Incidence and time trends of childhood hematological neoplasms: a 36-year population-based study in the southern European context, 1983-2018.

Background: Hematological neoplasms (HNs) are the first and most common childhood cancers globally. Currently, there is a lack of updated population-based data on the incidence of these cancers in the Spanish pediatric population. This study aimed to describe the incidence and incidence trends of HNs in children (0-14 years) in Spain using data from the Spanish Network of Cancer Registries and to compare the results with other southern European countries.

Semisynthesis and Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Cassane-Type Diterpenoid Taepeenin F and of Some Synthetic Intermediates.

A new strategy for the semisynthesis of the aromatic cassane-type diterpene taepeenin F () is reported. The introduction of the methyl group at C-14, characteristic of the target compound, was achieved via dienone , easily prepared from abietic acid (), the major compound in renewable rosin. Biological assays of selected compounds are reported.

Multimodality imaging appearance of intrapericardial paragangliomas.

Paragangliomas are neuroendocrine tumours of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems originating from neural crest cells. Less than 1% of paragangliomas in the heart originate from intrinsic cardiac ganglia cells in the posterior wall of the atria, atrioventricular groove, and along the root of the great vessels. We describe the tumour characteristics, patient demographics, presentation, means of diagnosis, pathology correlation, management, and outcome in 11 patients with intrapericardial paragangliomas.

Molecular spectrum and differential diagnosis in patients referred with sporadic or autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta.

Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous bone disorder characterized by recurrent fractures. Although most cases of OI have heterozygous mutations in or and show autosomal dominant inheritance, during the last years there has been an explosion in the number of genes responsible for both recessive and dominant forms of this condition. Herein, we have analyzed a cohort of patients with OI, all offspring of unaffected parents, to determine the spectrum of variants accounting for these cases.

Preparation of oxocene terpenes. The first enantiospecific synthesis of cytotoxic arenaran A.

The first syntheses of cytotoxic marine arenarans A and B starting from commercial (-)-sclareol are reported. The oxocene ring of the target compound is formed via ring-closing metathesis, a process that depends on certain structural requirements. The trans-fused structure of the natural product is confirmed by comparison with the cis-fused isomer, which was synthesized.

Pore cross-section area on predicting elastic properties of trabecular bovine bone for human implants.

A clear understanding of the dependence of mechanical properties of bone remains a task not fully achieved. In order to estimate the mechanical properties in bones for implants, pore cross-section area, calcium content, and apparent density were measured in trabecular bone samples for human implants. Samples of fresh and defatted bone tissue, extracted from one year old bovines, were cut in longitudinal and transversal orientation of the trabeculae.

[The sexuality of HIV-positive adolescents: rights and challenges for healthcare].

Sexuality and reproductive healthcare represent relevant issues for comprehensive care of HIV-positive adolescents. However, public policies and health services give this issue insufficient attention. The scope of this article is to assess how HIV-positive young people and teenagers cope with their sexuality, dating and the urge to have children and start a family.

Do not resuscitate orders: practice vs. medical record notes.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of pediatric patients' death records of a tertiary care center, comparing these records with data from a previous study.

Methods: Death records entered on the medical charts of non-resuscitated patients between 1999 and 2001 were compared with the medical procedure during cardiac arrest, which was described based on the Utstein-style guidelines. Our results were compared (using the chi-square test for equality of distributions) with the results of a previous study, which revealed a significant discrepancy between the medical procedure and the death record entered on the medical chart.

PU.1 expression is restored upon treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia patients.

The PU.1 transcription factor is a crucial regulator of hematopoiesis which expression is altered in various leukemic processes. Our previous work in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells demonstrated that interferon-alpha upregulated PU.

[Disclosure of HIV infection from the perspective of adolescents living with HIV/AIDS and their parents and caregivers].

The purpose of this study was to identify relevant issues in the disclosure of HIV-positive status in children and adolescents, aiming to improve the quality of their healthcare. A qualitative study included adolescents living with HIV/ AIDS and their parents and caregivers at AIDS reference services in São Paulo and Santos, Brazil. In-depth interviews and focus group were used.

Tumor-promoting activity of p-hydroxybenzenediazonium is accelerated in Mg-deficient rats.

Tumor-promoting activity caused by the short-term administration of p-hydroxybenzenediazonium (PDQ) has been assayed in rats fed on a Mg-deficient diet as a reference model versus rats fed on a standard diet as controls. For 5 weeks groups of 20 rats, fed either on the Mg-deficient or standard diet, were treated simultaneously with PDQ. A group of 10 Mg-deficient rats remained untreated.

Characterization of enamel with variable caries risk.

Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) have been used to look at enamel from nine premolars, three each from individuals in low, medium and high risk caries groups. Only SAXS was able to detect consistent differences between any of the groups. In enamel from the high caries risk group, the micropores between the hydroxyapatite crystals were laminar.

Bone healing in children with osteogenesis imperfecta treated with bisphosphonates.

The long-term effects of bisphosphonate treatment in children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether treatment with bisphosphonates interferes with the healing of fractures in a group of children with OI. Seven subjects (6 boys), aged 11.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase routes as targets in the action of diaza-anthracene compounds with a potent growth-inhibitory effect on cancer cells.

1,8-Diaza-anthracene-tetraones are novel intermediates in the synthesis of the antifolate antibiotic diazaquinomycin A that was found before to have potent antitumor activity. Three of them (CV65, CV66, and CV70) were found to inhibit growth of a panel of several human tumor cell lines. The IC50s ranged from 0.

PCR detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA in clinical specimens using novel UL37 exon 3 and US3 primers.

The sensitivity and specificity of novel UL37 exon 3 (UL37x3) and US3 immediate-early (IE) gene PCR primers to detect human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA in clinical specimens are comparable to those of HCMV DNA polymerase (UL54) primers. The use of these IE primers increases the diagnostic performance of HCMV PCR.

Protein phosphorylation in primary astrocyte cultures treated with and without dibutyryl cyclic AMP.

Protein phosphorylation was investigated in primary rat astrocyte cultures treated with and without dibutyryl cyclic AMP. Astrocytes maintained in dibutyryl cyclic AMP for several weeks displayed increased phosphate incorporation in 5 protein bands (55, 52, 45, 43 and 28 kDa) while incorporation in one band (42 kDa) was decreased. Phosphate incorporation in several other protein bands was unchanged.