Botulinum toxin for treatment of restrictive strabismus.

Purpose: To study the types of acquired restrictive strabismus treated in a tertiary hospital and the outcome of treatment with botulinum toxin.

Methods: We performed a 10-year retrospective study of patients with restrictive strabismus aged ≥18 years who were treated with botulinum toxin. Treatment was considered successful if the final vertical deviation was ≤5 PD, horizontal deviation ≤10 PD, with no head turn or diplopia.

Bilateral superior oblique palsy: etiology and therapeutic options.

Purpose: To study the causes of bilateral superior oblique palsy (BSOP), treatment with botulinum toxin and/or surgery, and outcome of treatment.

Methods: This was an 11-year retrospective study of patients with BSOP treated with injections of botulinum toxin (Botox), surgery, or both. Treatment was considered successful when anomalous head turn and diplopia in primary gaze position and downgaze resolved.