Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone cancer in pediatric patients. Patients who respond poorly to chemotherapy experience worse clinical outcomes with a high mortality rate. The major challenge is the lack of effective drugs for these patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to assess survival outcomes, prognostic factors, and adverse events following chemotherapy treatment for osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. This retrospective observational study was conducted to collect the data of the patients with osteosarcoma or Ewing's sarcoma who received chemotherapy treatment between 2008 and 2019. The flexible parametric survival model was performed to explore the adjusted survival probability and the prognostic factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSurvival rate of osteosarcoma has remained plateaued for the past three decades. New treatment is needed to improve survival rate. Drug repurposing, a method to identify new indications of previous drugs, which saves time and cost compared to the de novo drug discovery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to analyze burden of STS and GIST in population and survival rate which represented the current situation of treatment in Thailand. The data was collected from five population-based cancer registries around the country for the period 2001 through 2015. The Segi world standard population was used to calculated age-standardized incidence rates (ASR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA liquid biopsy is currently an interesting tool for measuring tumor material with the advantage of being non-invasive. The overexpression of vimentin and ezrin genes was associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key process in metastasis and progression in osteosarcoma (OS). In this study, we identified other OS-specific genes by calculating differential gene expression using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, confirmed by using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) to detect OS-specific genes, including and in the buffy coat, which were obtained from the whole blood of OS patients and healthy donors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Epidemiology data from population-based cancer registries (PBCR) can be very valuable in the development of health policy and for improving the quality of cancer control strategies.
Methods: This study analyzed the incidence of bone sarcomas in Thailand during 2001 - 2015 by analyzing data obtained from 5 PBCRs across country. Incidence rates per million person-years by sex, histological subtype, primary site and 5-year age group were calculated.
Objective: Germline mutations of the TP53 tumour suppressor gene are the only known cause of the hereditary autosomal disorder called Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). However, little information is available about TP53 pathogenic variants in Asian LFS patients, making it difficult to provide precise genetic counselling with regard to long-term cancer risk. We conducted a systematic review to gather relevant case-control studies exploring the association between TP53 polymorphisms and the incidence of cancer belonging to the LFS spectrum in Asian populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteosarcoma is one of the most aggressive bone tumors in children and adolescents. Development of effective therapeutic options is still lacking due to the complexity of the genomic background. In previous work, we applied a proteomics-guided drug repurposing to explore potential treatments for osteosarcoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bone Oncol
December 2020
Background: Abnormality in the DNA methylation process is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Emerging evidence strongly supports the idea that defects in DNA methyl transferases (DNMTs) are involved in tumor development and progression. This alteration has major effects at the transcription level of various cancer-associated genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Early prediction of clinical response to conventional chemotherapy is a significant factor in determining an overall treatment strategy for osteosarcoma.
Methods: Cells were extracted from treatment-naïve biopsies from 16 osteosarcoma patients who received a doxorubicin and cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen and their sensitivities to doxorubicin and cisplatin were measured as IC50 values. Associations of in vitro drug sensitivity (IDS) levels and clinical outcomes were examined.
BMC Cancer
March 2020
Background: Clinical outcomes of patients with osteosarcoma remain unsatisfactory, with little improvement in a 5-year overall survival over the past three decades. There is a substantial need for further research and development to identify and develop more efficacious agents/regimens in order to improve clinical outcomes of patients for whom the prognosis is unfavorable. Recently, mycophenolate mofetil, a prodrug of mycophenolic acid, has been found to have anticancer activity against osteosarcoma in both in vitro and animal experiments, so that further investigation in humans is warranted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOur previous review of proteomics data showed that in osteosarcoma, some overexpressed proteins were targets of FDA-approved immunosuppressive and anti-arrhythmic drugs, including mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), ribavirin, leflunomide, azathioprine and digoxin. Here, these drugs were screened for growth inhibitory effects in human osteosarcoma cell lines, including MNNG/HOS, U2OS, SaOS-2, MG-63 and 143B cells. Only mycophenolic acid (MPA), an active metabolite of MMF, efficiently inhibited osteosarcoma cell growth with IC values of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Diverse aberrancy in genetic background, protein profiling, and biological pathways have emerged as important factors hindering discovery of effective treatment of osteosarcoma. In a previous study, we used a proteomic approach to identify some osteosarcoma-related proteins by analysis of protein profiling in individual patients through primary cell culture. Endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 (ERp29) emerged as a protein of interest for further study since accumulating evidence suggests it has broad functions in tumorigenesis of different types of cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOncogenic drivers of osteosarcoma remain controversial due to the complexity of the genomic background of the disease. There are limited novel therapeutic options, and the survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma has not improved in decades. Genomic instability leads to complexity in various pathways, which is potentially revealed at the protein level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Pharmacother
April 2019
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease, which is closely related to cartilage degradation. Anthocyanins, a natural flavonoid pigments, exhibit strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of anthocyanin on inflammatory response in OA has not been investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bone Oncol
February 2019
Purpose: To assess the failure rate and mode failure of high-grade osteosarcoma patients who received extracorporeal irradiation and re-implantation (ECIR) in extremities.
Patients And Methods: For the cohort study, patients who had received ECIR at a single institution between January 1996 and December 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. Characteristics of failure and time to failure were recorded and analyzed.
Purpose: To validate the presence of serine-threonine kinase receptor-associated Protein (STRAP) in osteosarcoma tissue and to investigate the oncological role of STRAP in osteosarcoma.
Methods: Expression of STRAP protein in osteosarcoma tissue compared to soft callus (hyperactive bone healing tissue) and in multiple cell lines was examined using western blot analysis. Effects of STRAP silencing on cell proliferation, invasion, migration and re-implantability in chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) were observed in osteosarcoma cell lines (MNNG-HOS, 143B, and U2OS).
Background: This study identifies the overall survival status of lung cancer patients with bone metastasis and metastasis patterns. Poor prognostic factors were identified to develop a scoring system for estimating survival period after bone metastasis.
Methods: retrospective cohort analysis was performed at Chiang Mai University for the period January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2013.
Background: Treatment of recurrent aggressive fibromatosis (AF) following surgical resection is a clinical challenge. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been reported to be an effective option for controlling the disease. However, long-term NSAID use can result in unfavorable complications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenetic aberrations are recognized as having pivotal roles in cancer etiology and progression. Histone deacetylases are among the most studied epigenetic modulators in various cancer types. The expression levels of class I histone deacetylase isoforms 1, 2, and 3 in patient-derived primary osteosarcoma cells (6 cases) was investigated, comparing them to normal bone graft-derived osteoblasts (6 cases) using the immunoblotting technique.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReceptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are membrane receptors that play a vital role in various biological processes, in particular, cell survival, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. These cellular processes are composed of multitiered signaling cascades of kinases starting from ligand binding to extracellular domains of RTKs that activate the entire pathways through tyrosine phosphorylation of the receptors and downstream effectors. A previous study reported that, based on proteomics data, RTKs were a major candidate target for osteosarcoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite multimodal therapeutic treatments of osteosarcoma (OS), some patients develop resistance to currently available regimens and eventually end up with recurrent or metastatic outcomes. Many attempts have been made to discover effective drugs for improving outcome; however, due to the heterogeneity of the disease, new therapeutic options have not yet been identified. This study aims to explore potential targeted therapy related to protein profiles of OS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. The current 5-year survival rate is ~60% and that seems to be reaching a plateau. In order to improve treatment outcomes of osteosarcoma, a better understanding of tumorigenesis and underlying molecular mechanisms is required for searching out possible new treatment targets.
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