ability for spontaneous breaths (patient triggered and patient cycled) to exist between mandatory breaths (machine triggered or machine cycled). Over the course of more than a century, IMV has evolved into 4 distinct varieties, each with its own advantages and disadvantages in serving the goals of mechanical ventilation (ie, safety, comfort, and liberation).

The Effect of Inspiratory Effort on Circuit Compensation for Volume-Targeted Modes.

Background: Critical-care ventilators provide patient circuit compensation (CC) to counteract the loss of volume due to patient circuit compliance. No studies show the effect of inspiratory efforts (indicating maximal value of the muscle pressure waveforms [P]) on CC function. The goal of this study was to determine how P affects volume delivery with or without CC for both volume control continuous mandatory ventilation with set-point targeting scheme (VC-CMVs) and pressure control continuous mandatory ventilation with adaptive targeting scheme (PC-CMVa) modes on the Servo-u ventilator.

Increased flammability hazard when ionic liquid [Cmim][Cl] is exposed to high temperatures.

Industrial use of ionic liquids may require exposure to high temperatures. We demonstrate that such applications may result in an increase in flammability hazard due to chemical decomposition. The ionic liquid, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Cmim][Cl]), was selected as the study sample.

[Contrast study on natural radioactive nuclides contents of rice between Xiangshan uranium deposit area, Jiangxi and non-uranium depsoit area].

The contents of natural radioactive nuclides such as uranium and thorium in paddies were analyzed and compared by means of ICP-MS. Totally 14 paddy samples were distinguished into two groups and collected from two rice planting area. One group (12 paddy samples) was collected from the Xiangshan uranium deposit area, Jiangxi province; while the other group (2 samples) collected from non-uranium deposit suburban area of Fuzhou city, Jiangxi, as comparison samples.

[Effects of soil on the concentration of rare earth in Nanfeng orange].

Nanfeng orange is a famous fruit in the world, but the content of rare earth in the fruit and its relation to the content in soil were little studied. The present paper studied the contents of rare earth in Nanfeng orange fruit and the effects of soil planting Nanfeng orange on the contents of rare earth in Nanfeng orange fruit by ICP-MS/ICP-AES in order to find the relation of rare earth content in the soil to that in Nanfeng orange fruit. The results showed that ten kinds of rare earths were detected, namely La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho and Yb, whose contents range from 0.

[Application of ICP-MS/ICP-AES to detecting factors influencing the quality of Nanfeng orange].

Nanfeng orange is a world famous fruits, but its quality changes remarkably with the producing area. The present paper studied the contents of heavy metal mineral elements and microelements in soil planting Nanfeng orange by ICP-MS/ICP-AES and in order to find the dominant factors that affect the quality of Nanfeng orange in soil. The results showed that the contents of B, P, K, Mg and Ca, especially B, P and K were much higher in soil where the quality of Nanfeng orange is palatable than those where Nanfeng orange is unpalatable; but the contents of Fe, Mn, Si, Cu and Zn were lower in soil where the quality of Nanfeng orange is palatable than those where Nanfeng orange is unpalatable.