Malignant somatostatinoma presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis and inhibitory syndrome: pathophysiologic considerations.

Objective: To describe a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis secondary to a malignant somatostatinoma.

Methods: We present the clinical, laboratory, radiologic, and pathologic findings of a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis secondary to a malignant somatostatinoma. We also review the potential effects of somatostatin on glucose homeostasis and discuss the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms.

Cross-talk of anosmin-1, the protein implicated in X-linked Kallmann's syndrome, with heparan sulphate and urokinase-type plasminogen activator.

Defective function of anosmin-1, the protein encoded by KAL-1, underlies X-linked Kallmann's syndrome (X-KS), a human hereditary developmental disorder. Anosmin-1 appears to play a role in neurite outgrowth and axon branching, although molecular mechanisms of its action are still unknown. Anosmin-1 contains a WAP (whey acidic protein-like) domain and four contiguous FnIII (fibronectin-like type III) repeats; its WAP domain shows similarity to known serine protease inhibitors, whereas the FnIII domains contain HS (heparan sulphate)-binding sequences.