From apparent pseudoprogression to durable complete remission of expansile destructive sinonasal mucosal melanoma under pembrolizumab after primary endoscopic resection: A case report.

Head and neck mucosal melanoma is a rare but highly aggressive malignant tumor that usually has a poor prognosis. We describe a 53-year-old male patient, having no any medical history, with left maxillary sinus mucosal melanoma causing bilateral lung metastasis. Rapid tumor regrowth was observed on the 49th day after radical tumor resection.

Central Compartment Atopic Disease and Its Surgical Outcomes: Olfactory Changes and Technical Notes.

Background: Central compartment atopic disease (CCAD) is a recent, novel phenotype of chronic rhinosinusitis. Only a few studies have assessed olfactory function in patients with CCAD.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate olfactory function changes after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) in patients with CCAD and proposed some surgical techniques to enhance the postoperative olfactory outcomes in such patients.

Investigation of Normative Value of Commercialized Taiwan Smell Identification Test.

Background: The Taiwan Smell Identification Test (TWSIT) was developed and successfully administered in Taiwanese population since 2015. However, for sanitation reason, the original liquid-jar form of this test is not appropriate. The commercialized TWSIT was then re-designed as "scratch-and-sniff" version: the TIBSIT (Top International Biotech, Taipei, Taiwan).

Liver X Receptor Expression and Pentraxin 3 Production in Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Sinonasal Mucosal Fibroblast Cells.

The long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a prototypic molecule for recognizing pathogens. Liver X receptors (LXRs), belonging to nuclear receptors (NRs) for cholesterol metabolism through heterodimerizing with other NRs, were recently reported to participate in inflammation. However, their roles in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) are unclear.

Free mucosal grafts and anterior pedicled flaps to prevent ostium restenosis after endoscopic modified Lothrop (frontal drillout) procedure: a randomized, controlled study.

Background: The endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure (EMLP) is used to manage ongoing refractory frontal sinusitis after failed previous endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), but this approach has a significant restenosis rate. We evaluated the potential benefits of mucosal grafts and pedicled flaps on the opening of the newly formed frontal ostium.

Methods: Fifty patients with refractory frontal sinusitis or mucoceles after ESS were randomized to undergo EMLP, either with (n = 27) or without (n = 23) mucosal grafts and pedicled flap reconstruction of the neo-ostium.

Resection of Inverted Papilloma of the Maxillary Sinus via a Prelacrimal Recess Approach: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Efficacy.

Background: The intranasal endoscopic prelacrimal recess approach (PLRA) access to all aspects of the maxillary sinus while preserving the inferior turbinate and nasolacrimal duct and its use have been reported in the treatment of many maxillary sinus and lateral skull base diseases.

Objective: To retrospectively assess the effectiveness of a 10-year multicenter follow-up for the resection of inverted papilloma of the maxillary sinus (IPMS) via a PLRA.

Methods: A total of 71 patients were admitted and underwent IPMS excision via an intranasal endoscopic PLRA from 2003 to 2013.

Endoscopic endonasal nasopharyngectomy: tensor veli palatine muscle as a landmark for the parapharyngeal internal carotid artery.

Background: Endoscopic endonasal nasopharyngectomy(EEN) can be a promising option for select patients with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but serious complications can occur in terms of parapharyngeal internal carotid artery (PPICA) injury. Several landmarks have been proposed for locating the PPICA. In this study, we investigated the spatial relationship between the tensor veli palatini (TVP) muscle and the PPICA in a cadaveric model.

The intranasal endoscopic removal of schwannoma of the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae via the prelacrimal recess approach.

Objective: This study was undertaken to analyze the results of a novel surgical method-the endoscopic prelacrimal recess approach (PLRA)-in patients with tumors involving the pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) and infratemporal fossa (ITF). The surgical technique and indications for this approach are also discussed.

Methods: The authors analyzed data from 7 cases involving patients who underwent resection of PPF and ITF tumors by means of the endoscopic PLRA from 2004 to 2013.

Development of Taiwan Smell Identification Test: a quick office-based smell screening test for Taiwanese.

Background: Objective smell tests not only identify levels of smelling ability but also provide information on changes in olfaction after treatment. Odor identification is strongly socially and culturally dependent; therefore, the odorants used in a smell identification test should be familiar to the test population. We developed this smell test for Taiwanese populations with two aims: the test odors should be familiar to Taiwanese and the test should be easily and quickly administered in a busy clinic.

Selective retromastoid vestibular neurectomy for intractable Ménière's disease: a technical note.

Background: Retrosigmoid vestibular neurectomy is considered to be the most effective and safe procedure to control intractable vertigo associated with Ménière's disease while preserving hearing. The surgical procedure of retrosigmoid vestibular neurectomy at the cerebellopontine angle has been well established. Here, we provide for otologic surgeons additional details about the procedure, with special attention to the anatomic features to emphasize our technique, which enables an adequate sectioning of the vestibular fibers on the cochlear nerve close to the overlapping zone containing large-caliber vestibular fibers and small-caliber cochlear fibers.

En bloc resection concept for endoscopic endonasal nasopharyngectomy: surgical anatomy and outcome.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients have a 19%-56% locoregional recurrence rate after primary therapy. For those recurrent NPC (rNPC) patients, re-irradiation may cause some complications. In recent years, endoscopic endonasal nasopharyngectomy (EEN) has become a surgical option for rNPC patients.

Objective olfactory outcomes after revision endoscopic sinus surgery.

Background: Patients who suffer from hyposmia and anosmia report a negative effect on their overall quality of life. Smell disturbance of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) can improve after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Although several studies have shown that 50-83% of patients may notice an improvement in olfactory function after ESS, the olfactory improvement after revision ESS (RESS), especially by objective measurements, is still lacking.

Endoscopic vidian neurectomy assisted by power instrumentation and coblation.

Vidian neurectomy has been used to manage intractable vasomotor rhinitis for decades. After the introduction of endoscopic sinus surgery in the 1980s, transnasal endoscopic vidian neurectomy (EVN) was subsequently reported. The most common problem in performing EVN was excessive bleeding from the pterygopalatine fossa.

Intravenous esmolol infusion improves surgical fields during sevoflurane-anesthetized endoscopic sinus surgery: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: There is increasing evidence to support the use of anesthetics to affect operative fields during endoscopic sinus surgery and thus the speed, thoroughness, and safety of the surgery itself. Previous research has suggested preoperative beta-blockers improve surgical fields (SFs); our study is novel in showing the impact of a beta-blocker infusion on SFs during sinus surgery.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 40 patients.

Retrospective study of full-house functional endoscopic sinus surgery for revision endoscopic sinus surgery.

Background: Outcomes for revision endoscopic sinus surgery (RESS) are rarely reported in relation to technique. Our goal was to document the outcome of full-house functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) (FHF) (complete sphenoethmoidectomy with Draf IIA frontal sinusotomy) for treatment of this recalcitrant group.

Methods: Twenty-one patients with chronic sinusitis having had at least 1 previous sinus surgery (mean, 2.