Residual Lung Abnormalities in Survivors of Severe or Critical COVID-19 at One-Year Follow-Up Computed Tomography: A Narrative Review Comparing the European and East Asian Experiences.

The literature reports that there was a significant difference in the medical impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic between European and East Asian countries; specifically, the mortality rate of COVID-19 in Europe was significantly higher than that in East Asia. Considering such a difference, our narrative review aimed to compare the prevalence and characteristics of residual lung abnormalities at one-year follow-up computed tomography (CT) after severe or critical COVID-19 in survivors of European and East Asian countries. A literature search was performed to identify articles focusing on the prevalence and characteristics of CT lung abnormalities in survivors of severe or critical COVID-19.

Software-based quantitative CT analysis to predict the growth trend of persistent nonsolid pulmonary nodules: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Persistent nonsolid nodules (NSNs) usually exhibit an indolent course and may remain stable for several years; however, some NSNs grow quickly and require surgical excision. Therefore, identifying quantitative features capable of early discrimination between growing and nongrowing NSNs is becoming a crucial aspect of radiological analysis. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of an open-source software (ImageJ) to predict the future growth of NSNs detected in a Caucasian (Italian) population.

Detection Rate and Variability in Measurement of Mandibular Incisive Canal on Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Study of 220 Dentate Hemi-Mandibles from Italy.

The mandibular incisive canal (MIC) is a small bony channel located in the interforaminal region; it represents the anterior continuation of the mandibular canal. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the most commonly utilized radiological technique for assessing the MIC. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the detectability and variability in measurements of the MIC on CBCT.

Constrained Spherical Deconvolution Tractography Reveals Cerebello-Mammillary Connections in Humans.

According to the classical view, the cerebellum has long been confined to motor control physiology; however, it has now become evident that it exerts several non-somatic features other than the coordination of movement and is engaged also in the regulation of cognition and emotion. In a previous diffusion-weighted imaging-constrained spherical deconvolution (CSD) tractography study, we demonstrated the existence of a direct cerebellum-hippocampal pathway, thus reinforcing the hypothesis of the cerebellar role in non-motor domains. However, our understanding of limbic-cerebellar interconnectivity in humans is rather sparse, primarily due to the intrinsic limitation in the acquisition of in vivo tracing.

A Direct Cortico-Nigral Pathway as Revealed by Constrained Spherical Deconvolution Tractography in Humans.

Substantia nigra is an important neuronal structure, located in the ventral midbrain, that exerts a regulatory function within the basal ganglia circuitry through the nigro-striatal pathway. Although its subcortical connections are relatively well-known in human brain, little is known about its cortical connections. The existence of a direct cortico-nigral pathway has been demonstrated in rodents and primates but only hypothesized in humans.

Red nucleus connectivity as revealed by constrained spherical deconvolution tractography.

Previous Diffusion Tensor Imaging studies have demonstrated that the human red nucleus is widely interconnected with sensory-motor and prefrontal cortices. In this study, we assessed red nucleus connectivity by using a multi-tensor model called non- negative Constrained Spherical Deconvolution (CSD), which is able to resolve more than one fiber orientation per voxel. Connections of the red nuclei of fifteen volunteers were studied at 3T using CSD axonal tracking.