IRE1 endoribonuclease signaling promotes myeloid cell infiltration in glioblastoma.

Background: Intrinsic or environmental stresses trigger the accumulation of improperly folded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to ER stress. To cope with this, cells have evolved an adaptive mechanism named the unfolded protein response (UPR) which is hijacked by tumor cells to develop malignant features. Glioblastoma (GB), the most aggressive and lethal primary brain tumor, relies on UPR to sustain growth.

Natural history of spinal cord metastasis from brain glioblastomas.

Background And Objectives: Spinal cord metastasis arising from an intracranial glioblastoma is a rare and late event during the natural course of the disease. These pathological entities remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to identify and investigate the timeline, clinical and imaging findings, and prognostic factors of spinal cord metastasis from a glioblastoma.

Delayed [ 18 F]-FDG PET Imaging Increases Diagnostic Performance and Reproducibility to Differentiate Recurrence of Brain Metastases From Radionecrosis.

Purpose: Differentiating brain metastasis recurrence from radiation necrosis can be challenging during MRI follow-up after stereotactic radiotherapy. [ 18 F]-FDG is the most available PET tracer, but standard images performed 30 to 60 minutes postinjection provide insufficient accuracy. We compared the diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement of [ 18 F]-FDG PET with delayed images (4-5 hours postinjection) with the ones provided by standard and dual-time-point imaging.

Impact of point-spread function reconstruction on dynamic and static F-DOPA PET/CT quantitative parameters in glioma.

Background: Quantification of dynamic and static parameters extracted from 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[F]-fluoro-L-phenylalanine (F-DOPA, FDOPA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) plays a critical role for glioma assessment. The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of point-spread function (PSF) reconstruction on these quantitative parameters.

Methods: Fourteen patients with untreated gliomas and investigated with FDOPA PET/CT were analyzed.

Combining F-DOPA PET and MRI with perfusion-weighted imaging improves delineation of high-grade subregions in enhancing and non-enhancing gliomas prior treatment: a biopsy-controlled study.

Purpose: We aimed to compare spatial extent of high-grade subregions detected with combined [F]-dihydroxyphenylalanine (F-DOPA) PET and MRI to the one provided by advanced multimodal MRI alone including Contrast-enhanced (CE) and Perfusion weighted imaging (PWI). Then, we compared the accuracy between imaging modalities, in a per biopsy analysis.

Methods: Participants with suspected diffuse glioma were prospectively included between June 2018 and September 2019.

Additive Value of Dynamic FDOPA PET/CT for Glioma Grading.

The aim of this study was to assess the value of the FDOPA PET kinetic parameters extracted using full kinetic analysis for tumor grading with neuronavigation-guided biopsies as reference in patients with newly-diagnosed gliomas. Fourteen patients with untreated gliomas were investigated. Twenty minutes of dynamic positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging and a 20-min static image 10 min after injection were reconstructed from a 40-min list-mode acquisition immediately after FDOPA injection.

Ventriculitis: A Severe Complication of Central Nervous System Infections.

Background: Ventriculitis, a dreaded complication of brain abscess, meningitis, and various neurosurgical procedures, has attracted limited attention in the medical literature.

Methods: This is a retrospective, single-center study. We screened the medical files of all patients who had a brain imaging report that included the word "ventriculitis" during years 2005-2019.

Reflux of Endoplasmic Reticulum proteins to the cytosol inactivates tumor suppressors.

In the past decades, many studies reported the presence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident proteins in the cytosol. However, the mechanisms by which these proteins relocate and whether they exert cytosolic functions remain unknown. We find that a subset of ER luminal proteins accumulates in the cytosol of glioblastoma cells isolated from mouse and human tumors.

Local intracerebral inhibition of IRE1 by MKC8866 sensitizes glioblastoma to irradiation/chemotherapy in vivo.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most severe primary brain cancer. Despite an aggressive treatment comprising surgical resection and radio/chemotherapy, patient's survival post diagnosis remains short. A limitation for success in finding novel improved therapeutic options for such dismal disease partly lies in the lack of a relevant animal model that accurately recapitulates patient disease and standard of care.

Optimization of time frame binning for FDOPA uptake quantification in glioma.

Introduction: 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]fluoro-L-phenylalanine (FDOPA) uptake quantification in glioma assessment can be distorted using a non-optimal time frame binning of time-activity curves (TAC). Under-sampling or over-sampling dynamic PET images induces significant variations on kinetic parameters quantification. We aimed to optimize temporal time frame binning for dynamic FDOPA PET imaging.

Fluorescein-guided surgery for spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: A short series.

The gold standard treatment of spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVF) is surgical exclusion. The main surgical challenge is to localize the origin of the shunting vein and to ensure its complete exclusion. In that context, intra operative angiography technologies have been developed, such as fluorescein video angiography (FVA).

Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Clinical Outcome After Surgery Versus Embolization: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are rare vascular spinal malformations. According to the reported data, surgery seems to result in better occlusion rates than endovascular treatment. However, the post-treatment evolution of neurological symptoms stratified by the treatment remains unknown.

Should the clinic matter to nonphysician scientists?

Translational medicine has been nurtured by the creation of M.D.-Ph.

Comparison of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions in open versus closed spinal dysraphism: A prospective cross-sectional study of 318 patients.

Aims: To compare the neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) in patients with closed spinal dysraphism (CSD) versus patients with open spinal dysraphism (OSD) as well as their management patterns.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2007 and December 2015 including all spina bifida patients seen at the multidisciplinary French national referral center for spina bifida. NLUTD and its management were compared between the OSD and CSD groups.

Modern Management of Meningiomas Compressing the Optic Nerve: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Meningiomas that compress the optic nerve (ON) can lead to different visual outcomes depending on the segment of ON affected (intraorbital, canalicular, and intracranial). In this study, we performed a comprehensive comparison of the management options (surgery, radiation, or observation alone) for meningiomas compressing the ON, categorized by location and relation to the ON.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews databases were searched according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement.

Fluorescein-guided resection of brain arteriovenous malformations: A short series.

Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) are complex and highly challenging lesions, for which intra-operative indocyanin green fluorescence video angiography is widely used. Fluorescein video angiography (FVA) recently appeared as an alternative technique but the feasibility and usefulness of this technique is yet uncertain. This short series reports our preliminary experience of FVA in intracranial AVM surgery.

Dual IRE1 RNase functions dictate glioblastoma development.

Proteostasis imbalance is emerging as a major hallmark of cancer, driving tumor aggressiveness. Evidence suggests that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a major site for protein folding and quality control, plays a critical role in cancer development. This concept is valid in glioblastoma multiform (GBM), the most lethal primary brain cancer with no effective treatment.

Prognostic factors for survival in adult patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a decision-tree-based model.

We assessed prognostic factors in relation to OS from progression in recurrent glioblastomas. Retrospective multicentric study enrolling 407 (training set) and 370 (external validation set) adult patients with a recurrent supratentorial glioblastoma treated by surgical resection and standard combined chemoradiotherapy as first-line treatment. Four complementary multivariate prognostic models were evaluated: Cox proportional hazards regression modeling, single-tree recursive partitioning, random survival forest, conditional random forest.