Bolus Injection of Liraglutide Raises Plasma Glucose in Normal Rats by Activating Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor in the Brain.

Diabetes is commonly treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists including liraglutide and others. However, liraglutide was found to raise plasma glucose levels in normal rats. The current study aims to determine how liraglutide causes this contentious condition in rats, both normal and diabetic.

Early pain reduction can predict treatment response: results of integrated efficacy analyses of a once-daily gastroretentive formulation of gabapentin in patients with postherpetic neuralgia.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to identify and determine the validity of early decision criteria following once-daily gastroretentive gabapentin (G-GR) treatment in patients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).

Design: In two placebo-controlled studies, 279 patients were randomized to 1,800 mg G-GR and 270 to placebo with the evening meal; patients underwent a 2-week dose titration, followed by 8 weeks of stable dosing, and 1 week of dose tapering. Patients.

A multicenter risk index for atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.

Context: Atrial fibrillation is a common, but potentially preventable, complication following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Objectives: To assess the nature and consequences of atrial fibrillation after CABG surgery and to develop a comprehensive risk index that can better identify patients at risk for atrial fibrillation.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Prospective observational study of 4657 patients undergoing CABG surgery between November 1996 and June 2000 at 70 centers located within 17 countries, selected using a systematic sampling technique.

Prevalence of risk factors, and not gender per se, determines short- and long-term survival after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Objective: Much attention has been directed towards female gender as an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery; however, the effects of surgery are known to persist for 6 months or more. Studies that have compared postoperative survival in women and men beyond hospital discharge report disparate results with regard to the independent effect of gender per se on ultimate survival.

Design: This investigation was a prospective, observational study.

Efficacy and safety of the cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors parecoxib and valdecoxib in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.

Objective: Inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 provides analgesia in ambulatory patients. We prospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of a newly introduced cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery through a median sternotomy in a randomized clinical trial.

Methods: A total of 462 patients with New York Heart Association classes I to III who were less than 77 years of age and were from 58 institutions in the United States, Canada, Germany, and the United Kingdom participated in this multicenter, phase III, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group trial.