Decoding pulsatile patterns of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics through enhancing interpretability in machine learning.

Analyses of complex behaviors of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) have become increasingly important in diseases diagnosis. The changes of the phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) signal formed by the velocity of flowing CSF are represented as a set of velocity-encoded images or maps, which can be thought of as signal data in the context of medical imaging, enabling the evaluation of pulsatile patterns throughout a cardiac cycle. However, automatic segmentation of the CSF region in a PC-MRI image is challenging, and implementing an explained ML method using pulsatile data as a feature remains unexplored.

Growth hormone-releasing pituitary microadenoma overshaded by a macroadenoma: a case of double pituitary adenomas and review of the literature.

Objectives: Double pituitary adenoma is a rare entity that can pose a significant challenge. The incidence of double or multiple pituitary adenomas is ∼1% in autopsy cases and 0.4-1.

CT-guided piriformis muscle injection for the treatment of piriformis syndrome.

Aim: Piriformis syndrome is a rare neuromuscular disorder that occurs when the piriformis muscle compresses or irritates the sciatic nerve. The treatment of piriformis syndrome includes injections into the piriformis muscle around the sciatic nerve. These invasive approaches have been used with various techniques to increase the safety of the procedure.

Unusual massive spinal metastasis of an intracranial oligodendroglioma.

Herein, we present a case of anaplastic oligodendroglioma with massive spinal metastasis in the first post-operative year without any residual tumor or recurrence in the primary tumor site. Along with the reported literature, our case highlights the importance of periodic radiological evaluation of the spinal canal including the pre- and post-treatment period, in patients with intracerebral oligodendroglioma.

Effect of erythropoietin on brain tissue after experimental head trauma in rats.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of EPO on LPO, on ultrastructural findings, and on antiapoptotic bcl-2 and survivin gene expressions after TBI. The authors also compared the activity of EPO with that of MPSS.

Methods: Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: sham-operated, control, moderate TBI-alone (300 g/cm), TBI + EPO-treated (1000 IU/kg), TBI + MPSS-treated (30 mg/kg), and TBI + vehicle-treated (0.

Spontaneous resolution of syringomyelia without Chiari malformation.

A 30-year-old woman presented with a cervical syrinx manifesting as hemihypesthesia. Neuroimaging found no evidence of Chiari malformation or tight cisterna magna. Serial magnetic resonance imaging studies over a 6-year period demonstrated spontaneous and complete resolution of the syrinx accompanied by an asymptomatic clinical course.

Comparative dural closure techniques: a safety study in rats.

Background: Some neurosurgical procedures have high morbidity and mortality rates due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula development, particularly when dural defects are in relatively inaccessible areas or surrounded by friable dura. We used a rat model to test 4 different dural closure techniques to determine which one was significantly superior for achieving a watertight dural closure with minimal harm to brain tissue.

Methods: The rats were randomly divided into 2 groups.

Medulloblastoma in a child with the metabolic disease L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria.

L-2-Hydroxyglutaric aciduria (LHGA) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder. It is characterized by psychomotor retardation, progressive ataxia and typical magnetic resonance imaging findings, and presents in early infancy. On the other hand, medulloblastomas are very common solid tumors of childhood and infancy.