Regeneration of zebrafish retina following toxic injury.

The structure of the zebrafish retina appears to be very similar to that of mammals, that is why it is used as a model for studying the eye. Indeed, the zebrafish retina can regenerate itself through mechanisms of Müller cell reprogramming. In this research, adult zebrafish were exposed to aluminum to cause damage in the retina and thus evaluate the regenerative capacity of the damaged tissue.

Gallbladder sludge and microlithiasis disappearance in a cystic fibrosis patient 1 year after triple combination therapy initiation.

Gallstones, microlithiasis, gallbladder sludge, and micro-gallbladder are frequently reported in cystic fibrosis patients, and modulators could modify gallbladder disease, probably reducing biliary secretions viscosity.

Complete blood count-based inflammation indexes and symptom severity in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: An analysis based on structural equation modelling.

Introduction: Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) are associated with immune-inflammatory activation. Recently, complete blood count (CBC)-based inflammation indexes such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have emerged as reproducible and cost-effective inflammation markers in mental disorders. In this study, we aimed at investigating the relationship of NLR, MLR, and PLR with symptom severity in people with SSDs, testing interactions with relevant clinical variables.

Comparative Study of Condensed and Hydrolysable Tannins during the Early Stages of Zebrafish Development.

In this study, we present data on the effects of condensed tannins (CTs) and hydrolysable tannins (HTs), polyphenols extracted from plants, at different concentrations on zebrafish development to identify the range of concentrations with toxic effects. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to CTs and HTs at two different concentration ranges (5.0-20.

Insight on cytotoxic NHC gold(I) halide complexes evaluated in multifaceted culture systems.

Gold complexes can be a useful system in the fight against cancer. Although many studies have been carried out on in vitro 2D cell culture models embryotoxic assays are particularly lacking. Embryotoxicity and DNA damage are critical concerns in drug development.

Fabry disease: a rare disorder calling for personalized medicine.

Fabry Disease (FD) is a genetic disease caused by a deficiency in the activity of lysosomal galactosidase A (α-GalA), an enzyme responsible for the catabolism of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3). Since lysosomes are present throughout the body and play a crucial role in catabolism and recycling of cytosolic compounds, FD can affect multiple organs and result in various symptoms, including renal, cardiovascular, neurological, cutaneous, and ophthalmic manifestations. Due to the nonspecific symptoms and the rarity of FD, it is often diagnosed late in life.

Aluminum exposure alters the pedal mucous secretions of the chocolate-band snail, Eobania vermiculata (Gastropoda: Helicidae).

Aluminum (Al) is used in everyday life and present in food drugs, packaging, industry, and agriculture. Although it is the most common metal in the Earth crust, a correlation has been demonstrated between its presence and various pathologies, even serious ones, especially of a neurological type. However, there is a histological gap regarding the role Al can have in contact with the covering and secreting epithelia.

Exploring depression in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A cross-sectional analysis of the clinical relationship with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale dimensions.

Objective: Evidence on the relationship between depression and clinical dimensions of schizophrenia remains limited. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between depression and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) dimensions in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Methods: Trained assessors administered the PANSS to measure symptoms of schizophrenia and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia to measure depression.

DNAJB11 Mutation in ADPKD Patients: Clinical Characteristics in a Monocentric Cohort.

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a late-onset cilia-related disorder, characterized by progressive cystic enlargement of the kidneys. It is genetically heterogeneous with and pathogenic variants identified in approximately 78% and 15% of families, respectively. More recently, additional ADPKD genes, such as , have been identified and included in the diagnostic routine test for renal cystic diseases.

Polystyrene microplastics effects on zebrafish embryological development: Comparison of two different sizes.

Microplastics have become a great worldwide problem and it's therefore important to study their possible effects on human and environmental health. In this study, zebrafish embryos were used to compare two different sizes of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs), 1 µm and 3 µm respectively, at 0.01, 0.

Expanding the Clinical Spectrum of -Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder.

Objectives: gene encodes for Upstream Binding Transcription Factor, an essential protein for RNA metabolism. A recurrent de novo variant (c.628G>A; p.

Synthesis and Degradation of Poly(ADP-ribose) in Zebrafish Brain Exposed to Aluminum.

Poly(ADPribosyl)ation is a post-translational protein modification, catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARPs) enzymes, responsible for ADP-ribose polymer synthesis (PAR) from NAD. PAR turnover is assured by poly(ADPR) glycohydrolase (PARGs) enzymes. In our previous study, the altered histology of zebrafish brain tissue, resulting in demyelination and neurodegeneration also with poly(ADPribosyl)ation hyperactivation, was demonstrated after aluminum (Al) exposure for 10 and 15 days.

Aluminum induces a stress response in zebrafish gills by influencing metabolic parameters, morphology, and redox homeostasis.

Environmental air pollution and resulting acid rain have the effect of increasing aluminum levels in water bodies. We studied the effects of aluminum on fish gills, the tissue most exposed to aluminum, using zebrafish as an experimental model. Adult zebrafish were exposed to an aluminum concentration found in polluted environments (11 mg/L) for 10, 15 and 20 days and the effects on gill morphology, redox homeostasis (ROS content, NADPH oxidase, NOX, activity, oxidative damage, antioxidant enzymes, total antioxidant capacity, in vitro susceptibility to oxidants) and on behavioural and metabolic parameters (routine respiratory oxygen consumption rMO, tail-beating frequency, cytochrome oxidase activity and muscle lactate content) were evaluated.

Potent dual MAGL/FAAH inhibitor AKU-005 engages endocannabinoids to diminish meningeal nociception implicated in migraine pain.

Background: Engaging the endocannabinoid system through inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), degrading endocannabinoids (endoCBs) 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and anandamide (AEA), was proposed as a promising approach to ameliorate migraine pain. However, the activity of MAGL and FAAH and action of endoCB on spiking activity of meningeal afferents, from which migraine pain originates, has not been explored thus far. Therefore, we here explored the analgesic effects of endoCB enhancement in rat and human meningeal tissues.

Cardiac Transcriptome Remodeling and Impaired Bioenergetics in Single-Ventricle Congenital Heart Disease.

The mechanisms responsible for heart failure in single-ventricle congenital heart disease are unknown. Using explanted heart tissue, we showed that failing single-ventricle hearts have dysregulated metabolic pathways, impaired mitochondrial function, decreased activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase activity, and altered functioning of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Interestingly, nonfailing single-ventricle hearts demonstrated an intermediate metabolic phenotype suggesting that they are vulnerable to development of heart failure in the future.

Circulating MicroRNAs Identify Early Phenotypic Changes in Sarcomeric Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common genetic cardiomyopathy. Pathogenic germline variation in genes encoding the sarcomere is the predominant cause of disease. However diagnostic features, including unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy, typically do not develop until late adolescence or after.

Hybrid epicardial-endocardial ablation for long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation: A subanalysis of the CONVERGE Trial.

Background: Favorable clinical outcomes are difficult to achieve in long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (LSPAF) with catheter ablation (CA). The CONVERGE (Convergence of Epicardial and Endocardial Ablation for the Treatment of Symptomatic Persistent Atrial FIbrillation) trial evaluated the effectiveness of hybrid convergent (HC) ablation vs endocardial CA.

Objective: The study sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of HC vs CA in the LSPAF subgroup from the CONVERGE trial.

AngioVac system for infective endocarditis: A new treatment for an old disease.

Three different patients presented to our institution with right-sided infective endocarditis (IE). All three were found to have vegetation on the tricuspid valve. These patients were started on appropriate antimicrobial therapy according to their blood cultures sensitivities.

FM1-43 Dye Memorizes Piezo1 Activation in the Trigeminal Nociceptive System Implicated in Migraine Pain.

It has been proposed that mechanosensitive Piezo1 channels trigger migraine pain in trigeminal nociceptive neurons, but the mechanosensitivity of satellite glial cells (SGCs) supporting neuronal sensitization has not been tested before. Moreover, tools to monitor previous Piezo1 activation are not available. Therefore, by using live calcium imaging with Fluo-4 AM and labeling with FM1-43 dye, we explored a new strategy to identify Piezo channels' activity in mouse trigeminal neurons, SGCs, and isolated meninges.

The Arylamidine T-2307 as a Novel Treatment for the Prevention and Eradication of Biofilms.

is an emerging pathogen with a high mortality rate due to its virulence factors, including biofilm formation, that has important repercussions on the public health system. The ability of to form biofilms, which are potentially more resistant to antifungal drugs and the consequent increasing antimicrobial resistance, highlights an urgent need for the development of novel antifungal. The present study analyzed the antibiofilm capacity of the arylamidine T-2307 on two strains of .

Undesired Effect of Vancomycin Prolonged Treatment: Enhanced Biofilm Production of the Nosocomial Pathogen .

Fungal infections are often consequent to prolonged antibiotic treatments. Vancomycin (Van) is the first-choice antibiotic in the treatment of infections associated with colonization of catheter surfaces. We demonstrate the direct effect of Van in promoting the formation of the biofilm of the emergent yeast pathogen developed in the conventional polystyrene microwell plate model, as well as on silicone surfaces (22 and 28% increase in total biomass, respectively) and on an biofilm, residual after vancomycin treatment, where achieved 99% of the mixed biofilm population.

A model for microbial interactions and metabolomic alterations in Candida glabrata-Staphylococcus epidermidis dual-species biofilms.

The fungus Candida glabrata and the bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis are important biofilm-forming microorganisms responsible of nosocomial infections in patients. In addition to causing single-species disease, these microorganisms are also involved in polymicrobial infections leading to an increased antimicrobial resistance. To expand knowledge about polymicrobial biofilms, in this study we investigate the formation of single- and dual-species biofilms of these two opportunistic pathogens employing several complementary approaches.