High Homocysteine Levels Are Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Patients Who Recovered from COVID-19 in the Long Term.

In this study, we measured the levels of depression and cognition in people recovering from COVID-19. Moreover, we aimed to investigate the relationship between depression and cognition levels by measuring homocysteine concentrations. It included 62 people recovering from COVID-19 (at least 3 months after positive RT-PCR) and 64 people without COVID-19 (control group).

Monocyte/HDL Cholesterol Ratios as a New Inflammatory Marker in Patients with Schizophrenia.

Purpose: Monocyte/HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR) is a novel inflammatory marker that is used as a prognostic factor for cardiovascular diseases and has been studied in many diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of inflammatory factors in schizophrenia patients by examining MHR levels and to compare schizophrenia patients and healthy controls in terms of cardiovascular disease risk.

Method: A total of 135 participants between the ages of 18-65, 85 diagnosed with schizophrenia, and 50 healthy individuals in the control group were included in this cross-sectional study.

Melatonin levels are low in COVID-19 positive patients and these levels are associated with depression, death anxiety and insomnia.

In this study, we aimed to measure the melatonin levels in COVID-19 positive patients and to investigate the relationship of these levels with depression, death anxiety and insomnia. COVID-19 positive pneumonia group, COVID-19 negative pneumonia group and healthy control groups were included in the study. Melatonin ELISA kit was used.

Combination of Phycocyanin, Zinc, and Selenium Improves Survival Rate and Inflammation in the Lipopolysaccharide-Galactosamine Mouse Model.

Sepsis is related to systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, the primary causes of death in intensive care units. Severe functional abnormalities in numerous organs can arise due to sepsis, with acute lung damage being the most common and significant morbidity. Spirulina, blue-green algae with high protein, vitamins, phycocyanin, and antioxidant content, shows anti-inflammatory properties by decreasing the release of cytokines.

Low α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase plasma concentration correlates with the presence and severity of the bipolar affective disorder.

Objectives: Believing that a neurodevelopmental pathology may cause bipolar affective disorder (BAD), we aimed to measure the concentrations of α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (α-NAGAL), a lysosomal enzyme.

Methods: The study included 32 patients with BAD and 32 healthy controls. The Young Mania Rating Scale was used to measure the severity of the disease.

Could low α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase plasma concentration cause schizophrenia?

Objectives: Using a neurodevelopmental approach to examine the aetiology, we predicted an enzyme deficiency to exist at the cellular level and aimed to measure α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (α-NAGAL) blood levels.

Methods: The study included 32 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 30 healthy controls. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) was applied to the patients with schizophrenia.

A new inflammatory marker: elevated eosinophil-tolymphocyte ratio associated with presence and severity of isolated coronary artery ectasia.

Objectives: The pathophysiology of isolated coronary artery ectasia (CAE) involves atherosclerosis and inflammation. Eosinophils and lymphocytes have been found to play a significant role in inflammation, atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction. Many studies have explored the relationship between isolated CAE and systemic inflammation.

Spotlights on some electrocardiographic paradigms: How should we evaluate normal reference values of Tp-Te interval, Tp-Te dispersion and Tp-Te/QT ratio?

Background: Experimental and clinical studies evaluating the Tp-Te interval and Tp-Te/QT ratio have reported conflicting data. The overlap between normal Tp-Te/QT ratios (0.17 ±0.

Is there a relationship between epicardial fat tissue thickness and Tp-Te/QT ratio in healthy individuals?

Introduction: Epicardial fat is a tissue that releases many proinflammatory and atherogenic mediators, with endocrine and paracrine effects on the heart. In this study, the implication of the EFT thickness (EFTt) on transmural dispersion of repolarisation (TDR) was analysed utilizing the T-wave peak to end interval (Tp-Te), the Tp-Te dispersion (Tp-Te (d)), and the Tp-Te/QT ratio.

Material And Methods: One thousand seven hundred and thirteen subjects were enrolled in the research.

The Impact of Subtype Distribution in Inflammatory Breast Cancer Outcome.

Objective: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) has an unfavourable prognosis despite the advances made in the treatment of breast cancer. Our study aimed to define immunohistochemistry-based surrogate subtype distribution to determine whether the breast cancer subtype accompanied survival outcome differences in IBC.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of female breast cancer patients with non-metastatic inflammatory breast cancer admitted to our clinic between March 2000 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.

High genetic diversity of hepatitis delta virus in eastern Turkey.

Introduction: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a serious cause of liver-related mortality in patients infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Determination of genotypes of HDV and phylogenetic analysis are important for better understanding the pathogenesis of the liver diseases associated with HBV infection. The aim of this study was to determine the genotype or genotypes of HDV among chronically infected patients with HBV in eastern Turkey.

Three-item Direct Observation Screen (TIDOS) for autism spectrum disorder.

We compared ratings on the Three-Item Direct Observation Screen test for autism spectrum disorders completed by pediatric residents with the Social Communication Questionnaire parent reports as an augmentative tool for improving autism spectrum disorder screening performance. We examined three groups of children (18-60 months) comparable in age (18-24 month, 24-36 month, 36-60 preschool subgroups) and gender distribution: n = 86 with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.

Ferritin and hyperactivity ratings in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Background: Iron is a co-factor of tyrosine hydroxylase which is a critical enzyme in dopamine synthesis. Dopamine has been implicated in the pathophysiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Our objective was to investigate the association of ferritin level with parent and teacher ratings and cognitive measures after controlling for age, sex, ADHD subtype, comorbid conditions, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and reticulocyte distribution width in a large sample.

Characteristics of DSM-IV attention deficit hyperactivity disorder combined and predominantly inattentive subtypes in a Turkish clinical sample.

Consecutively referred subjects (N = 537) to an outpatient clinic were evaluated to compare the Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Combined (ADHD-C) and predominantly inattentive (ADHD-PI) subtypes using parent and teacher ratings and neuropsychological variables. Statistical significance was at P < 0.002 adjusted for multiple comparisons.

Effect of Ferritin on Short-Term Treatment Response in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Objectives: Several studies have shown that iron deficiency and ferritin levels are associated with parent and teacher Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) ratings. Although there are conflicting results, it has also been reported that iron supplementation may help to decrease ADHD symptoms. When all these previous studies are taken into account, it is clear that a large study investigating the effects of iron deficiency and ferritin levels on routine pharmacological treatment of ADHD with stimulants would be helpful to elucidate this treatment from a clinical point of view.

[Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Social Communication Scale.].

Unlabelled: Reliability and validity of the turkish version of the social communication scale.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Social Communication Scale (SCQ).

Method: Throughout 2010-2011, we evaluated children who were between 18-60 months of age in the outpatient clinic who were diagnosed as having autism (n=49) or pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (n=18) according to the DMS-IV criteria.

Effects of zinc and ferritin levels on parent and teacher reported symptom scores in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Objective: It has been suggested that both low iron and zinc levels might be associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms. However, the association of zinc and iron levels with ADHD symptoms has not been investigated at the same time in a single sample.

Method: 118 subjects with ADHD (age = 7-14 years, mean = 9.

[Reliability and validity of Turkish translation of the pediatric sleep questionnaire].

Objective: Aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish translation of Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ)-the extended version. The Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) has two versions: a shorter one, which has been validated for sleep-related breathing disorders, and an extended version, which deals with a wider range of sleep disturbances.

Method: After translation and back-translation of the PSQ, it was filled in by the parents of 99 patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 34 patients with Upper Airway Resistance and Snoring (UARS), and 42 healthy controls.

[Comparison of cerebral blood flow in children with obsessive compulsive disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder].

Objective: It has been reported that both obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) might be related to impairments in frontal-striatal brain circuits. Besides, these two disorders are frequently comorbid. However, there are no published studies directly comparing the neurobiological findings in these two disorders.

Relation of ferritin levels with symptom ratings and cognitive performance in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.

Background: The aim of the present paper was to investigate the relationship between behavioral symptoms and attentional and executive functions and hematological variables related to iron deficiency and anemia, ferritin, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and red cell distribution width (RDW) in children and adolescents with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: The sample consisted of 52 ADHD children (42 boys, 10 girls; age 7-13 years; mean +/- SD, 9.9 +/- 2.

Relationship of ferritin to symptom ratings children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: effect of comorbidity.

Our aim was to investigate the relation between behavioral symptoms and hematological variables which are related with iron deficiency and anemia, ferritin, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and reticulosite distribution width (RDW) in children and adolescents with pure Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or ADHD comorbid with other psychiatric disorders. The sample consisted of 151 subjects with ADHD, 45 of these subjects had other comorbid conditions. Conners Parent (CPRS) and Teacher Rating Scales (CTRS) were obtained.

Association between low serum ferritin and restless legs syndrome in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral disorder characterized by pervasive inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. It has been suggested that ADHD symptoms are associated with restless legs syndrome (RLS), which is a neurological condition that is defined by an irresistible urge to move the legs. Increasing evidence suggests iron deficiency may underlie common pathophysiological mechanisms in subjects with ADHD and with RLS.

Regional cerebral blood flow in children with ADHD: changes with age.

The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with age in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Twenty-nine drug-naive ADHD subjects (24 boys, 5 girls; age 7-13; mean+/-SD=age 9.2+/-2.

Symptoms defined by parents' and teachers' ratings in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: changes with age.

Objective: To determine whether Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 (CBCL) and Teacher Report Form (TRF) scores of children and adolescents with a first-time diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are different and whether there is a similar difference in normal control subjects.

Method: We analyzed the CBCL and TRF scores of 146 patients (124 boys and 22 girls, aged 6 to 18 years; mean age 11.0 years, SD 3.