Structural and social determinants of health: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.

Background: Researchers have increasingly recognized the importance of structural and social determinants of health (SSDOH) as key drivers of a multitude of diseases and health outcomes. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) is an ongoing, longitudinal cohort study of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) that has followed geographically and racially/ethnically diverse participants starting in 2000. Since its inception, MESA has incorporated numerous SSDOH assessments and instruments to study in relation to CVD and aging outcomes.

Geo-classification of drug-resistant travel-associated using and gene sequences (USA, 2018-2021).

Travel-related malaria is regularly encountered in the United States, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) characterizes drug-resistance genotypes routinely for travel-related cases.

The Contrasting Effects of and Venom on Procoagulant Activity and Thrombus Stability under Blood Flow Conditions.

Background: Consumption coagulopathy and hemorrhagic syndrome are the typical features of sp. snake envenoming. In contrast, envenoming can induce thrombotic complications.

Reinforcement learning with thermal fluctuations at the nanoscale.

Reinforcement Learning offers a framework to learn to choose actions in order to control a system. However, at small scales Brownian fluctuations limit the control of nanomachine actuation or nanonavigation and of the molecular machinery of life. We analyze this regime using the general framework of Markov decision processes.

Anthropology and ethnobotany in health mediation: an illustration of a clinical, personalized approach for Haitian migrants in a French Guianese hospital.

Introduction: In French Guiana, a European territory in Guiana shield in the Amazon area, close to 40% of the current population was born abroad. In this context, it is important to listen to the experiences of migrants to better understand the difficulties encountered within the healthcare pathways. This is the aim of ANRS Parcours d'Haïti project, an epidemiological, biographical and socio-anthropological study conducted on a representative sample of the Haitian community in French Guiana and focusing on the social determinants of health.

Exploring the effect of the menstrual cycle or oral contraception on elite athletes' training responses when workload is not objectively quantifiable: the MILS approach and findings from female Olympians.

Objectives: Develop the Markov Index Load State (MILS) model, based on hidden Markov chains, to assess athletes' workload responses and investigate the effects of menstrual cycle (MC)/oral contraception (OC), sex steroids hormones and wellness on elite athletes' training.

Methods: On a 7-month longitudinal follow-up, daily training (volume and perceived effort, n=2200) and wellness (reported sleep quality and quantity, fitness, mood, menstrual symptoms, n=2509) data were collected from 24 female rowers and skiers preparing for the Olympics. 51 MC and 54 OC full cycles relying on 214 salivary hormone samples were analysed.

COVID-19 knowledge and mental health impact assessment in Haiti.

Mental health is a significant public health challenge globally, and one anticipated to increase following the COVID-19 pandemic. In many rural regions of developing nations, little is known about the prevalence of mental health conditions and factors that may help mitigate poor outcomes. This study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and social support for residents of rural Haiti.

A population-based analysis of hematological malignancies from a French-West-Indies cancer registry's data (2009-2018).

Background: A worldwide increased incidence of HM has been marked in recent decades. Therefore, to update epidemiological characteristics of HM in a French West Indies territory, we have performed analysis through Martinique's population-based cancer registry database.

Methods: We included cancer case data, from 2009-2018, coded in strict compliance with international standards set by International Agency for Research on Cancer.

Overcoming financial and social barriers during COVID-19: A medical student-led medical education innovation.

Background: Underrepresented minorities in medicine (URMM) may face financial and social limitations when applying to medical schools. The computer-based assessment for sampling personal characteristics (CASPER) test is used by many medical schools to assess the nonacademic competencies of applicants. Performance on CASPER can be enhanced by coaching and mentorship, which URMMs often lack, for affordability reasons, when applying to medical schools.

Domain convexification: A simple model for invasion processes.

We propose an invasion model where domains grow up to their convex hulls and merge when they overlap. This model can be seen as a continuum and isotropic counterpart of bootstrap percolation models. From numerical investigations of the model starting with randomly deposited overlapping disks on a plane, we find an invasion transition that occurs via macroscopic avalanches.

The effects of experience of discrimination and acculturation during pregnancy on the developing offspring brain.

The experience of ethnic, racial, and structural inequalities is increasingly recognized as detrimental to health, and early studies suggest that its experience in pregnant mothers may affect the developing fetus. We characterized discrimination and acculturation experiences in a predominantly Hispanic sample of pregnant adolescent women and assessed their association with functional connectivity in their neonate's brain. We collected self-report measures of acculturation, discrimination, maternal distress (i.

Massive invasion of organellar DNA drives nuclear genome evolution in .

is a zoonotic protist pathogen that infects up to one third of the human population. This apicomplexan parasite contains three genome sequences: nuclear (65 Mb); plastid organellar, ptDNA (35 kb); and mitochondrial organellar, mtDNA (5.9 kb of non-repetitive sequence).

Accurate generation of stochastic dynamics based on multi-model generative adversarial networks.

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have shown immense potential in fields such as text and image generation. Only very recently attempts to exploit GANs to statistical-mechanics models have been reported. Here we quantitatively test this approach by applying it to a prototypical stochastic process on a lattice.

Overall survival of patients with thyroid cancer in Martinique (2008-2018).

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) overall survival at 5 years was estimated at 97% in mainland France over 2010-2015. Its prognosis is known to be affected by patient age, tumor histology, size, and extension. This study aims to describe overall survival of thyroid cancer patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2018 in Martinique.

Increased Binding of von Willebrand Factor to Sub-Endothelial Collagen May Facilitate Thrombotic Events Complicating Envenomation in Humans.

Consumption coagulopathy and hemorrhagic syndrome exacerbated by blood anticoagulability remain the most important causes of lethality associated with snake envenomation. venom also engages platelet aggregation on the injured endothelium via von Willebrand factor (vWF) interactions. Besides platelet aggregation, some venom toxins may induce qualitative thrombopathy, which has been in part related to the inhibition of vWF activation.

Utilizing maternal prenatal cognition as a predictor of newborn brain measures of intellectual development.

Identifying reliable indicators of cognitive functioning prior to age five has been challenging. Prior studies have shown that maternal cognition, as indexed by intellectual quotient (IQ) and years of education, predict child intelligence at school age. We examined whether maternal full scale IQ, education, and inhibitory control (index of executive function) are associated with newborn brain measures and toddler language outcomes to assess potential indicators of early cognition.

Embedding Care in Communities: Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Community Health Worker Training Initiative in Rural Haiti.

Background: Community Health Workers (CHWs) are valuable members within the communities they serve and increase access to health care by garnering the trust of their fellow neighbors, providing services including facilitating access to care, and improving the quality and cultural competence of service delivery. In Southern Haiti, there is a health care provider shortage with one doctor or nurse per 3,000 persons. CHWs are critical to help close the gap of the lack of access to care and facilitate the provision of basic health care.

Massive invasion of organellar DNA drives nuclear genome evolution in .

is a zoonotic protist pathogen that infects up to 1/3 of the human population. This apicomplexan parasite contains three genome sequences: nuclear (63 Mb); plastid organellar, ptDNA (35 kb); and mitochondrial organellar, mtDNA (5.9 kb of non-repetitive sequence).

Integrated ACMG-approved genes and ICD codes for the translational research and precision medicine.

A timely understanding of the biological secrets of complex diseases will ultimately benefit millions of individuals by reducing the high risks for mortality and improving the quality of life with personalized diagnoses and treatments. Due to the advancements in sequencing technologies and reduced cost, genomics data are developing at an unmatched pace and levels to foster translational research and precision medicine. Over 10 million genomics datasets have been produced and publicly shared in 2022.

Characteristics associated with poor atrial fibrillation-related quality of life in adults with atrial fibrillation.

Purpose: Few studies have examined the relationship between poor atrial fibrillation-related quality of life (AFQoL) and a battery of geriatric factors. The objective of this study is to describe factors associated with poor AFQoL in older adults with atrial fibrillation (AF) with a focus on sociodemographic and clinical factors and a battery of geriatric factors.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort study of participants aged 65+ with high stroke risk and AF.