Adipocytokines: Are they the Theory of Everything?

Introduction: Adipose tissue secretes various bioactive peptides/proteins, immune molecules and inflammatory mediators which are known as adipokines or adipocytokines. Adipokines play important roles in the maintenance of energy homeostasis, appetite, glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, angiogenesis, immunity and inflammation. Enormous number of studies from all over the world proved that adipocytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of diseases affecting nearly all body systems, which raises the question whether we can always blame adipocytokines as the triggering factor of every disease that may hit the body.

Psoriasis and Metabolic Syndrome: Comorbidities and Environmental and Therapeutic Implications.

Psoriasis (PS) is an incessant, fiery skin sickness characterized by erythematous plaques with thick silvery scales, white or red patches of the skin, which encompasses several immunological, biomolecular, genetic, and environmental factors that may lead to further development of metabolic syndrome (MS) and vice versa. Metabolic syndrome is composed of multiple components (high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia) of risk factors that arise primarily from insulin resistance, mostly mediated by inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) together with leptin and adiponectin, which are molecules also found in PS. The incidence, severity, and poor prognosis of the psoriatic diseases could be influenced by cardiometabolic diseases, which are controllable or preventable with intense lifestyle modification such as diet, exercise, and weight control.

Insulin like growth factor 1 is linked to higher cardiovascular risk score in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease.

Introduction: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a peptide that shares sequence homology with insulin and has endocrine, paracrine and autocrine functions, acts on endothelial cells, and stimulates angiogenesis. IGF1 also affects renal hemodynamics both directly and indirectly by interacting with the renin-angiotensin system.

Objective: The study aimed at detecting a relation between age-adjusted IGF1 (AAIGF1) and cardiovascular risk score in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease.