3D technology to measure dental arches and create a template for lingual brackets technique.

Objective: This study aims at identifying anatomical dimensions of dental arches, based on landmarks currently used in the lingual orthodontic technique, and create an archwire form template to be used in orthodontic clinics.

Methods: Maxillary and mandibular dental casts of 140 Caucasian individuals with natural and normal occlusion were digitized (3D), and the images were analyzed with Delcam Power ShapeTM 2010 software. The dental arch shapes and sizes were obtained from 14 landmarks selected on the lingual surface of the teeth.

Role of epstein-barr virus in the severity of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.

Objective: The objective was to investigate the prevalence of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and its association with human papilloma virus (HPV) detection, clinicopathological features, and the severity of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP).

Methods: Cases of juvenile recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JRRP) (n = 36) and adult recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (ARRP) (n = 44) were collected retrospectively and subdivided into low- and high-risk severity groups based on the Derkay score. We performed HPV detection and genotyping using a reverse hybridization protocol and investigated the presence of EBV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization.

Relationship between inflammation and the severity of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis.

Objective: To characterize inflammatory cells in Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis (RRP) and to correlate it with severity using the Derkay laryngoscopic scale.

Materials And Methods: The data and biopsies from 36 patients with Juvenile (JRRP) and 56 patients with Adult (ARRP) were collected and analyzed under light microscopy. The patients were separated into groups according to the Derkay index: ≥20 for the most severe and < 20 for the less severe cases.

Nasal Polyposis: More than a Chronic Inflammatory Disorder-A Disease of Mechanical Dysfunction-The São Paulo Position.

 The importance of our study lies in the fact that we have demonstrated the occurrence of mechanical dysfunction within polypoid tissues, which promotes the development of polyps in the nasal cavity.  To change the paradigm of nasal polyposis (NP). In this new conception, the chronic nasal inflammatory process that occurs in response to allergies, to pollution, to changes in the epithelial barrier, or to other factors is merely the trigger of the development of the disease in individuals with a genetic predisposition to an abnormal tissue remodeling process, which leads to a derangement of the mechanical properties of the nasal mucosa and, consequently, allows it to grow unchecked.

Histopathological features of juvenile-onset laryngeal papillomatosis related to severity.

Background: Laryngeal papillomatosis (LP) is a disease that presents in both juvenile (JLP) and adult patients (ALP). This study correlated papillomatosis characteristics with the Derkay score.

Methods: Retrospective data and biopsies of 36 patients with JLP and 56 with ALP were collected and separated into groups according to their scores.

Anatomical terminology of the internal nose and paranasal sinuses: cross-cultural adaptation to Portuguese.

Introduction: Functional endonasal endoscopic surgery is a frequent surgical procedure among otorhinolaryngologists. In 2014, the European Society of Rhinology published the "European Position Paper on the Anatomical Terminology of the Internal Nose and Paranasal Sinuses", aiming to unify the terms in the English language. We do not yet have a unified terminology in the Portuguese language.

IV Brazilian Consensus on Rhinitis - an update on allergic rhinitis.

Introduction: The guidelines on allergic rhinitis aim to update knowledge about the disease and care for affected patients. The initiative called "Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma", initially published in 2001 and updated in 2008 and 2010, has been very successful in disseminating information and evidence, as well as providing a classification of severity and proposing a systemized treatment protocol. In order to include the participation of other medical professionals in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, it is important to develop algorithms that accurately indicate what should and can be done regionally.

Skeletal effects of RME in the transverse and vertical dimensions of the nasal cavity in mouth-breathing growing children.

Introduction:: Maxillary constriction is a dentoskeletal deformity characterized by discrepancy in maxilla/mandible relationship in the transverse plane, which may be associated with respiratory dysfunction.

Objective:: The objective of this study was to evaluate the skeletal effects of RME on maxillary and nasal transverse dimensions and compare the differences between males and females.

Methods:: Sixty-one mouth-breathers patients with skeletal maxillary constriction (35 males and 26 females, mean age 9.

Impact of rapid maxillary expansion on nasomaxillary complex volume in mouth-breathers.

Objective:: To assess the volumetric changes that occur in the nasomaxillary complex of mouth-breathing patients with transverse maxillary deficiency subjected to rapid maxillary expansion (RME).

Methods:: This was a controlled, prospective intervention study involving 38 mouth-breathing patients presenting with transverse maxillary deficiency, regardless of malocclusion type or race. Twenty-three of them comprised the experimental group, which was composed of 11 (47.

Position statement of the Brazilian Academy of Rhinology on the use of antihistamines, antileukotrienes, and oral corticosteroids in the treatment of inflammatory sinonasal diseases.

Introduction: Inflammatory conditions of the nose and paranasal sinuses are very prevalent in the general population, resulting in marked loss of quality of life in affected patients, as well as significant work, leisure, and social activity losses. These patients require specific and specialized treatment. A wide range of oral medications are available.

The impact of laronidase treatment in otolaryngological manifestations of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis.

Introduction: Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of α-l-iduronidase. The otolaryngological findings include hearing loss, otorrhea, recurrent otitis, hypertrophy of tonsils and adenoid, recurrent rhinosinusitis, speech disorders, snoring, oral breathing and nasal obstruction.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of enzymatic replacement therapy with laronidase (Aldurazyme(®)) in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS I), regarding sleep and hearing disorders, and clinical manifestations in the upper respiratory tract (URT).

Impact of adenotonsillectomy on vocal emission in children.

Introduction: Adenotonsillectomy is the most common surgery performed by otolaryngologists in pediatric age, and one of the most frequently asked questions about the postoperative period is whether there is a potential for change in vocal pattern of these children.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of adenotonsillectomy in the voice emission pattern of children with hypertrophy of palatine and pharyngeal tonsils.

Methods: This is a prospective study in which we carried out perceptual auditory assessments and acoustic analysis of 26 children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy at three time points: before surgery, one month and three months after surgery.

Craniofacial skeletal pattern: is it really correlated with the degree of adenoid obstruction?

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the cephalometric pattern of children with and without adenoid obstruction.

Methods: The sample comprised 100 children aged between four and 14 years old, both males and females, subjected to cephalometric examination for sagittal and vertical skeletal analysis. The sample also underwent nasofiberendoscopic examination intended to objectively assess the degree of adenoid obstruction.

Dentofacial characteristics of oral breathers in different ages: a retrospective case-control study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the dental and skeletal variables associated with disturbances of craniofacial development in oral-breathing (OB) individuals and the probability that these variables are related to this condition.

Methods: This is an observational retrospective case-control study of 1596 patients divided into three groups of age n1 5-12, n2 13-18, and n3 19-57 years. Radiographic, clinical, and models data were analyzed.

Immediate impact of rapid maxillary expansion on upper airway dimensions and on the quality of life of mouth breathers.

Objective: To assess short-term tomographic changes in the upper airway dimensions and quality of life of mouth breathers after rapid maxillary expansion (RME).

Methods: A total of 25 mouth breathers with maxillary atresia and a mean age of 10.5 years old were assessed by means of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and a standardized quality of life questionnaire answered by patients' parents/legal guardians before and immediately after rapid maxillary expansion.

The impact of acute loss of weight on eustachian tube function.

Introduction The eustachian tube is one of the key structures responsible for the functional balance of the middle ear. Some clinical conditions associated with tubal malfunction can cause extremely unpleasant symptoms. These symptoms could be triggered by acute loss of weight, for example, after bariatric surgery.

Radiographic adenoid evaluation: proposal of an objective parameter.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate current radiographic parameters designed to investigate adenoid hypertrophy and nasopharyngeal obstruction, and to present an alternative radiographic assessment method.

Materials And Methods: In order to do so, children (4 to14 years old) who presented with nasal obstruction or oral breathing complaints were submitted to cavum radiographic examination. One hundred and twenty records were evaluated according to quantitative radiographic parameters, and data were correlated with a gold-standard videonasopharyngoscopic study, in relation to the percentage of choanal obstruction.