The Effects of Hemp Hay ( L.) in the Diets of Grazing Goats on Milk Production and Fatty Acid Profile.

Hemp ( L.) is a cosmopolitan annual herbaceous plant used in the past as a source of textile fiber. Currently, hemp is receiving great interest as animal feed due to its chemical and nutritional properties.

Growth Performance of Buffalo Calves in Response to Different Diets with and without Supplementation.

The aim of the present trial was to evaluate the growth performance of buffalo calves fed on diets characterized by different forage/concentrate ratios, with or without supplementation (CBS 493.94, Yea-Sacc). Twenty-four male buffalo calves (mean age of 145.

Human social buffer in goats and dogs.

The primary goal of this study was to explore the social buffering effect that humans offer to goats and dogs with limited exposure to human socialization, particularly in situations involving interactions with unfamiliar humans. A total of 13 dogs and 14 goats were selected for the study, all of which had limited prior socialization with humans. Each animal was placed in a testing room with unfamiliar humans for 15 min.

A Comparative Study of Dogs and Goats with Limited Human Socialization in the Impossible Task Paradigm.

The study aimed to explore how limited human socialization affects the socio-cognitive abilities and interactions with unfamiliar individuals of a selected group of domesticated dogs and goats. These animals were raised and kept under conditions characterized by limited human socialization, and their behavior was assessed using the "impossible task" paradigm. The study found that dogs, with a history of cooperative interactions and human companionship, exhibited more frequent social engagement with human experimenters in the experimental setting than goats, traditionally domesticated for utilitarian purposes.

Learning curve of laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a risk-adjusted cumulative summation (RA-CUSUM) analysis of six general surgery residents.

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LapC) is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures worldwide. Reaching technical competency in performing LapC is considered one essential task for young surgeons. Investigating the learning curve for LapC (LC-LapC) may provide important information regarding the learning process and guide the training pathway of residents, improving educational outcomes.

Forage:Concentrate Ratio Effects on In Vivo Digestibility and In Vitro Degradability of Horse's Diet.

Determination of digestibility represents the first step for the evaluation of the net energy content of feed for livestock animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo digestibility and in vitro degradability of five diets characterized by different forage/concentrate ratios (F:C) in horses. The in vitro degradability was determined by the Gas Production Technique (GPT), using as an inoculum source the feces of the same subjects used for the in vivo test.

Colostrum Composition, Characteristics and Management for Buffalo Calves: A Review.

In this review, the composition, characteristics, and management of dairy buffalo calves were examined and compared with bovines. The neonatal period is critical for buffalo calves and is characterized by a high mortality rate (more than 40%). The early intake of high-quality colostrum (IgG > 50 mg/mL) is the one way to improve the immune system of calves (serum IgG > 10 mg/mL after 12 h), thus increasing their chances of survival.

Efficient room-temperature molecular single-photon sources for quantum key distribution.

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows the distribution of cryptographic keys between multiple users in an information-theoretic secure way, exploiting quantum physics. While current QKD systems are mainly based on attenuated laser pulses, deterministic single-photon sources could give concrete advantages in terms of secret key rate (SKR) and security owing to the negligible probability of multi-photon events. Here, we introduce and demonstrate a proof-of-concept QKD system exploiting a molecule-based single-photon source operating at room temperature and emitting at 785 nm.

Facing adenocarcinoma of distal esophagus and esophagogastric junction: a CROSS versus FLOT propensity score-matched analysis of oncological outcomes in a high-volume institution.

Multimodality treatments are the gold standard for advanced resectable gastroesophageal cancer. Neoadjuvant CROSS and perioperative FLOT regimens are adopted for distal esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (DE/EGJ AC). At present, none of the approaches is clearly superior in the context of a curative-intent multimodal treatment.

Serum Oxytocin, Cortisol and Social Behavior in Calves: A Study in the Impossible Task Paradigm.

In this study, we explored the correlations between circulating levels of oxytocin, cortisol, and different social behaviors toward humans in 26 Italian Red Pied calves (all females, with an average age of 174 ± 24 days) using the impossible task paradigm. This paradigm has proved fruitful in highlighting the effect of socialization on the willingness to interact with humans in several domesticated species. The test consists of the violation of an expectation (recovering food from an experimental apparatus) while a caregiver and a stranger are present.

Nutritional Characterization of Hay Produced in Campania Region: Analysis by the near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Technology.

Since the dietary characteristics of hays can be very variable, it is of great importance for nutritionists to know their chemical composition in order to formulate adequate rations for the animals. Laboratory analyses are time-consuming and expensive while the Near Infrared Spectroscopy offers several advantages, including obtaining information on feeds nutritional characteristics very quickly and in situ at the farm, thanks to portable NIRS. In this trial, over 400 hay samples collected in the Campania region (Italy) were analyzed with portable NIRS device.

Pro-Inflammatory and Immunological Profile of Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease.

Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is a very frequently acquired cardiac disease in dog breeds and is responsible for congestive heart failure (CHF). The involvement of the immune system and pro-inflammatory cytokines in dogs with CHF due to mitral valve disease has not yet been extensively investigated. Here, we investigate the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the dysfunction of the immune system in dogs with different stages of severity through the blood assessment of CD4FoxP3regulatory T cells (Treg) cells, leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines, and immunological and echocardiographic parameters.

Open versus laparoscopic gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer: a propensity score matching analysis of survival in a western population-on behalf of the Italian Research Group for Gastric Cancer.

Background: Oncologic outcomes after laparoscopic gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer in the West have been poorly investigated. The aim of the present study was to compare survival outcomes in patients undergoing curative-intent laparoscopic and open gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer in several centres belonging to the Italian Research Group for Gastric Cancer.

Methods: Data of patients operated between 2015 and 2018 were retrospectively analysed.

Effects of Linseed Supplementation on Milk Production, Composition, Odd- and Branched-Chain Fatty Acids, and on Serum Biochemistry in Cilentana Grazing Goats.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of linseed supplementation on milk yield and quality, serum biochemistry and, in particular, to evaluate its possible effects on the production of odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (OBCFA) in the milk of Cilentana grazing goats. Twelve pregnant Cilentana dairy goats were divided into two groups (CTR, control, and LIN, linseed supplementation group). After kidding, the goats had free access to the pasture and both groups received a supplement of 400 g/head of concentrate, but the one administered to the LIN group was characterized by the addition of linseed (in a ratio of 20% as fed) to the ingredients.

Novel biodegradable internal stent as a mitigation strategy in high-risk pancreaticojejunostomy: technical notes and preliminary results.

Clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) is the most feared complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), as it can lead to extremely poor outcomes. We herein report the preliminary results of an anastomotic technique based on the use of a novel internal biodegradable stent (IBS) to mitigate POPF sequelae. Between October 2020 and May 2021, all patients undergoing PD with high-risk pancreatic anastomosis received a pancreato-jejunal (PJ) anastomosis with an Archimedes IBS placement.

Effects of a Nutritional Supplement (DìRelax) on Anxiety in Dogs in a Randomized Control Trial Design.

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of DìRelax, a nutraceutical formulated to reduce anxiety in dogs, using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. The C-BARQ questionnaire, some clinical investigations, and the impossible task test were performed in dogs before and after treatment. The C-BARQ questionnaire is particularly useful for assessing the frequency and severity of problematic behaviors.

Different Combinations of Butchery and Vegetable Wastes on Growth Performance, Chemical-Nutritional Characteristics and Oxidative Status of Black Soldier Fly Growing Larvae.

larvae (five days old) were farmed on broiler feed (control diet), a vegetable diet (V100), a 50% of vegetable diet + 50% of butchery wastes (V50 + B50), and a 75% of vegetable diet + 25% of butchery wastes (V75 + B25) to evaluate their suitability. Ten kilograms of substrate and 6000 larvae composed each replicate (nine per group). Larvae were weighed and measured every two days until the 25% developed into prepupae.

Effects of ecotrofin™ on milk yield, milk quality and serum biochemistry in lactating goats.

A nutritional supplement (Ecotrofin™, by Vetoquinol Italia S.r.l) recommended in ruminants feeding to strengthen the physiological condition and improve digestive performance was tested in 20 pluriparae grazing goats divided in two groups (control and treated) to assess its possible effects on milk yield and quality and to assess eventual adverse effects.

Long-term complete response in metastatic poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine rectal carcinoma with a multimodal approach: A case report.

Background: Neuroendocrine gastrointestinal tumors (NETs) are rare and have different natural behaviors. Surgery is the gold standard treatment for local disease while radiotherapy has been demonstrated to be ineffective. Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) represent only 5%-10% of digestive NETS.

ERAS pathway for gastric cancer surgery: adherence, outcomes and prognostic factors for compliance in a Western centre.

Adherence to an ERAS program guarantees an evidence-based approach for patient care, but the compliance to ERAS in patients undergoing surgery for gastric cancer in Western countries has not been clearly investigated. Our Institution has implemented an ERAS pathway (EP) for gastric surgery, composed of 24 items, since December 2016. We retrospectively analyzed the data of all consecutive patients undergoing surgery with curative intent for gastric cancer between January 2017 and December 2019 at our Institution, and were eligible for our EP.