Temporal trends of exposure to the herbicide glyphosate in the United States (2013-2018): Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Glyphosate, the most widely used herbicide in the United States, is applied to control broadleaf weeds and grasses. Public concern is mounting over how pesticides affect human and environmental health. Glyphosate toxicity in animals is known, but human carcinogenicity is controversial, and limited epidemiologic evidence suggests associations between exposure and respiratory diseases (e.

Exposure to glyphosate in the United States: Data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: Exposure to glyphosate, the most used herbicide in the United States, is not well characterized. We assessed glyphosate exposure in a representative sample of the U.S.

Quantification of glyphosate and other organophosphorus compounds in human urine via ion chromatography isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry.

Organophosphorus pesticides are the most used pesticides in the United States. Most organophosphorus pesticides are composed of a phosphate (or phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate) moiety and a variable organic group. Organophosphorus pesticides are scrutinized by regulatory bodies and agencies because of their toxicity or suspected carcinogenicity.

Exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides in the U.S. general population: Data from the 2015-2016 national health and nutrition examination survey.

Background: Neonicotinoids are used for insect control in agriculture, landscaping, and on household pets. Neonicotinoids have become popular replacements for organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, and use is on the rise.

Objectives: To assess human exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides in a representative sample of the U.

Quantification of DEET and neonicotinoid pesticide biomarkers in human urine by online solid-phase extraction high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Neonicotinoid insecticides are widely used replacements for organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, but the extent of human exposure is largely unknown. On the other hand, based on urinary concentrations of DEET metabolites, human exposure to N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) appears to be widespread. We developed a fast online solid-phase extraction high-performance liquid chromatography-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method to measure in 200 μL of human urine the concentrations of six neonicotinoid biomarkers (acetamiprid, N-desmethyl-acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, 5-hydroxy-imidacloprid, thiacloprid), and two DEET biomarkers (3-diethyl-carbamoyl benzoic acid, 3-ethyl-carbamoyl benzoic acid).