A conceptual framework to increase usability of outcome research for evidence-based practice.

Although evidence-based practice is the current practice approach recommended for use in occupational therapy, practitioners often report difficulties in using research evidence because of its content and presentation. This paper discusses a conceptual model that researchers can use to create research evidence that is easier for practitioners to understand and use. The Diffusion of Innovations Theory is used as a framework to identify desirable characteristics that may facilitate practitioners' adoption and utilization of research evidence.

Teachers' survey on problems with handwriting: referral, evaluation, and outcomes.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the factors that led elementary school teachers to refer students with handwriting difficulties to occupational therapy, the criteria they used to determine acceptable handwriting, and the handwriting outcomes they looked for after occupational therapy services.

Method: A paper questionnaire composed of 31 close-ended questions was mailed to 400 first- through fourth-grade regular education teachers from 32 states to collect data from the 2000-2001 school year. The data were analyzed descriptively using frequency counts and converted to percentages.

Testing the effect of kinesthetic training on handwriting performance in first-grade students.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of kinesthetic training' on handwriting performance in first-grade students 6 to 7 years of age who had kinesthetic deficits and handwriting difficulties.

Method: With a randomized-blinded three group research design, 45 children were assigned to either a kinesthetic training group, a handwriting practice group, or a no treatment group. Kinesthesis and handwriting legibility were measured before and after intervention.