Disparities in prevalence and treatment of diabetes, cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases - Recommendations from the taskforce of the guideline workshop.

There is a mounting clinical, psychosocial, and socioeconomic burden worldwide as the prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to rise. Despite the introduction of therapeutic interventions with demonstrated efficacy to prevent the development or progression of these common chronic diseases, many individuals have limited access to these innovations due to their race/ethnicity, and/or socioeconomic status (SES). However, practical guidance to providers and healthcare systems for addressing these disparities is often lacking.

Associations of blood pressure with cardiovascular and mortality outcomes in over 2 million older persons with or without diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 45 cohort studies.

Background: The impact of blood pressure on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality outcomes in older people with diabetes mellitus (DM) is not well quantified. Using a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies, we aimed to compare the associations of blood pressure levels with cardiovascular and mortality outcomes in older people aged ≥ 65 years with or without DM.

Methods: Studies were identified from MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and search of bibliographies to July 2022.

CVOT Summit 2022 Report: new cardiovascular, kidney, and glycemic outcomes.

The 8th Cardiovascular Outcome Trial (CVOT) Summit on Cardiovascular, Kidney, and Glycemic Outcomes was held virtually on November 10-12, 2022. Following the tradition of previous summits, this reference congress served as a platform for in-depth discussion and exchange on recently completed outcomes trials as well as key trials important to the cardiovascular (CV) field. This year's focus was on the results of the DELIVER, EMPA-KIDNEY and SURMOUNT-1 trials and their implications for the treatment of heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and obesity with glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists.

Self-rated knowledge and competence regarding the management of chronic kidney disease in primary care: A cross-sectional European survey of primary care professionals.

Background: Diabetes is a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality and also associated with substantial costs to healthcare systems. Despite the current best practice standards of care, management of CKD in diabetes in the primary care setting remains an ongoing challenge. Using an online survey, we aimed to assess the self-rated knowledge and competence of primary care professionals involved in the management of CKD in diabetes in the European region.

Benefits and harms of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAAS-I) versus SGLT2-Is alone in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: It is uncertain if the combination of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-Is) and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAAS-Is) provides better cardio-renal clinical outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with SGLT2-Is alone. Using a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we evaluated the efficacy and safety with respect to cardio-renal outcomes of the combination of SGLT2 and RAAS inhibitors vs SGLT2-Is in patients with T2DM.

Methods: Studies were identified from MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library and search of bibliographies to May 2021.

Deintensification in older patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of approaches, rates and outcomes.

Aim: To assess deintensification approaches and rates and evaluate the harm and benefits of deintensification with antidiabetic medication and other therapies among older people (≥ 65 years) with type 2 diabetes with or without cardiometabolic conditions.

Methods: We identified relevant studies in a literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane databases to 30 October 2018. Data were extracted on baseline characteristics, details on deintensification and outcomes, and was synthesized using a narrative approach.

Parent's knowledge and perceptions of the health effects of environmental hazards in Sakarya, Turkey.

Objective: To assess the knowledge and perception of parents of high school students about the health effects of environmental hazards in Sakarya province of Turkey.

Method: The cross-section study was conducted in May 2009 in which randomly assigned 362 parents answered a questionnaire inquiring about the sociodemographics and a list of environmental hazards such as tobacco smoking, sunlight exposure and skin cancer, global climate change, air pollution, noise exposure, smoking during pregnancy and low birth-weight, exposure to radon and lung cancer, reducing radon, air pollution and cardiovascular diseases, base station and childhood leukaemia, extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields and brain tumour.The participants were also asked about water pollution, environmental tobacco smoke, air pollution, ozone depletion, exposure to radon gas, soil pollution, noise pollution, formaldehyde related with furniture, ground ozone and pesticides etc.

Series: The research agenda for general practice/family medicine and primary health care in Europe. Part 6: reaction on commentaries - how to continue with the Research Agenda?

The Research Agenda should be used as a key reference point to which new research should relate its usefulness and added value. Primary care evolves towards more interdisciplinary care, and research should focus more on the core competency of person-centred team care. There is an urgent need to develop clear definitions and appropriate research instruments for this domain.

Series: The research agenda for general practice/family medicine and primary health care in Europe. Part 5: Needs and implications for future research and policy.

The recently published 'Research Agenda for General Practice/Family Medicine and Primary Health Care in Europe' summarizes the evidence relating to the core competencies and characteristics of the Wonca Europe definition of GP/FM, and highlights related needs and implications for future research and policy. The European Journal of General Practice publishes a series of articles based on this document. In a first article, background, objectives, and methodology were discussed.

Series: The research agenda for general practice/family medicine and primary health care in Europe. Part 4. Results: specific problem solving skills.

The 'Research Agenda for General Practice/Family Medicine and Primary Health Care in Europe' summarizes the evidence relating to the core competencies and characteristics of the Wonca Europe definition of GP/FM, and its implications for general practitioners/family doctors, researchers and policy makers. The European Journal of General Practice publishes a series of articles based on this document. The previous articles presented background, objectives, and methodology, as well results on 'primary care management' and 'community orientation' and the person-related core competencies of GP/FM.

The research agenda for general practice/family medicine and primary health care in Europe. Part 3. Results: person centred care, comprehensive and holistic approach.

The recently published 'Research Agenda for General Practice/Family Medicine and Primary Health Care in Europe' summarizes the evidence relating to the core competencies and characteristics of the Wonca Europe definition of GP/FM, and its implications for general practitioners/family doctors, researchers and policy makers. The European Journal of General Practice publishes a series of articles based on this document. In a first article, background, objectives, and methodology were discussed.

Residents' views about family medicine specialty education in Turkey.

Background: Residents are one of the key stakeholders of specialty training. The Turkish Board of Family Medicine wanted to pursue a realistic and structured approach in the design of the specialty training programme. This approach required the development of a needs-based core curriculum built on evidence obtained from residents about their needs for specialty training and their needs in the current infrastructure.

The European EUCCLID pilot study on care and complications in an unselected sample of people with type 2 diabetes in primary care.

Background: European studies on quality of diabetes care in an unselected primary care diabetes population are scarce.

Research Question: To test the feasibility of the set-up and logistics of a cross-sectional EUropean study on Care and Complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Primary Care (EUCCLID) in 12 European countries.

Method: One rural and one urban practice from each country participated.

Series: The research agenda for general practice/family medicine and primary health care in Europe. Part 2. Results: Primary care management and community orientation.

At the WONCA Europe conference 2009 the recently published 'Research Agenda for General Practice/Family Medicine and Primary Health Care in Europe' was presented. It is a background paper and reference manual, providing advocacy of general practice/family medicine (GP/FM) in Europe. The Research Agenda summarizes the evidence relating to the core competencies and characteristics of the WONCA Europe definition of GP/FM, and its implications for general practitioners/family doctors, researchers and policy makers.

The Research Agenda for General Practice/Family Medicine and Primary Health Care in Europe. Part 1. Background and methodology.

At the WONCA Europe conference 2009 the recently published 'Research Agenda for General Practice/Family Medicine and Primary Health Care in Europe' was presented. The Research Agenda is a background paper and reference manual for GPs/ family doctors, researchers and policy makers, providing advocacy of general practice/family medicine GP/FM in Europe. The Research Agenda summarizes the evidence relating to the core competencies and characteristics of the WONCA Europe definition of GP/FM, and its meaning for researchers and policy makers.

Does urinary incontinence affect quality of life of Greek women less severely? A cross-sectional study in two Mediterranean settings.

Objective: Numerous studies have identified a reduced health-related quality of life (QoL) in patients with urinary incontinence (UI). The aim of this study was to assess and compare QoL in women with UI in the island of Crete, Greece, and in Turkey.

Methods: Incontinent women from two community-based primary health care (PHC) groups (Greece and Turkey) and one outpatient clinic-based group were studied.

The association between diabetes mellitus and urinary incontinence in adult women.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship of diabetes mellitus and urinary incontinence in adult women.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, comparative study with a case-control design. One thousand three hundred eighty-one women (aged 20-87 years) attending six Primary Healthcare Centers in Turkey were enrolled in this study, after giving their informed consent.

The EUCCLID study: proposed European study on care and complications in people with type 2 diabetes in primary care.

Aim: The EUCCLID study aims to compare the quality of type 2 diabetes (DM2) care and the prevalence of complications in primary care DM2 patients in Europe.

Design: A cross-sectional survey consisting of three parallel studies: (1) study on actual clinical practice; (2) study on patient's perspective of diabetes care; (3) study on general practitioner's perspective of diabetes care.

Methods: Patients will be randomly selected from a list of all patients known to the participating GPs with DM2 for whom the GP is the main diabetes care provider.

Risk factors for urinary incontinence in Turkish women. A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To explore the association between conventional risk factors and urinary leakage among a random sample of adult Turkish women.

Methods: Six hundred and fifty patients (mean age 33.2 +/- 10.

Parents' knowledge and behaviour concerning sunning their babies; a cross-sectional, descriptive study.

Background: For centuries, sunlight has been used for therapeutic purposes. Parents still sun their infants to treat neonatal jaundice, nappy rash or mostly to supply vitamin D for bone development as a consequence of health beliefs. In this study we aimed to assess knowledge and behaviour of parents about benefits of sunlight and sun protection.

Counselling and knowledge about contraceptive mode of action among married women; a cross-sectional study.

Background: Family planning counselling which covers knowledge transfer about contraceptive mode of action, by enabling informed choice, improves compliance to and efficiency of contraceptive methods. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between family planning counselling, counsellor and correct knowledge about mode of action of modern contraceptive methods among married women.

Methods: For this cross-sectional study, stratified (according to current modern contraceptive method in use) random sampling was performed from the registries of two primary health care centres.

Intentional sun exposure in infancy in Sakarya, Turkey.

Objective: To determine the extent of intentional sun exposure in infancy, and the prevalence of maternal belief that potentially increases the children's harm risk from ultraviolet radiation. The major determinants of mothers' beliefs and behaviors regarding sunning were also assessed.

Methods: Three hundred and ninety six Caucasian women mothering 0-12 month old infants, attending to Sakarya State Hospital Healthy Infant outpatient clinic in November 2003, filled in the questionnaire after giving their informed consent.

Satisfaction among women: differences between current users of barrier (male condom) and non-barrier methods.

Objectives: To determine the differences in and factors related to satisfaction between barrier (male condom) and non-barrier method users.

Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was used for collecting data for this cross-sectional survey. The questionnaires were completed via one-on-one interviews by the researchers.