Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 provides low-level cross-protection against common cold coronaviruses in mouse and non-human primate animal models.

The common cold coronaviruses are a source of ongoing morbidity and mortality particularly among elderly and immunocompromised individuals. While cross-reactive immune responses against multiple coronaviruses have been described following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and vaccination, it remains unclear if these confer any degree of cross-protection against the common cold coronaviruses. A recombinant fowl adenovirus vaccine expressing the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (FAdV-9-S19) was generated, and protection from SARS-CoV-2 challenge was shown in K18-hACE2 mice.

Affected brother as the highest risk factor of type 1 diabetes development in children and adolescents: One center data before implementing type 1 diabetes national screening.

Background: There is an increased risk for childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D) when T1D and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are reported in relatives.

Objectives: Our objective was to evaluate current family risk factors for T1D development before implementing a national screening program for T1D.

Material And Methods: A population of 879 Caucasian children and adolescents with T1D and 286 healthy controls were enrolled in the study.

Sociodemographic and Health-Related Factors Influencing Drug Intake among the Elderly Population.

Excessive drugs intake among the elderly population, including self-medication, constitutes an important public health problem. Polypharmacy may lead to numerous adverse health effects, which become more prevalent when combined with biological changes in seniors. In this cross-sectional study, 500 Polish adults aged ≥60 years (M = 67.

Correction: Agrawal et al. The Assessment of Fear of COVID-19 among the Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. 2021, 5537.

In the original publication [...

Identification of Barriers Limiting the Use of Preventive Vaccinations against Influenza among the Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Older adults are at a high risk of experiencing severe complications of influenza. Receiving a vaccination is a beneficial strategy to prevent the disease and reduce the severity of influenza illnesses. This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study aimed to evaluate the influence of sociodemographic, clinical, and mental parameters as well as other potential risk factors on refusal to vaccinate against influenza among the elderly population in Poland.

The Assessment of Fear of COVID-19 among the Elderly Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The prevailing COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected the mental health and well-being of individuals. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the perceived fear of COVID-19 among older adults in Poland and identify subpopulations with the highest risk of potential mental health disorders. The study was conducted in November-December 2020 on 500 people aged ≥60 years (mean M = 67.

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Digital Patient-Reported Outcome Tool in Routine Outpatient Diabetes Care: Mixed Methods Formative Pilot Study.

Background: Improvements in the digital capabilities of health systems provide new opportunities for the integration of patient-reported outcome (PRO) solutions in routine care, which can facilitate the delivery of person-centered diabetes care. We undertook this study as part of our development of a new digital PRO diabetes questionnaire and clinical dialog support tool for use by people with diabetes and their health care professionals (HCPs) to improve person-centered diabetes care quality and outcomes.

Objective: This study evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and perceived benefits and impacts of using a digital PRO diabetes tool, DiaProfil, in routine outpatient diabetes care.

Perceived Benefits, Barriers, and Facilitators of a Digital Patient-Reported Outcomes Tool for Routine Diabetes Care: Protocol for a National, Multicenter, Mixed Methods Implementation Study.

Background: There is growing evidence that digital patient-reported outcome (PRO) questionnaires and PRO-based decision support tools may help improve the active engagement of people with diabetes in self-care, thereby improving the quality of care. However, many barriers still exist for the real-world effectiveness and implementation of such PRO tools in routine care. Furthermore, limited research has evaluated the acceptability, feasibility, and benefits of such tools across different health care settings.

Increased prevalence of celiac disease and its clinical picture among patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 - observations from a single pediatric center in Central Europe.

Introduction: The aim of our study was to analyze the incidence and the clinical characteristic of celiac disease (CD) in pediatric population with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Material And Methods: The data of 880 patients with T1DM, 429 girls, mean age 12.14 ±4.

Cardiovascular Effects of Hypoglycemic Agents in Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Despite substantial improvements over the years, diabetes mellitus is still associated with cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and excess mortality.

Objective: The objective of this article is to examine existing data on the reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetes. Control of glycemia, lipid levels, and blood pressure are described in brief.

Bioactive hydrogel scaffolds reinforced with alkaline-phosphatase containing halloysite nanotubes for bone repair applications.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), biomineralization promoting enzyme, was immobilized in halloysite (HAL) nanotubes and used as a bioactive component of the chitosan (CH) and chitosan-collagen (C-CH) hydrogel scaffolds for bone regeneration. The influence of HAL-ALP and collagen on the properties of the obtained materials was studied. 30 wt% of HAL-ALP increased significantly the swelling ratio of chitosan-based scaffolds.

Synthesis, CYP24A1-Dependent Metabolism and Antiproliferative Potential against Colorectal Cancer Cells of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Derivatives Modified at the Side Chain and the A-Ring.

Experimental data indicate that low-calcemic vitamin D derivatives (VDDs) exhibit anticancer properties, both and . In our search for a vitamin D analog as potential anticancer agent, we investigated the influence of chirality in the side chain of the derivatives of 1,25-dihydroxyergocalciferol (1,25D2) on their activities. In this study, we synthesized modified analogs at the side chain and the A-ring, which differed from one another in their absolute configuration at C-24, namely (24)- and (24)-1,25-dihydroxy-19--20a-homo-ergocalciferols (PRI-5105 and PRI-5106, respectively), and evaluated their activity.

Investigation of the Condition of the Gold Electrodes Surface in a Plasma Reactor.

During the long-term operation of a plasma reactor, decreases in plasma concentration were noticed despite the constant maintenance of all parameters. One of the factors was the decrease in the nitrogen content on the electrode surface; in order to eliminate it, the supply voltage was increased up to 11 kV. Another decisive factor in the plasma concentration decrease was the oxidation of the electrode surface.

Halloysite-alkaline phosphatase system-A potential bioactive component of scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was sucessfully incorporated into the halloysite (HAL) nanotubes, as confirmed by FTIR-ATR and XRD analyses. The loading efficiency (LE) of ALP was found to be 13.5%, while its encapsulation efficiency (EE) was estimated to be around 27%, as determined using the Bradford test.

Acyclovir in the Treatment of Herpes Viruses - A Review.

Background: Herpes Simplex (HSV) viruses are widely spread, highly contagious human pathogens. The statistics indicate that 50-90% of adults worldwide are seropositive for these viruses, mainly HSV-1 and HSV-2. The primary infection results in the appearance of watery blisters (cold sores) on the skin, lips, tongue, buccal mucosa or genitals.

Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of the Process-Related Impurities of Eplerenone, an Antihypertensive Drug.

Two unknown impurities were observed during the process development for multigram-scale synthesis of eplerenone (Inspra). The new process-related impurities were identified and fully characterized as the corresponding (7β,11α,17α)-11-hydroxy- and (7α,11β,17α)-9,11-dichloroeplerenone derivatives and . Seven other known but poorly described in the literature eplerenone impurities, including four impurities A, B, C and E listed in the European Pharmacopoeia 8.

Highly conformal CT based surface mould brachytherapy for non-melanoma skin cancers of earlobe and nose.

Purpose: Brachytherapy (BT), due to rapid dose fall off and minor set-up errors, should be superior to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for treatment of lesions in difficult locations like nose and earlobe. Evidences in this field are scarce. We describe computed tomography (CT) based surface mould BT for non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), and compare its conformity, dose coverage, and tissue sparing ability to EBRT.

Antiproliferative Activity and in Vivo Toxicity of Double-Point Modified Analogs of 1,25-Dihydroxyergocalciferol.

Analogs of 1,25-dihydroxyergocalciferol, modified in the side-chain and in the A-ring, were tested for their antiproliferative activity against a series of human cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo toxicity. The proliferation inhibition caused by the analogs was higher than that of the parent compounds, while the toxicity, measured as the serum calcium level, was lower. All analogs were able to induce, in HL-60 and MV4-11 leukemic cells, G₀/G₁ cell cycle arrest and differentiation expressed as morphological signs typical for monocytes.

Biological evaluation of new vitamin D analogues.

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D), a steroid hormone which regulates calcium/phosphate homeostasis, has a broad spectrum of anti-cancer activities, including differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. In order to avoid undesirable side effects such as hypercalcemia, low-calcemic analogues should be produced for therapeutic purposes. In this paper, we describe biological activities of double-point modified analogues of vitamin D and we compare them to 1,25D and to paricalcitol, the drug used to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Acute effects of monounsaturated fat on postprandial lipemia and gene expression in first-degree relatives of subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Background/objectives: Subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their nondiabetic first-degree relatives (REL) have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Postprandial triglyceridemia (PPL), influenced by diet, is an independent risk factor for CVD. Dietary fat elicits increased PPL in T2D compared with nondiabetic controls, but our knowledge of PPL responses to fat in REL is sparse.

Synthesis and crystal structure of anhydrous analog of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3.

As predicted by single crystal X-ray crystallography, and contrary to the reported suggestions, the anhydrous form of calcipotriol, a therapeutically important vitamin D analog, was found stable enough to be used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient. The crystal and molecular structure of calcipotriol anhydrate was solved and refined using single crystal X-ray diffraction. The analog was obtained by a novel convergent synthesis from the vitamin D C-22 sulfone, as an advanced intermediate and a side-chain fragment.

Synthesis and crystallographic study of 1,25-dihydroxyergocalciferol analogs.

The hybrid analogs of 1,25-dihydroxyergocalciferol (PRI-5201 and PRI-5202) were synthesized as potential anticancer agents using a convergent strategy. The analogs were designed by combining a 19-nor modification of the A-ring with the homologated and rigidified ergocalciferol-like side-chain of the previously obtained analogs PRI-1906 and PRI-1907. The strategy also allowed the novel efficient synthesis of 19-nor-1,25-dihydroxyergocalciferol (paricalcitol, PRI-5100) and its (24R)-diastereomer (PRI-5101).

Liraglutide suppresses postprandial triglyceride and apolipoprotein B48 elevations after a fat-rich meal in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial.

Aims: Postprandial triglyceridaemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigated the effects of steady-state liraglutide 1.8 mg versus placebo on postprandial plasma lipid concentrations after 3 weeks of treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Effects of a meal rich in medium-chain saturated fat on postprandial lipemia in relatives of type 2 diabetics.

Objective: Patients with type 2 diabetes and their relatives (REL) have increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Postprandial triglyceridemia (PPL), which is influenced by diet, is an independent risk factor for CVD. Little is known about the effects of medium-chain saturated fatty acids (medium-chain SFA) on PPL and gene expression in REL.

A novel convergent synthesis of the antiglaucoma PGF2α analogue bimatoprost.

The 17-phenyl PGF(2α) analogue bimatoprost (10a) is the most efficacious ocular hypotensive agent currently available for the treatment of glaucoma or ocular hypertension. A novel convergent synthesis of 13,14-en-15-ol prostamideF(2α) analogues was developed employing Julia-Lythgoe olefination of the structurally advanced phenylsulfone (+)-(5Z)-15 with an enantiomerically pure aldehyde ω-chain synthon (-)-(S)-16a. Subsequent hydrolysis of protecting groups and final amidation of the diol 26a yielded bimatoprost (10a).