Drug repurposing: Metformin's effect against liver tissue damage in diabetes and prostate cancer model.

Background: There are evidences linking diabetes to the pathogenesis and progression of various cancers. Metformin is a well-known antidiabetic drug that reduces the levels of circulating glucose and insulin in patients with both insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of metformin on the liver of rats bearing prostate cancer, diabetes and prostate cancer + diabetes via histopathological and biochemical methods.

Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of the ECT Perception and Knowledge Scale.

Introduction: Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is an effective and safe treatment method used in the treatment of various psychiatric diseases. However, negative attitudes associated with ECT are common. This causes many negative consequences, from the treatment preference to treatment response and stigma.

Investigation of the relationship between MTRR A66G, MTR A2756G gene variations and cell anomalies in early diagnosis and progression of bladder cancer.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between MTRR A66G, MTRA2756G gene variations and cell anomalies in the early diagnosis and progression of bladder cancer.

Methods: PCR and RFLP methods were used to determine the genotype distributions of MTRR A66G and MTR A2756G gene variations. Peripheral smear preparations prepared from blood samples were fixed with methanol fixative and stained histochemically.

Val158Met polymorphism is associated with ecstasy (MDMA)-induced psychotic symptoms in the Turkish population.

Objectives: To investigate catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met gene polymorphism in MDMA use disorder (MUD) by comparing genotype distributions between MUD patients and healthy controls considering clinical parameters.

Methods: Eighty-two MUD patients' were consecutively admitted to the outpatient psychiatry clinic in May 2019-January 2020, and 95 healthy volunteers were included in the case-control study. We used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to determine Val158Met polymorphism.

Brain Boron Level, DNA Content, and Myeloperoxidase Activity of Metformin-Treated Rats in Diabetes and Prostate Cancer Model.

In this study, the effect of metformin on boron levels and oxidative brain damage in rats due to diabetes and prostate cancer was investigated for the first time. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the amount of DNA were investigated as tissue oxidative and toxic damage parameters. In Copenhagen rats, Dunning prostate cancer was induced using high metastatic MAT-Lylu cells and diabetes was induced by single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) injection.

UCP2 and CFH Gene Variants with Genetic Susceptibility to Schizophrenia in Turkish Population.

Objective: Schizophrenia (Sch) is a complex, multifactorial psychiatric disorder. Growing evidence shows that oxidative damage and immunological dysfunction exist in the Sch physiopathology. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether the Uncoupling protein 2 and Complement factor H gene variants play any role in susceptibility to Sch.

A Relationship between Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthetase Gene Variants and Substance Use Disorder.

Background: Addictive substances are known to result in oxidative stress (OS). OS enhances the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduces antioxidant capacity. Peroxides and oxygen radicals, including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide and radical nitrogen species, including nitric oxide (NO), are parts of the ROS.

Phlebia gigantea cells immobilized on renewable biomass matrix as potential ecofriendly scavenger for lead contamination.

A novel biomaterial was prepared by the immobilization of Phlebia gigantea cells in the medium containing lignocellulosic waste and used for the first time in the bioremediation purpose. The developed new biocomposite possesses higher Pb(II) retention potential when compared with the free microbial cells. It could remove Pb(II) up to 74.

Delayed Onset Abducens Nerve Palsy following Uncomplicated Large Cystic Vestibular Schwannoma Resection: Case Report.

Although delayed facial palsy after vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery is a poorly understood but a well-known phenomenon, other delayed cranial nerve palsies in the cerebellopontine angle have not been reported after VS surgery. In this report, we describe a 54-year-old woman with a large cystic VS who experienced double vision and a new delayed onset right abducens nerve (AbN) palsy, 3 weeks after gross total resection of VS via a translabyrinthine approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing delayed isolated AbN palsy after uncomplicated VS surgery.

Validation of the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index and pSkindex27 for use in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: To determine the measurement properties of the Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI) and the paediatric adaptation of the Skindex29 (pSkindex27) when used in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE).

Methods: Patients with mucocutaneous involvement of cSLE were evaluated at the study entry and 6 months later. Besides the CLASI and pSkindex27, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core scale (PedsQL-GC), its Rheumatology Module (PedsQL-RM), the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and the SLE Damage Index (SDI) were completed.

Urine biomarkers of chronic kidney damage and renal functional decline in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objectives: To delineate urine biomarkers that reflect kidney structural damage and predict renal functional decline in pediatric lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods: In this prospective study, we evaluated kidney biopsies and urine samples of 89 patients with pediatric LN. Urinary levels of 10 biomarkers [adiponectin, ceruloplasmin, kidney injury molecule-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, osteopontin, transforming growth factor-ß (TGFß), vitamin-D binding protein, liver fatty acid binding protein (LFABP), and transferrin] were measured.

Blindness and visual impairment in opera.

Purpose: The performing arts mirror the human condition. This study sought to analyze the reasons for inclusion of visually impaired characters in opera, the cause of the blindness or near blindness, and the dramatic purpose of the blindness in the storyline.

Methods: We reviewed operas from the 18 century to 2010 and included all characters with ocular problems.

Juvenile dermatomyositis: a tertiary center experience.

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and primarily involves muscle and skin. It is the most common idiopathic inflammatory myopathy of childhood. This study aimed to evaluate demographic and clinical features, laboratory data, treatment modalities, and outcome of patients with JDM at a referral pediatric rheumatology center in Turkey.

The developmental origins of metacognitive deficits in schizophrenia.

The deficits in metacognition have been observed in schizophrenia but developmental roots of impaired metacognition are not well understood. Accordingly, this study compared metacognitive abilities of patients with schizophrenia and healthy group and examined the relationship between childhood trauma, attachment style and caregiver attitudes with metacognitive capacity which might contribute to metacognitive deficits in patient group. 35 patients with schizophrenia and 35 healthy people were included in the study.

Executive functions and memory in autogenous and reactive subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder patients.

There are concurrently with different results of studies about cognitive functions of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), impairment in non-verbal memory and executive functioning in OCD, has shown consistent results in several studies. In this study, 62 OCD patients and 40 healthy controls were participated. Firstly, cognitive functions of OCD group and healthy control group were compared in terms of scores in Stroop Test, Wisconsin Cart Sorting Test (WCST), Auditory Consonant Trigram Test (ACTT), Controlled Word Association Test (CWAT), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Digit Span Test (DST).

Recurrent optic neuritis: clues from a long-term follow up study of recurrent and bilateral optic neuritis patients.

Background And Aim: Optic neuritis (ON) can be recurrent, with unilateral or bilateral presentation. Diagnosis of recurrent cases may be challenging. In this study long-term follow-up of recurrent and/or bilateral ON patients is reported in an effort to guide differential diagnosis and treatment.

Edme Mariotte (1620-1684): Pioneer of Neurophysiology.

Edme Mariotte, a Roman Catholic priest and a founding member of l'Académie des sciences de Paris in 1666, is mainly remembered as the first scientist to discover the blind spot, known as Mariotte's Spot, in visual fields. His extensive work on optics and color perception is less well remembered. In addition, he made other important discoveries in different areas of science such as physics, mechanics, hydraulics, optics, plant physiology, meteorology, surveying, and research methodology.

Suramin modulates wound healing of rabbit conjunctiva after trabeculectomy: comparison with mitomycin C.

Purpose: To investigate and compare the effects of suramin and mitomycin C on conjunctival wound healing after trabeculectomy in a rabbit model.

Materials And Methods: Thirty New Zealand White rabbits were divided into three groups, and trabeculectomy was performed on the left eyes under general anesthesia. During the surgery, suramin (250 mg/ml) and mitomycin C (0.

Anterior segment indocyanine green angiography in pterygium surgery with conjunctival autograft transplantation.

Purpose: To assess indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) as a method for monitoring autograft perfusion after pterygium excision with limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation (LCAT) and to compare ICGA with anterior segment fluorescein angiography (ASFA).

Design: Nonrandomized prospective interventional case series.

Methods: Twelve eyes of 11 patients with primary pterygium treated by excision and limbal-conjunctival autograft transplantation were studied in a clinical practice.