As suggested by previous research, sleep health is assumed to be a key determinant of future morbidity and mortality. In line with this, recent studies have found that poor sleep is associated with impaired cognitive function. However, to date, little is known about brain structural abnormalities underlying this association.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a potentially harmful, often overlooked sleep disorder affecting up to 70% of Parkinson's disease patients. Current diagnosis relies on nocturnal video-polysomnography, which is an expensive and cumbersome examination requiring specific clinical expertise. Here, we explored the use of wrist actigraphy to enable automatic RBD diagnoses in home settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide an update on sleep quality in different world areas and better characterize subjective sleep alterations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Considering gender distribution and specific pandemic-related parameters, we also intend to identify significant predictors of sleep problems.
Methods: Six electronic databases were searched from December 2019 to November 2021 for studies investigating sleep during COVID-19 employing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep, the Insomnia Severity Index or the Epworth Sleepiness Scale.
Background: Parkinson disease (PD) is a common, multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder profoundly impacting patients' autonomy and quality of life. Assessment in real-life conditions of subjective symptoms and objective metrics of mobility and nonmotor symptoms such as sleep disturbance is strongly advocated. This information would critically guide the adaptation of antiparkinsonian medications and nonpharmacological interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
July 2020
The rapid eye movement sleep behavioural disorder (RBD) population is an ideal study population for testing disease-modifying treatments for synucleinopathies, since RBD represents an early prodromal stage of synucleinopathy when neuropathology may be more responsive to treatment. While clonazepam and melatonin are most commonly used as symptomatic treatments for RBD, clinical trials of symptomatic treatments are also needed to identify evidence-based treatments. A comprehensive framework for both disease-modifying and symptomatic treatment trials in RBD is described, including potential treatments in the pipeline, cost-effective participant recruitment and selection, study design, outcomes and dissemination of results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical sleep scoring involves a tedious visual review of overnight polysomnograms by a human expert, according to official standards. It could appear then a suitable task for modern artificial intelligence algorithms. Indeed, machine learning algorithms have been applied to sleep scoring for many years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Subjective symptoms, which are retrospectively assessed during clinical interviews in the office, may be influenced by patient recall in Parkinson's disease (PD). Prospective collection of subjective data might be an effective tool to overcome this bias.
Objective: We investigated the correspondence between prospectively and retrospectively assessed motor symptoms in PD.
Introduction: Twenty-seven to 80% of patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) complain of subjective sleep dysfunction and insomnia symptoms. Our aim is to describe the prevalence and features of subjective sleep dysfunction and insomnia symptoms in patients with PD compared to other patients.
Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 636 adult PD patients compared to 143 age and sex-matched non-PD control patients consulting their general practitioners.
Objective: To characterize parasomnia behaviors on arousal from NREM sleep in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA).
Methods: From 30 patients with PD, Dementia with Lewy Bodies/Dementia associated with PD, or MSA undergoing nocturnal video-polysomnography for presumed dream enactment behavior, we were able to select 2 PD and 2 MSA patients featuring NREM Parasomnia Behviors (NPBs). We identified episodes during which the subjects seemed to enact dreams or presumed dream-like mentation (NPB arousals) versus episodes with physiological movements (no-NPB arousals).
Infection negatively impacts mental health, as evidenced by the lethargy, malaise, and cognitive deficits experienced during illness. These changes in central nervous system processes, collectively termed sickness behavior, have been shown in animal models to be mediated primarily by the actions of cytokines in brain. Most studies of sickness behavior to date have used bolus injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or selective administration of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or IL-6 as the immune challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/objective: Nocturnal sleep enactment behaviors (SEBs) are common in patients affected by Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia associated with Parkinson's disease (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We investigated the occurrence and neurobiological significance of abnormal SEBs in the context of PD without cognitive decline compared to PDD/DLB patients.
Methods: We evaluated a sample of 139 patients with PD, PDD, or DLB in a cross-sectional survey.
Most secondary forms of REM sleep behavior disorder are associated with neurodegenerative diseases belonging to the α-synucleinopathies or with narcolepsy. However, RBD may also occur in subacute- or acute-onset conditions involving the central nervous system, irrespective of subjects' age and sex, and with or without relapse at follow-up. These conditions include structural brain lesions (vascular, demyelinating, tumoral, iatrogenic, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSleep paralyses are viewed as pure motor phenomena featured by a dissociated state in which REM-related muscle atonia coexists with a wakefulness state of full consciousness. We present a 59-year-old man diagnosed with narcolepsy experiencing sleep paralysis, who failed to establish the boundaries between real experience and dream mentation during the paralysis: the patient's recall was indeed featured by uncertainty between real/unreal and awaken/dreaming. Hereby, we suggest that sleep paralysis may represent a more complex condition encompassing a dissociated state of mind together with the dissociative motor component.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFREM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is a REM sleep-related parasomnia which may be considered a "dissociated state of wakefulness and sleep", given that conflicting elements of REM sleep (dreaming) and of wakefulness (sustained muscle tone and movements) coexist during the episodes, leading to motor and behavioural manifestations reminiscent of an enacted dream. RBD has been reported in association with α-synucleinopathies: around a third of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have full-blown RBD. Recent data indicate that PD patients with RBD are more prone to hallucinations than PD patients without this parasomnia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy Objectives: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by excessive electromyographic (EMG) activity due to dysfunction of the brainstem structures modulating REM sleep atonia. Patients with idiopathic RBD often develop a neurodegenerative disease, such as Parkinson disease, over the years, suggesting progression of an underlying pathologic process in the brainstem. It is unknown if the excessive EMG activity in REM sleep changes over time in patients with idiopathic RBD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF