Volatile Organic Compounds in Cellular Headspace after Hyperbaric Oxygen Exposure: An In Vitro Pilot Study.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) might be associated with pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). This pilot study aims to identify VOCs linked to oxidative stress employing an in vitro model of alveolar basal epithelial cells exposed to hyperbaric and hyperoxic conditions. In addition, the feasibility of this in vitro model for POT biomarker research was evaluated.

How fit are military hyperbaric personnel after an asymptomatic or mild symptomatic COVID-19 infection? A retrospective study.

Introduction: In the diving community there is a special need to know if asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 disease impacts the cardiopulmonary functioning of individuals with occupational exposure to extreme environments. To date, no controlled studies have been conducted comparing COVID-19-infected hyperbaric employees and non-COVID-19-infected peers in a military setting.

Methods: Between June 2020 and June 2021, healthy, hyperbaric, military personnel aged between 18 and 54 years old, who had recovered from asymptomatic or subclinical COVID-19 disease at least one month earlier, were analysed.

Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Exhaled Breath Following a COMEX-30 Treatment Table.

The COMEX-30 hyperbaric treatment table is used to manage decompression sickness in divers but may result in pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath are early markers of hyperoxic stress that may be linked to POT. The present study assessed whether VOCs following COMEX-30 treatment are early markers of hyperoxic stress and/or POT in ten healthy, nonsmoking volunteers.

Volatile Organic Compounds Frequently Identified after Hyperbaric Hyperoxic Exposure: The VAPOR Library.

Diving or hyperbaric oxygen therapy with increased partial pressures of oxygen (pO) can have adverse effects such as central nervous system oxygen toxicity or pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). Prevention of POT has been a topic of interest for several decades. One of the most promising techniques to determine early signs of POT is the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath.

Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity Through Exhaled Breath Markers After Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment Table 6.

The hyperbaric oxygen treatment table 6 (TT6) is widely used to manage dysbaric illnesses in divers and iatrogenic gas emboli in patients after surgery and other interventional procedures. These treatment tables can have adverse effects, such as pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). It is caused by reactive oxygen species' damaging effect in lung tissue and is often experienced after multiple days of therapy.

Routine Chest X-Rays Are Inaccurate in Detecting Relevant Intrapulmonary Anomalies During Medical Assessments of Fitness to Dive.

Intrapulmonary pathology, such as bullae or blebs, can cause pulmonary barotrauma when diving. Many diving courses require chest X-rays (CXR) or high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) to exclude asymptomatic healthy individuals with these lesions. The ability of routine CXRs and HRCT to assess fitness to dive has never been evaluated.

Perioperative Hyperoxyphobia: Justified or Not? Benefits and Harms of Hyperoxia during Surgery.

The use of an inspiratory oxygen fraction of 0.80 during surgery is a topic of ongoing debate. Opponents claim that increased oxidative stress, atelectasis, and impaired oxygen delivery due to hyperoxic vasoconstriction are detrimental.

Detecting Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity Using eNose Technology and Associations between Electronic Nose and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Data.

Exposure to oxygen under increased atmospheric pressures can induce pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). Exhaled breath analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has revealed that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are associated with inflammation and lipoperoxidation after hyperbaric-hyperoxic exposure. Electronic nose (eNose) technology would be more suited for the detection of POT, since it is less time and resource consuming.

Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity in Navy Divers: A Crossover Study Using Exhaled Breath Analysis After a One-Hour Air or Oxygen Dive at Nine Meters of Sea Water.

Exposure to hyperbaric hyperoxic conditions can lead to pulmonary oxygen toxicity. Although a decrease in vital capacity has long been the gold standard, newer diagnostic modalities may be more accurate. In pulmonary medicine, much research has focussed on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with inflammation in exhaled breath.

Oxygen Toxicity and Special Operations Forces Diving: Hidden and Dangerous.

In Special Operations Forces (SOF) closed-circuit rebreathers with 100% oxygen are commonly utilized for covert diving operations. Exposure to high partial pressures of oxygen (PO) could cause damage to the central nervous system (CNS) and pulmonary system. Longer exposure time and higher PO leads to faster development of more serious pathology.

Oxygen, the lung and the diver: friends and foes?

Worldwide, the number of professional and sports divers is increasing. Most of them breathe diving gases with a raised partial pressure of oxygen (P ). However, if the P is between 50 and 300 kPa (375-2250 mmHg) (hyperoxia), pathological pulmonary changes can develop, known as pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT).

Tympanic membrane bleeding complications during hyperbaric oxygen treatment in patients with or without antiplatelet and anticoagulant drug treatment.

Introduction: Middle ear barotrauma (MEBt) is a frequently occurring complication of hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT). High-grade MEBt may involve tympanic membrane (TM) haemorrhaging. Although many patients undergoing HBOT use antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs, it is unknown whether these drugs increase the risk of MEBt and particularly TM bleeding complications.

A retrospective cohort study of lidocaine in divers with neurological decompression illness.

Lidocaine is the most extensively studied substance for adjuvant therapy in neurological decompression illness (DCI), but results have been conflicting. In this retrospective cohort study, we compared 14 patients who received adjuvant intravenous lidocaine for neurological decompression sickness and cerebral arterial gas embolism between 2001 and 2011 against 21 patients who were treated between 1996 and 2001 and did not receive lidocaine. All patients were treated with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy according to accepted guidelines.