Effect of Age at Time of Irradiation, Sex, Genetic Diversity, and Granulopoietic Cytokine Radiomitigation on Lifespan and Lymphoma Development in Murine H-ARS Survivors.

Acute, high-dose radiation exposure results in life-threatening acute radiation syndrome (ARS) and debilitating delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE). The DEARE are a set of chronic multi-organ illnesses that can result in early death due to malignancy and other diseases. Animal models have proven essential in understanding the natural history of ARS and DEARE and licensure of medical countermeasures (MCM) according to the FDA Animal Rule.

Dynamic livelihoods, gender and poverty in marine protected areas: Case study from Zanzibar, Tanzania.

Livelihood initiatives are common within marine protected areas (MPAs) aiming for poverty alleviation or higher income opportunities. However, results can be mixed in reality, as well as change over time. Furthermore, who benefits is a key consideration, as results can vary based on inequalities, including gender.

Long-read sequencing for fast and robust identification of correct genome-edited alleles: PCR-based and Cas9 capture methods.

Background: Recent developments in CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing tools have facilitated the introduction of precise alleles, including genetic intervals spanning several kilobases, directly into the embryo. However, the introduction of donor templates, via homology directed repair, can be erroneous or incomplete and these techniques often produce mosaic founder animals. Thus, newly generated alleles must be verified at the sequence level across the targeted locus.

Patient acceptance of teleneurology across neurologic conditions.

Introduction: Patient acceptability with outpatient teleneurology has been reported within specific conditions, but less is known about acceptability across neurologic conditions. The study objective was to compare the acceptability of teleneurology between patients with various neurological conditions and determine what other factors influence acceptability.

Methods: This was a prospective study of Veterans who completed new outpatient teleneurology visits with the Department of Veterans Affairs National Teleneurology Program.

Risk Factors Associated With Development of Multiple-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome After Pediatric Drowning.

Objective: This study aimed to describe a single-center experience of pediatric drowning and to investigate risk factors associated with the development of pediatric multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) after drowning events.

Methods: A single-center retrospective case-control study was performed at a tertiary children's hospital examining patients aged 1 month to 25 years who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit after a drowning event. The study period was June 2016 to June 2021.

Distraction osteogenesis at the site of neutral wedge ostectomy for angular limb deformity in the hind limb in 2 young dogs.

Our objective was to report the use of distraction osteogenesis at the site of angular limb deformity correction using external skeletal fixation for treatment of 1 femoral and 1 tibial angular limb deformity in 2 large-breed puppies. Medical records were reviewed from 2 dogs (a 7-month-old intact male golden retriever and a 4-month-old intact female German shepherd mixed breed) diagnosed with angular limb deformities and truncation of a pelvic limb. Surgical treatment consisted of neutral wedge ostectomy and distraction osteogenesis at the site of bone deformity with an external skeletal fixator (ESF).

Clinical use of uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents for treatment of extrahepatic biliary tract obstructions in cats and dogs: 11 cases (2012-2022).

Objective: To describe the application of uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents for treatment of extrahepatic biliary obstructions (EHBOs) and the outcomes for dogs and cats treated for EHBO with this technique.

Study Design: Retrospective single institutional study.

Animals: Eight dogs and three cats treated at the Veterinary Specialty Hospital of San Diego for EHBO between January 2012 and February 2022.

The prognostic impact of acute kidney injury recovery patterns in critically ill patients with cirrhosis.

Background: The prognostic impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) recovery patterns in critically ill patients with cirrhosis is unknown. We aimed to compare mortality stratified by AKI recovery patterns and identify predictors of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and AKI admitted to the intensive care unit.

Materials And Methods: Patients with cirrhosis and AKI from 2016 to 2018 at 2 tertiary care intensive care units were analyzed (N=322).

Significant Dose-Response Association of Physical Activity and Diet Quality With Mortality in Adults With Suspected NAFLD in a Population Study.

Introduction: We aimed to determine whether higher levels (volume and intensity) of physical activity (PA) and diet quality (DQ) are associated with better survival rates in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: Using data from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 3,548 participants with a Fatty Liver Index ≥60 were included. PA was collected using a wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer and expressed as 2 metrics using Monitor-Independent Movement Summary (MIMS) units: the average of daily MIMS, which represents volume, and peak 30-minute MIMS, which is the average of the highest 30 MIMS min/d and represents intensity.

Improving Outcomes for Bronchiolitis Patients After Implementing a High-Flow Nasal Cannula Holiday and Standardizing Discharge Criteria in a PICU.

Objectives: To decrease length of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), PICU, and hospital length of stay (LOS).

Design: Quality improvement project.

Setting: A quaternary academic PICU.

Critical Care and Mechanical Ventilation Practices Surrounding Liver Transplantation in Children: A Multicenter Collaborative.

Objectives: We aimed to determine which characteristics and management approaches were associated with postoperative invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and with a prolonged course of IMV in children post liver transplant as well as describing the utilization of critical care resources.

Design: Retrospective, multicenter, cohort study of children who underwent an isolated liver transplantation between January 2017 and December 2018.

Setting: Twelve U.

Noninvasive Ventilation Exposure Prior to Intubation in Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients.

Background: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has become more studied in immunocompromised patients. However, it has not been studied in hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients, who have higher mortality and higher pulmonary complication rates than other immunocompromised patients. This population may be prone to negative effects from this treatment modality.

A biomarker panel for risk of early respiratory failure following hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Plasma biomarkers associated with respiratory failure (RF) following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) have not been identified. Therefore, we aimed to validate early (7 and 14 days post-HCT) risk biomarkers for RF. Using tandem mass spectrometry, we compared plasma obtained at day 14 post-HCT from 15 patients with RF and 15 patients without RF.

High-quality diet, physical activity, and college education are associated with low risk of NAFLD among the US population.

Background And Aims: The effects of diet quality (DQ), physical activity (PA), and socioeconomic status (SES) on the risk of NAFLD are unclear. We examined the association among DQ, PA, SES, and NAFLD risk.

Approach And Results: This is a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2017-2018, which included 3589 participants with reliable information on vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) measurements, 24-h dietary recalls, PA, and SES.

Attendance at a Transitional Liver Clinic May Be Associated with Reduced Readmissions for Patients with Liver Disease.

Introduction: Patients with liver disease have high rates of early hospital readmission, but there are no studies of effective, scalable interventions to reduce this risk. In this study, we examined the impact of a Physician Assistant (PA)-led post-discharge Transitional Liver Clinic (TLC) on hospital readmissions.

Methods: We performed a cohort study of all adults seen by a hepatologist during admission to a tertiary care center in 2019 (excluding transplant patients).

Relationship of Enhanced Liver Fibrosis Score with Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Histology and Response to Vitamin E or Metformin.

Objectives: To study the diagnostic performance of the enhanced liver fibrosis score (ELF) for detecting different stages of fibrosis and its usefulness in detecting histologic response to vitamin E or metformin in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease who participated in the Vitamin E or Metformin for the Treatment Of NAFLD In Children (TONIC) trial.

Study Design: ELF was measured at baseline and weeks 24, 48, and 96 on sera from 166 TONIC participants. Associations between ELF with baseline and end of trial (EOT) fibrosis stages and other histologic features were assessed using χ tests and logistic regression models.

Development, validation, and proof-of-concept implementation of a two-year risk prediction model for undiagnosed atrial fibrillation using common electronic health data (UNAFIED).

Background: Many patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remain undiagnosed despite availability of interventions to reduce stroke risk. Predictive models to date are limited by data requirements and theoretical usage. We aimed to develop a model for predicting the 2-year probability of AF diagnosis and implement it as proof-of-concept (POC) in a production electronic health record (EHR).

Bleeding After Elective Interventional Endoscopic Procedures in a Large Cohort of Patients With Cirrhosis.

Introduction: Elective therapeutic endoscopy is an important component of care of cirrhotic patients, but there are concerns regarding the risk of bleeding. This study examined the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of bleeding after endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL), colonoscopic polypectomy, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with sphincterotomy in cirrhotic patients.

Methods: A cohort study of patients with cirrhosis who underwent the above procedures at a single center between 2012 and 2014 was performed.

Karnofsky performance status predicts outcomes in candidates for simultaneous liver-kidney transplant.

Karnofsky performance status (KPS), a measure of physical frailty, predicts pre-transplant and post-transplant outcomes in liver transplantation, but has not been assessed in simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation (SLKT). We examined the association between KPS and outcomes in SLKT waitlist registrants and recipients (2005-2018) in the UNOS database. KPS was categorized into A (able to work), B (able to provide self-care), and C (unable to provide self-care).

Associations Between Mean Arterial Pressure and Poor ICU Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With Cirrhosis: Is 65 The Sweet Spot?

Objectives: Mean arterial pressure is critically important in patients with cirrhosis in the ICU, however, there is limited data to guide therapies and targets.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Setting: Tertiary care ICU.