Higher oxidative balance score is associated with increased plaque stability in patients with coronary heart disease.

Background And Aims: Current evidence underscores that oxidative stress (OS) is a pivotal factor in the formation of vulnerable plaques in individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD). The Oxidative Balance Score (OBS), a comprehensive measure of systemic OS, consists of 15 antioxidants and 5 pro-oxidants, with higher scores indicating greater antioxidant activity. We hypothesized that a high OBS would be associated with improved coronary plaque stability in CHD patients.

Quantifying and interpreting biologically meaningful spatial signatures within tumor microenvironments.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in orchestrating tumor cell behavior and cancer progression. Recent advances in spatial profiling technologies have uncovered novel spatial signatures, including univariate distribution patterns, bivariate spatial relationships, and higher-order structures. These signatures have the potential to revolutionize tumor mechanism and treatment.

Alkannin triggered apoptosis and ferroptosis in gastric cancer by suppressing lipid metabolism mediated by the c-Fos/SREBF1 axis.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC), one of the most common malignancies with high mortality worldwide, currently requires beneficial therapeutic strategies. Alkannin is the primary active component of Lithospermum erythrorhizon and has been shown to have potential anticancer effects on a variety of cancers. However, the specific effects and molecular mechanisms of alkannin against GC remain unknown.

Computational study on the mechanism of small molecules inhibiting NLRP3 with ensemble docking and molecular dynamic simulations.

NLRP3 (Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, LRR and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) is a pivotal regulator of inflammation, with strong implications in gout, neurodegenerative diseases, and various inflammatory conditions. Consequently, the exploration of NLRP3 inhibitors is of great significance for the treatment of diseases. MCC950, NP3-146, compound (3), and YQ128 are four highly bioactive NLRP3 inhibitors that show great potential; however, their mechanism of action is currently limited to targeting the ATP binding region (NACHT site) of the NLRP3 protein.

[The Predictive Value of Serum sIL-2R Combined with TNF-α, IgG and IgA in the Recurrence of Multiple Myeloma].

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R), tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α), IgG and IgA for the recurrence in patients with multiple myeloma(MM).

Methods: A total of 108 MM patients who were initially diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2017 to March 2019, and 72 patients who met the diagnostic criteria and had complete follow-up data were selected as the study subjects. MM recurrence was the endpoint event, and follow-up was conducted until the occurrence of the endpoint event or the deadline of this study.

Association between frailty and postherpetic neuralgia in the older adult with herpes zoster.

Introduction: Chronic pain is closely related to frailty.

Methods: A total of 300 older adult patients diagnosed with HZ were selected and admitted to our hospital in 2024. A basic data questionnaire gathered baseline information, and the FRAIL scale was employed to evaluate their initial frailty status.

Oxidative Stress and Reprogramming of Lipid Metabolism in Cancers.

Oxidative stress is a common event involved in cancer pathophysiology, frequently accompanied by unique lipid metabolic reprogramming phenomena. Oxidative stress is caused mainly by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant system in cancer cells. Emerging evidence has reported that oxidative stress regulates the expression and activity of lipid metabolism-related enzymes, leading to the alteration of cellular lipid metabolism; this involves a significant increase in fatty acid synthesis and a shift in the way in which lipids are taken up and utilized.

Results From a Phase 1 Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Efficacy of ANX005, a C1q Inhibitor, in Patients With Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

Background And Aims: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune peripheral neuropathy driven by autoantibodies and classical complement pathway activation. Despite treatments with intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange, GBS remains characterized by variability in recovery and high incidence of residual disabilities. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 1 trial evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of ANX005, a novel therapeutic targeting the classical complement cascade.

Research trends in glioma chemoradiotherapy resistance: a bibliometric analysis (2003-2023).

Background: Glioma is the most aggressive primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system, characterized by high recurrence rates and resistance to chemoradiotherapy, making therapeutic resistance a major challenge in neuro-oncology. Recent research emphasizes the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune modulation in glioma progression and resistance. Despite these advances, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research trends in glioma chemoradiotherapy resistance over the past two decades is lacking.

Association of insulin resistance surrogates with disease severity and adverse outcomes in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a severely progressive disease that leads to right heart failure and death. Previous studies have shown that diabetes and insulin resistance (IR) are closely related to pulmonary hypertension, but the role of IR in patients with CTEPH remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated the relationship between four insulin resistance indices and disease severity, hemodynamic parameters, and adverse outcomes in patients with CTEPH.

Advances of deep Neural Networks (DNNs) in the development of peptide drugs.

Peptides are able to bind to difficult disease targets with high potency and specificity, providing great opportunities to meet unmet medical requirements. Nevertheless, the unique features of peptides, such as their small size, high structural flexibility, and scarce data availability, bring extra challenges to the design process. Firstly, this review sums up the application of peptide drugs in treating diseases.

The relationship between biological aging and psoriasis: evidence from three observational studies.

Background: The relationship between psoriasis and aging remains unclear. Biological age is considered as a tool for strong association with aging, but there is a lack of reports on the relationship between biological age and psoriasis. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between biological age and psoriasis.

Decreased prefrontal activation during verbal fluency task after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment for depression in Alzheimer's disease: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Background: Studies have shown the clinical effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on depression in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The measurement of brain activation links neurobiological and functional aspects but is challenging in patients with dementia.

Impact and Contributing Factors of Maternal Pyrexia Peaks During Labor on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes.

This study aims to equip clinicians with the necessary insights for identifying and managing pregnant women experiencing elevated maternal pyrexia during labor. It examines maternal and neonatal outcomes along with the factors associated with varying peak temperatures. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 319 pregnant women presenting with maternal pyrexia during labor.

N6-methyladenosine modification of host Hsc70 attenuates nucleopolyhedrovirus infection in the lepidopteran model insect Bombyx mori.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal modification on mRNA and plays critical roles in various biological processes including virus infection. It has been shown that m6A methylation is able to regulate virus proliferation and host innate immunity in mammals and plants, however, this antiviral defense in insects is largely unknown. Here we investigated function of m6A and its associated methyltransferases in nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection in silkworm.

Joint effects of depressive symptoms and triglyceride-glucose index on cardiovascular events in acute coronary syndrome patients: The mediating role of TyGi.

Objective: Our aim was to explore the joint impacts of depressive symptoms along with triglyceride-glucose index (TyGi) on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients who have acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and investigate whether the impact of depressive symptoms on MACE is mediated through the TyGi.

Methods: This extensive cohort study included 3681 ACS patients. Depressive symptoms and TyGi were assessed at baseline, and the patients were subsequently followed for two years to monitor the occurrence of MACE.

Fluorine-rich poly(arylene amine) membranes for the separation of liquid aliphatic compounds.

We explored the potential for membrane materials to reduce energy and carbon requirements for the separation of aliphatic hydrocarbon feedstocks and products. We developed a series of fluorine-rich poly(arylene amine) polymer membranes that feature rigid polymer backbones with segregated perfluoroalkyl side chains. This combination imbues the polymers with resistance to dilation induced by hydrocarbon immersion without the loss of solution-based membrane fabrication techniques.

Relay intercropped soybean promotes nodules development and nitrogen fixation by root exudates deposition.

Background: Legumes, in the initial event of symbiosis, secrete flavonoids into the rhizosphere to attract rhizobia. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between crop root exudates and soybean nodule development under intercropping patterns.

Method: A two years field experiments was carried out and combined with pot experiments to quantify the effects of planting mode, i.

Simulating water and salt changes in the root zone of salt-alkali fragrant pear and the selection of the optimal surface drip irrigation mode.

Faced with the increasingly serious problem of water scarcity, developing precise irrigation strategies for crops in saline alkali land can effectively reduce the negative effects of low water resource utilization. Using a model to simulate the dynamic changes in soil water and salt environment in the root zone of fragrant pear trees in saline alkali land, and verifying them from a production practice perspective with comprehensive benefits as the goal, can optimize the irrigation amount and irrigation technology elements of saline alkali fruit trees, broaden the comprehensive evaluation perspective of decision-makers, and have important significance for improving the yield and production efficiency of forestry and fruit industry in arid and semi-arid areas worldwide. In this study, a two-year field experiment based on three irrigation levels (3000, 3750, and 4500 m·ha) and four emitter discharge rates (1, 2, 3, and 4 L·h) was conducted in Xinjiang, China.

Psoriatic arthritis in psoriasis: optimizing the current screening system for psoriatic arthritis based on serum data from U.S. and Chinese populations.

Background: Psoriatic arthritis (PSA) is an inflammatory joint disease associated with psoriasis (PSO) that can be easily missed. Existing PSA screening tools ignore objective serologic indicators. The aim of this study was to develop a disease screening model and the Psoriatic Arthritis Inflammation Index (PSAII) based on serologic data to enhance the efficiency of PSA screening.

Metabolic effects and clinical outcomes of olanzapine in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the metabolic changes of patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine and analyze the correlation between the dosage of the drug, the blood concentration and the clinical response, so as to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: PubMed, web of science, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE databases were used to search for studies on olanzapine treatment in patients with schizophrenia, to extract changes in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, cholesterol, PANSS (The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), SAPS (The Positive Syndrome Scale), SANS (The Negative Syndrome Scale), BPRS (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale), CGI (Clinical Global Impressions Ratings), and so on for meta-analysis, and to analyze the correlation of medication dose, blood concentration, and clinical response.

Results: Twenty clinical trials (1839 participants, 1058 male and 781 female patients) were included in this meta-analysis.

Two novel butyrolactone lignan dimers from leaves of Castanopsis chinensis and their anti-inflammatory activities.

Castanopsis genus (Fagaceae) were rich in plant polyphenols and often used as medicinal plants. In this study, two new lignan dimer compounds with anti-inflammatory activity and four known compounds were isolated and identified from 80% methanolic extract of Castanopsis chinensis leaves. The structure determination supported by computational chemistry and extensive spectroscopic analysis.

Type D Personality As a Risk Factor for 3-Year Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Their Spouse: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Aims: Type D personality has been established as an independent psychological risk factor for adverse outcomes in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. However, research on the association between Type D personality and cardiovascular events in couples is limited. This study investigated the correlation between Type D personality and cardiovascular outcomes among CAD patients and their spouses.