Harnessing salinity gradient energy: Pushing forward in water reclamation via on-site reverse electrodialysis technology.

Effluents from urban wastewater treatment plants (UWWTPs) discharged into water bodies such as the sea or ocean, offer a potential source of renewable energy through the salinity gradient (SGE) between seawater and treated water. The European project Life-3E: Environment-Energy-Economy aims to demonstrate an innovative process integrating renewable energy production with water reclamation. Using reverse electrodialysis (RED) technology, SGE can power tertiary wastewater treatment processes in coastal UWWTPs, offsetting energy costs associated with water regeneration and reuse.

Circular economy in hot-dip galvanizing with zinc and iron recovery from spent pickling acids.

The management of spent pickling acids (SPA) is an environmental challenge for the hot-dip galvanizing (HDG) industry. Bearing in mind its elevated content of iron and zinc, SPA can be regarded as a source of secondary materials in a circular economy approach. This work reports the pilot scale demonstration of non-dispersive solvent extraction (NDSX) in hollow fiber membrane contactors (HFMCs) to perform the selective zinc separation and SPA purification, so that the characteristics needed for use as a source of iron chloride are achieved.

Environmental sustainability of alternative marine propulsion technologies powered by hydrogen - a life cycle assessment approach.

Shipping is a very important source of pollution worldwide. In recent years, numerous actions and measures have been developed trying to reduce the levels of greenhouse gases (GHG) from the marine exhaust emissions in the fight against climate change, boosting the Sustainable Development Goal 13. Following this target, the action of hydrogen as energy vector makes it a suitable alternative to be used as fuel, constituting a very promising energy carrier for energy transition and decarbonization in maritime transport.

Advanced hybrid electro-oxidation & O technology for water reuse in the fruit and vegetable process industry.

Alternative sanitising agents are required in the fruit and vegetable processing industry, capable of effectively disinfecting both the product and the washing water to increase its reuse, while not producing harmful by-products like chlorine-based agents. In the present work, electro-oxidation (EO) and ozone are proposed for vegetable process water reuse, being optimised for their individual and combined application. The application of hybrid electro-oxidation and ozone achieved 7 log reduction after 15 min of treatment in batch using boron-doped diamond (BDD) as anode material, showing important synergistic effects when compared with the individual treatments.

Scale-Up of Membrane-Based Zinc Recovery from Spent Pickling Acids of Hot-Dip Galvanizing.

Zinc recovery from spent pickling acids (SPAs) can play an important role in achieving a circular economy in the galvanizing industry. This work evaluates the scale-up of membrane-based solvent extraction technology aimed at the selective separation of zinc from industrial SPAs as a purification step prior to zinc electrowinning (EW). The experiments were carried out at a pilot scale treating SPAs batches of 57 to 91 L in a non-dispersive solvent extraction (NDSX) configuration that simultaneously performed the extraction and backextraction steps.

Estimated conditions to control the covid-19 pandemic in peruvian pre- and post-quarantine scenarios.

Objectives: To determine the probability of controlling the outbreak of COVID-19 in Peru, in a pre- and post-quarantine scenario using mathematical simulation models.

Materials And Methods: Outbreak si mulations for the COVID-19 pandemic are performed, using stochastic equations under the following assumptions: a pre-quarantine population R0 of 2.7 or 3.

deca-rbonylation of ,-di-methyl-formamide to form di-methyl-ammonium cations in the hybrid framework compound {[(CH)NH][Zn{OPCH(OH)PO}]} .

The title phospho-nate-based organic-inorganic hybrid framework, poly[bis(dimethylammonium) [(μ-2,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,4-diphosphonato)zinc(II)]], {(CHN)[Zn(CHOP)]} , was formed unexpectedly when di-methyl-ammonium cations were formed from the deca-rbonylation of the ,-di-methyl-formamide solvent. The framework is built up from ZnO tetra-hedra and bridging di-phospho-nate tetra-anions to generate a three-dimensional network comprising [100] channels occupied by the (CH)NH cations. Within the channels, an array of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds help to establish the structure.

Assessment of soil pollution based on total petroleum hydrocarbons and individual oil substances.

Different oil products like gasoline, diesel or heavy oils can cause soil contamination. The assessment of soils exposed to oil products can be conducted through the comparison between a measured concentration and an intervention value (IV). Several national policies include the IV based on the so called total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) measure.

[Status of health psychology teaching in Chilean schools of medicine].

Background: Physicians should be exposed, during their training to basic concepts in psychology.

Aim: To describe the current status of the formal teaching of health psychology or medical psychology in Chilean medical schools.

Material And Methods: We reviewed the programs of the courses including topics of Medical Psychology, Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine at 18 medical schools in Chile, using a focused coding method.

Evaluation of efficiency calibration parameters of the LR-115 radon detector.

Measurement of 222Rn is an important research concern because of the high-energy alpha emission of its 218Po and 214Po progeny. The LR-115 passive detector is the basis of a solid-state nuclear track detector (SSNTD) whose use for radon measurements has been well established. The usage of the SSNTD technique requires calibration by comparison.

Indoor 222Rn survey in Zacatecas State, Mexico.

As part of a program for discovering whether afflicted areas exist, indoor (222)Rn concentrations in the State of Zacatecas were surveyed, (222)Rn concentration being measured by gamma-ray spectrometry of radon decay products adsorbed into charcoal canisters. A survey was implemented during Summer 2001: 228 dwellings in the state were tested by taking mean 254 measurements. Concentrations exhibited a left-skewed distribution of indoor (222)Rn, showing overall average, minimum, and maximum concentrations of 67, 26, and 511 Bqm(-3), respectively.

Natural soil gamma radioactivity levels and resultant population dose in the cities of Zacatecas and Guadalupe, Zacatecas, Mexico.

The study of natural gamma radioactivity was made to determine the concentrations of natural radionuclides in soil. Twenty soil samples collected in the cities of Zacatecas and Guadalupe and their suburban areas in the Mexican state of Zacatecas were analyzed by gamma-ray spectrometry to determine the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K. Gamma-spectrometry measurements were made using a hyperpure germanium detector surrounded with shielding material to reduce the background counting rate.

[Transesophageal echocardiography follow-up of patients operated on using the Bono-Bentall technique in aneurysms or dissection of the ascending aorta].

Introduction: Increasingly patients are surviving after reconstructive surgery of the ascending aorta. These patients require follow-up to detect postoperative prognostic markers, such as persistence of the flow in a false lumen, intimal rupture, or graft complications. We conducted a study with transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in order to detect residual abnormalities and establish the usefulness of this technique in a group of patients after Bono-Bentall surgery for ascending aorta pathology.

Improvement of diffuse solar irradiance measurements with noncosine instruments.

As a result of sky radiance anisotropy, significant errors spoil diffuse solar irradiance data obtained by means of noncosine-true instruments, which happens in spite of knowledge of the relative cosine response. To reduce these errors we recommend a method that involves an additional measurement of diffuse irradiance from a horizon band. The efficiency of the so-called double-measurement method is found to be optimum for a 25° horizon band elevation.

Role of 201Tl in the management of cardiac transplantation.

Serial percutaneous endomyocardial biopsy is the standard for diagnosis of cardiac rejection; it is generally done on a weekly basis for the first month and then as indicated by ECG voltage; but, this method is invasive, can be done only in specialized centers, not available for the many patients who return home, requires 18-24 h before a result is obtained, delaying institution of therapy, and it is aggressive for the endomyocardium of the graft. A reliable, rapid, and noninvasive test for detection of cardiac rejection is still not available. The aim of this work was to determine whether 201Tl uptake was significantly correlated with the histological findings presenting in cardiac rejection.

[Iso-Kikuchi syndrome. 2 familial cases].

We report two familial cases of Iso-Kikuchi sindrome, (mother and son). Patient one with small bone abnormalities under mycronychya, and patient two with atopic dermatitis. Literature cases are reviewed.

Diagnosis by ultrasonography and isotopic phlebography of a malformation of the inferior vena cava: proximal transposition with anterior crossing over the aorta.

A case of a previously undescribed malformation of the inferior vena cava is reported: there was distal normoposition and proximal transposition, with anterior crossing over the aorta; the right renal vein flowed into the inferior vena cava located on the left, after crossing over the anterior face of the aorta. This anomaly was shown by echography and isotopic phlebography.