Dynamic changes in the hippocampal memory index and biochemical indices in Sprague Dawley rats exposed to intrauterine kola nut.

Kola nut is commonly consumed by pregnant women to suppress symptoms of morning sickness. This study investigated the effects of kola nut on the biochemical indices of the hippocampus and its dependent memory. Kola nut extract was fed to pregnant dams from the first day of their pregnancy until parturition.

Protective effect of β-sitosterol against high-fructose diet-induced oxidative stress, and hepatorenal derangements in growing female sprague-dawley rats.

Background: Chronic consumption of a high-fructose diet causes oxidative stress that compromises kidney and liver health. β-sitosterol (Bst), a phytosterol, is a functional nutrient with health benefits. β-sitosterol antioxidant activity protects the liver and kidney from ROS-mediated damage and lipid peroxidation.

Potential role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity in testicular dysfunction following co-administration of alcohol and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in diabetic rats: an immunohistochemistry study.

Diabetes, alcohol abuse, and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) use have been reported to cause multi-organ complications via induction of oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, these are the most common factors implicated in male reproductive dysfunctions. This study evaluated testicular oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and germ cell proliferation in diabetic rats receiving alcohol or cART and their combination.

Non-Genetic-Induced Zebrafish Model for Type 2 Diabetes with Emphasis on Tools in Model Validation.

The unrelenting increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) necessitates the urgent need for effective animal models to mimic its pathophysiology. Zebrafish possess human-like metabolic traits and share significant genetic similarities, making them valuable candidates for studying metabolic disorders, including T2D. This review emphasizes the critical role of animal models in diabetes research, especially focusing on zebrafish as an alternative model organism.

Ethyl Acetate Fractions of Tectona Grandis Crude Extract Modulate Glucose Absorption and Uptake as Well as Antihyperglycemic Potential in Fructose-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global health challenge with increased morbidity and mortality rates yearly. Herbal medicine has provided an alternative approach to treating T2D with limited access to formal healthcare. is being used traditionally in the treatment of diabetes.

Topographic and Structural Anatomy of the Suspensory Ligament of the Penis: Implications for Phalloplasty.

Background: The suspensory ligamentous system of the penis supports the penis when erect and plays a key role during coitus. These ligaments, which are prone to injury during coitus, are clinically important in penile reconstruction procedures.

Objectives: The current study investigated the macro- and microanatomy of the suspensory ligamentous system of the penis to determine the origin, course, insertion, dimensions, and tissue composition of these ligaments, knowledge of which is vital for successful penile reconstruction procedures.

Neonatal Orally Administered Zingerone Attenuates Alcohol-Induced Fatty Liver Disease in Experimental Rat Models.

Alcohol intake at different developmental stages can lead to the development of alcohol-induced fatty liver disease (AFLD). Zingerone (ZO) possess hepato-protective properties; thus, when administered neonatally, it could render protection against AFLD. This study aimed to evaluate the potential long-term protective effect of ZO against the development of AFLD.

Co-administration of alcohol and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in male Sprague Dawley rats: A study on testicular morphology, oxidative and cytokines perturbations.

Alcohol consumption alongside combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has attracted research interest, especially because of increasing male infertility. This study investigated the combined effects of alcohol and cART on testicular morphology, biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Rats, weighing 330-370 g, were divided into four groups of six animals each; control, alcohol treated (A), cART, and alcohol plus cART treated (A+cART).

attenuates five day repeated forced swim-induced stress and adult hippocampal neurogenesis impairment in male Balb/c mice.

Depression is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders and is associated with dysfunction of the neuroendocrine system and alterations in specific brain proteins. (BD) is an indigenous psychoactive bulb that belongs to the family, which is widely used in Southern Africa to treat depression, with scientific evidence of potent antidepressant-like effects. The present study examined the antidepressant effects of BD and its mechanisms of action by measuring some behavioural parameters in the elevated plus maze, brain content of corticosterone, brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), and neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampus of Balb/c mice exposed to the five day repeated forced swim stress (5d-RFSS).

Neonatal Oral Administration of Chrysin Prevents Long-Term Development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Sexually Dimorphic Manner in Fructose Nurtured Sprague Dawley Rats.

High-fructose diets are linked with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the management of which is a burden to society. Interventions with phytochemicals in the early postnatal period may prevent fructose-induced NAFLD later in adulthood. We investigated the protective potential of chrysin against fructose-induced NAFLD.

Coadministration of ARV (Atripla) and Topiramate disrupts quail cardiac neural crest cell migration.

Introduction: Congenital anomalies such as ventricular septal defects and truncus communis have been reported with the prenatal use of antiretroviral therapy. The mechanism of antiretroviral therapy teratogenicity is unclear and is therefore the focus of this study. Some human immunodeficiency virus patients on antiretrovirals are placed on antiepileptic drugs which are also teratogenic.

Administration of ursolic acid to new-born pups prevents dietary fructose-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Sprague Dawley rats.

Overconsumption of fructose time dependently induces the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated whether ursolic acid (UA) intake by new-born rats would protect against fructose-induced NAFLD. One hundred and seven male and female Sprague Dawley rat pups were randomly grouped and gavaged (10 ml/kg body weight) with either 0.

β-Sitosterol mitigates the development of high-fructose diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in growing male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Fructose contributes to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). β-Sitosterol (Bst), a naturally occurring phytosterol, has antihyperlipidaemic and hepatoprotective properties. This study interrogated the potential protective effect of β-sitosterol against NAFLD in growing rats fed a high-fructose diet, modelling children fed obesogenic diets.

Quercetin administration post-weaning attenuates high-fructose, high-cholesterol diet-induced hepatic steatosis in growing, female, Sprague Dawley rat pups.

Background: Fructose and cholesterol-rich diets have been implicated in the upsurge of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Phytochemicals are being explored as alternatives for the prevention and management of MetS. Thirty-six 21-day-old, female Sprague Dawley rats fed a high-fructose, high-cholesterol diet post-weaning were used to investigate the prophylactic potential of quercetin.

The long-term protective effects of neonatal administration of curcumin against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in high-fructose-fed adolescent rats.

There is an increased prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in adolescents. The suckling period is developmentally plastic, affecting later health outcomes. We investigated whether neonatal administration of curcumin would provide protection against the development of NASH later in adolescence in rats fed a high-fructose diet.

Quantitative analysis of age and life-history stage related changes in DCX expression in the male Japanese quail (Cortunix japonica) telencephalon.

Most avian neurogenesis studies focused on the song control system and little attention has been given to non-song birds such as the Japanese quail. However, the only few neurogenesis studies in quails mainly focused on the sex steroid sensitive areas of the brain such as the medial preoptic and lateral septal nuclei. Despite the important role the quail telencephalon plays in filial imprinting and passive avoidance learning, neurogenesis in this structure has been completely overlooked.

Age-related changes in Ki-67 and DCX expression in the BALB/ c mouse (Mus Musculus) brain.

Several studies have identified age as one of the strongest regulators of neurogenesis in the mammalian brain. However, previous age-related studies focused mainly on changes in neurogenesis during different stages of adulthood and did not describe changes in neurogenesis through the different life history stages of the animal. The aim of this study was therefore to determine time course changes in neurogenesis in the male BALB/c mouse brain at postnatal ages 1 week to 12 weeks, spanning juvenile, sub adult and adult life history stages.

Changes in neurogenesis with post‑hatching age in the male Japanese quail (Cortunix japonica) brain.

Most avian neurogenesis studies have previously focused on the song control system and little attention has been given to non‑song birds. The objective of this study was to assess changes in neurogenesis associated with post‑hatching age (3‑12 weeks) in the Japanese quail brain using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and doublecortin (DCX) immunohistochemistry. PCNA‑immunoreactive (ir) cells were observed mainly in the olfactory bulb ventricular zone, telencephalic ventricular zones and cerebellum.

Terminalia Sericea aqueous leaf extract protects growing wistar rats against fructose-induced fatty liver disease.

Background Terminalia sericea (T. sericea) is traditionally used to treat stomach ailments, infections, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Previous in vitro studies have reported that T.

Insulinotropic Effect of -Allyl Cysteine in Rat Pups.

-Allyl cysteine (SAC) is found in garlic and has been reported to exert antidiabetic and antiobesity properties in drug-induced adult experimental models of metabolic dysfunction, but its potential beneficial effects in high-fructose diet neonatal rat models have not been determined. This study investigated the potential prophylactic effects of SAC in high-fructose diet fed suckling rat pups modelling human neonates fed a high-fructose diet. Four-day-old male (n=32) and female (n=32) Wistar rat pups, were randomly assigned to and administered the following treatment regimens daily for 15 days: group I, distilled water; group II, 20% fructose solution (FS); group III, SAC; group IV, SAC+FS.

Putative adult neurogenesis in two domestic pigeon breeds (Columba livia domestica): racing homer utility carneau pigeons.

Generation of neurons in the brains of adult birds has been studied extensively in the telencephalon of song birds and few studies are reported on the distribution of PCNA and DCX in the telencephalon of adult non-song learning birds. We report here on adult neurogenesis throughout the brains of two breeds of adult domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica), the racing homer and utility carneau using endogenous immunohistochemical markers proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) for proliferating cells and doublecortin (DCX) for immature and migrating neurons. The distribution of PCNA and DCX immunoreactivity was very similar in both pigeon breeds with only a few minor differences.

Cardiovascular effects of Boophone disticha aqueous ethanolic extract on early maternally separated BALB/C mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: There are a number of reports from traditional medical practice in Zimbabwe and neighboring countries and few in vitro studies suggesting an effect with extracts of Boophone disticha in some forms of anxiety disorder.

Aim Of The Study: In order to validate the use of Boophone disticha in treatment of anxiety, this study was set to determine the effects of the plant extracts on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in adult BALB/c mice subjected to repeated early maternal separation (MS) stress.

Materials And Methods: To test whether early life stress increases anxiety in mice, non-invasive tail cuff method was used to examine the autonomic nervous system activity by assessing cardiovascular reactivity and response to acute mixing stress (AMS) and restraint stress (RS) in adult mice subjected to early postnatal stress as compared to control.