Candida nivariensis as a New Emergent Agent of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: Description of Cases and Review of Published Studies.

Candida nivariensis is a new emergent agent related to human infections in the vaginal tract and other localizations, but the phenotypic characteristics are very similar to Candida glabrata and can be misidentified and underdiagnosed. We described four cases of vulvovaginitis identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and confirmed the results with PCR amplification and sequencing of the entire ITS genomic region (ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8 rRNA).

Diversity of bla genes and low incidence of CTX-M in plasmid-mediated AmpC-producing Escherichia coli clinical isolates.

The aim of this study was to characterize plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC)-producing Escherichia coli clinical isolates. A total of 101 strains with AmpC-susceptibility pattern were prospectively included. All isolates were tested by multiplex PCR to detect different bla genes.

[Diagnosis of vaginitis-vaginosis by hibridization with DNA strands].

Background: Vaginal infections lie among the most common causes women ask for medical advice. In order of frequency bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis are responsible for 90% of vaginitis/vaginosis.

Objective: To evaluate a DNA hybridization test for simultaneous molecular detection of Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida species and Trichomonas vaginalis, as an alternative to conventional microbiological methods.

Evaluation of the Sensititre Yeast One microdilution method for susceptibility testing of Candida species to anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin.

Introduction: Echinocandins represent a new antifungal group with potent activity against Candida species. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the utility of the Sensititre Yeast One method to determine the in vitro activity of anidulafungin, micafungin, and caspofungin against Candida species isolated from clinical specimens.

Methods: A total of 131 Candida strains were tested using Sensititre Yeast One colorimetric microdilution method.

Otomycosis due to filamentous fungi.

Otomycosis is common throughout the world but barely studied in Spain. Our objective was to determine the microbiological and epidemiological characteristics of this pathology in Cadiz (Spain) between 2005 and 2010. Samples from patients with suspicion of otomycosis underwent a direct microscopic examination and culture on different media for fungi and bacteria.

Urethritis due to Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum.

We describe a case of urethritis in a young man caused by Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum. This bacterium is a synonym of Corynebacterium seminale, a known agent of non-gonococcal urethritis, that cannot be regarded as commensal flora in the urogenital region when is isolated in a symptomatic clinical context. Accuracy in diagnosis and correct treatment is important for avoiding probable complications, for example prostatitis.