The effectiveness of endoscopic sclerotherapy in the treatment of esophageal varices in children with prehepatic portal hypertension.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of endoscopic sclerotherapy (EST) in the treatment of esophagogastric varices in cases of extrahepatic portal hypertension (EHPH) secondary to portal vein thrombosis.

Materials And Methods: Records of cases that underwent endoscopic sclerotherapy for esophagogastric varices between 1990 and 2022 in our clinic were retrospectively reviewed. The age, gender, symptomatology, etiology, clinical, laboratory, and radiological data of the patients, as well as treatment outcomes, were evaluated.

Perioperative hypersensitivity in children: A prospective multidisciplinary study.

Background: There are few studies of perioperative hypersensitivity reactions in children. The diagnosis of perioperative hypersensitivity reactions may be under estimated because it is difficult to recognize the reactions. Anaphylaxis may go unnoticed because of patient unconsciousness.

Reversal of Rocuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Blockade by Sugammadex Under Sevoflurane and Desflurane Anesthesia in Children.

Objective: In children, neuromuscular blockers may have different effects with various inhalation agents and incomplete reversal of the blockade continues to be a problem. The aim of the study is to observe the effects of sugammadex on reversing the blockade by a single dose of rocuronium, the peak inspiratory pressure, hemodynamic parameters in children under sevoflurane and desflurane anesthesia.

Materials And Methods: One hundred forty-eight children aged 2-10 years old, to be operated under shortterm general anesthesia, were enrolled in this prospective randomized controlled trial.

Challenging Anaesthesia Management of a Patient with Fryns Syndrome: A Case Report.

Fryns syndrome cases with variable characteristics require careful preoperative evaluation and have challenges for airway management. Craniofacial anomalies can complicate both ventilation and intubation. Extubation can also be problematic because of limited pulmonary reserves.

Posterior transversus abdominis plane block versus lateral quadratus lumborum block in children undergoing open orchiopexy: a randomized clinical trial☆.

Background: Due to the complex innervation of the testicle and spermatic cord, analgesic management can be challenging in orchiopexy. We aimed to compare the effects of posterior Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) and lateral Quadratus Lumborum Block (QLB) on analgesic use, pain, and parent satisfaction in unilateral orchiopexy.

Methods: ASA I-III, aged 6 months -to 12 years children undergoing unilateral orchiopexy were included to this double-blinded randomized trial.

Effect of paediatric caudal injection volume on optic nerve sheath diameter and regional cerebral oximetry: A randomised trial.

Background: Caudal injections commonly used for neuraxial anaesthesia in children can displace cerebrospinal fluid cranially causing safety concerns in terms of raised intracranial pressure. Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a noninvasive surrogate for the measurement of intracranial pressure. Regional cerebral oximetry (CrSO 2 ) can monitor brain oxygenation, which may decrease by a reduction in cerebral flow due to increased intracranial pressure.

Pudendal nerve block for circumcision of pediatric patient with Pierre Robin Sequence: case report.

Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) is a congenital condition characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate that presents with airway obstruction and developmental delay with or without other congenital anomalies. These patients' anesthesia management is challenging because of difficult ventilation and intubation. Regional anesthesia methods should be considered for these patients on a case-by-case basis.

Does magnetic resonance imaging increase core body temperature in children? Results of the administration of propofol and ketofol: a randomized clinical study.

Background And Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may cause a temperature increase in the imaging area, while intravenous anesthetics may develop a tendency for hypothermia, especially in the pediatric population. The effect of different anesthetics on core body temperature in children during these procedures remains controversial. We examined the effect of propofol and ketofol on core body temperatures in a pediatric population during MRI.

Complications during esophageal endoscopy with or without baloon dilation under general anesthesia in pediatric patients: a prospective and observational study.

Background: Complications can occur during esophagoscopy as a result of applied procedure in children, especially during dilation techic. Our aim was to identify cardio-respiratory alterations during esophagoscopy with or without baloon dilation under anesthesia in children, and to investigate the postoperative complications.

Methods: Prospective, observational study of endoscopic procedures in patients 0-16 years.

Anaesthetic Management of a Child with a Massive Mediastinal Mass.

Mediastinal masses are benign or malignant tumours that originate from the thymus, thyroid, lung, lymphoid system, pleura, or pericardium. Cardiovascular and respiratory symptoms may occur because of the compression of surrounding tissues along with growing mass. In this study, we present the anaesthetic management of a 6-month-old child having a massive anterior mediastinal mass that had a compressing effect.

Pudendal Nerve Block Versus Penile Nerve Block in Children Undergoing Circumcision.

Purpose: Penile nerve block is the most popular nerve block for the circumcision in pediatric patients. This study aimed to compare the analgesic efficiency of penile nerve block and the pudendal nerve block on postoperative pain and additional analgesic requirements in children undergoing circumcision.

Material And Methods: This prospective randomized double-blind study enrolled 85 children, aged 1 to10 years, undergoing circumcision.

Does Previous Open Renal Stone Surgery Affect the Outcome of Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy Treatment in Adults with Renal Stones?

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of previous ipsilateral open renal stone surgery (ORSS) on outcomes of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) in adults with renal stones.

Materials And Methods: A total of 2097 renal units with renal stones underwent SWL treatment at our institution between March 1997 and February 2013. One thousand eight hundred thirty-nine (87.

The anaesthetic consideration of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration in children.

Cases of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration are frequently encountered emergency cases of childhood; and, delays in its recognition and treatment do result in serious morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis mainly relies on taking history which should indicate what the foreign body is, when it has been aspirated and where it is located. Belated consultation can cause misdiagnosis with the mixing of the symptoms and data with those of other pathologies common to childhood and further delays in the correct diagnosis.

Laryngotracheal edema due to thermal injury: A complication after thyroidectomy in children.

Postoperative respiratory insufficiency is a serious complication of total thyroidectomies which can be multifactorial, especially in children. We report two siblings who had undergone thyroidectomy with subsequent respiratory distress. Electrothermal bipolar and harmonic scalpel were used during thyroid dissections.

Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block for postoperative analgesia in neonates and young infants: retrospective analysis of a case series. TAP blocks in neonates and young infants.

Background: The effectiveness of the TAP block in children has been well characterized in literature. However, there are only few reports about TAP block in the neonates and low birth weight groups. This is a retrospective observational analysis of ultrasound - assisted TAP blocks in neonates and young infants.

Pudendal Versus Caudal Block in Children Undergoing Hypospadias Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background And Objectives: Postoperative pain management after hypospadias surgery is often challenging. Caudal block is used for analgesia but has limitations. This study compares the analgesic efficiency of pudendal block with that of caudal block in pediatric patients undergoing hypospadias repair surgery.

Anaesthetic Management of a Patient with Synchronous Kartagener Syndrome and Biliary Atresia.

Kartagener syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by primary ciliary dyskinesia accompanied by sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus. Synchronous extrahepatic biliary atresia and Kartagener syndrome are very rare. During the preoperative preparation of patients with Kartagener syndrome, special attention is required for the respiratory and cardiovascular system.

Should warm fresh whole blood be the first choice in acute massive hemorrhage in emergency conditions?

Early management of rapid massive hemorrhage requires early administration of blood products and rapid surgical control of bleeding. Professionals in peripheral hospitals with limited resources often work under conditions similar to those in the military. Described in the present report are 3 cases in which warm fresh whole blood (WFWB) was used in patients with massive bleeding who presented to a peripheral hospital that had no blood products suitable for emergency conditions.

Anaphylaxis after administration of amikacin containing sodium metabisulfite in a premature newborn.

Anaphylaxis is a serious systemic hypersensitivity reaction that is rapid in onset and can cause death. Premature newborns, whose immunological system is immature, are less likely to develop anaphylaxis. Administration of amikacin, containing sodium metabisulfite, to a 3-day-old premature newborn, induced a near fatal anaphylaxis.

Emergency bronchoscopy for foreign-body aspiration in a child with type I mucopolysaccharidosis: a challenging airway management experience.

The mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a rare lysosomal storage disease. Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) accumulate in musculoskeletal system, connective tissues. Enlarged tongue, short immobile neck, and limited mobility of the cervical spine and temporomandibular joints render the airway management potentially risky.

Results of a Two-stage Technique for Treatment of Proximal Hypospadias with Severe Curvature: Creation of a Urethral Plate Using a Vascularized Preputial Island Flap.

Purpose: To present the results of a two-stage technique used for the treatment of proximal hypospadias with severe curvature.

Materials And Methods: The medical records of children with proximal hypospadias and severe curvature were retrospectively analyzed. A 2-stage procedure was performed in 30 children.

Ultrasound-assisted transversus abdominis plane block vs wound infiltration in pediatric patient with inguinal hernia: randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: To compare the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-assisted transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block and wound infiltration during the first postoperative 24hours.

Design: A prospective, observer-blinded, randomized, and controlled study

Setting: Operating room of a university hospital.

Patients: Forty patients received a TAP block (TAP group) and 40 patients received wound infiltration (INF group) at the end of the surgery.