Seizure detection using dynamic warping for patients with intellectual disability.

Electroencephalography (EEG) is paramount for both retrospective analysis and real-time monitoring of epileptic seizures. Studies have shown that EEG-based seizure detection is very difficult for a specific epileptic population with intellectual disability due to the cerebral development disorders. In this work, a seizure detection method based on dynamic warping (DW) is proposed for patients with intellectual disability.

Epileptic seizure detection on patients with mental retardation based on EEG features: A pilot study.

Mental retardation (MR) is one of the most common secondary disabilities in people with Epilepsy. However, to our knowledge there are no reliable seizure detection methods specified for MR-patients. In this paper we performed a pilot study on a group of six patients with mental retardation to assess what EEG features potentially work well on this group.

Autonomic nervous system functioning associated with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: Analysis of heart rate variability.

Objective: Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs) resemble epileptic seizures but originate from psychogenic rather than organic causes. Patients with PNESs are often unable or unwilling to reflect on underlying emotions. To gain more insight into the internal states of patients during PNES episodes, this study explored the time course of heart rate variability (HRV) measures, which provide information about autonomic nervous system functioning and arousal.

Resting-state networks and dissociation in psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.

Objective: Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) are epilepsy-like episodes which have an emotional rather than organic origin. Although PNES have often been related to the process of dissociation, the psychopathology is still poorly understood. To elucidate underlying mechanisms, the current study applied independent component analysis (ICA) on resting-state fMRI to investigate alterations within four relevant networks, associated with executive, fronto-parietal, sensorimotor, and default mode activation, and within a visual network to examine specificity of between-group differences.

Subjectively impaired bed mobility in Parkinson disease affects sleep efficiency.

Background: Impaired bed mobility (IBM) may be an important reason for the high prevalence of sleep insomnia in Parkinson disease (PD). Here we assessed the influence of subjectively IBM on both subjective and objective sleep parameters in insomnia PD patients with (PD+IBM) and without (PD-IBM) concerns of IBM and controls with primary insomnia.

Methods: We included 44 PD patients with sleep initiation or maintenance concerns and 44 control subjects with primary insomnia.

Neurophysiological correlates of dissociative symptoms.

Objective: Dissociation is a mental process with psychological and somatoform manifestations, which is closely related to hypnotic suggestibility and essentially shows the ability to obtain distance from reality. An increased tendency to dissociate is a frequently reported characteristic of patients with functional neurological symptoms and syndromes (FNSS), which account for a substantial part of all neurological admissions. This review aims to investigate what heart rate variability (HRV), EEG and neuroimaging data (MRI) reveal about the nature of dissociation and related conditions.

Sympathetic activity and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activity during sleep in post-traumatic stress disorder: a study assessing polysomnography with simultaneous blood sampling.

Background: Nightmares and insomnia in PTSD are hallmark symptoms, yet poorly understood in comparison to the advances toward a biological framework for the disorder. According to polysomnography (PSG), only minor changes in sleep architecture were described. This warrants alternative methods for assessing sleep regulation in PTSD.

Time-frequency analysis of accelerometry data for detection of myoclonic seizures.

Four time-frequency and time-scale methods are studied for their ability of detecting myoclonic seizures from accelerometric data. Methods that are used are: the short-time Fourier transform (STFT), the Wigner distribution (WD), the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) using a Daubechies wavelet, and a newly introduced model-based matched wavelet transform (MOD). Real patient data are analyzed using these four time-frequency and time-scale methods.

An investigation of the phase locking index for measuring of interdependency of cortical source signals recorded in the EEG.

The phase locking index (PLI) was introduced to quantify in a statistical sense the phase synchronization of two signals. It has been commonly used to process biosignals. In this article, we investigate the PLI for measuring the interdependency of cortical source signals (CSSs) recorded in the Electroencephalogram (EEG).

Detection of subtle nocturnal motor activity from 3-D accelerometry recordings in epilepsy patients.

This paper presents a first step towards reliable detection of nocturnal epileptic seizures based on 3-D accelerometry (ACM) recordings. The main goal is to distinguish between data with and without subtle nocturnal motor activity, thus reducing the amount of data that needs further (more complex) analysis for seizure detection. From 15 ACM signals (measured on five positions on the body), two features are computed, the variance and the jerk.

Analysis of the phase locking index for measuring of interdependency of cortical signals recorded in the EEG.

The phase locking index (PLI) was introduced to quantify in a statistical sense the phase synchronization of two signals. It has been commonly used to process biosignals. In this paper, we analyze the PLI for measuring the interdependency of cortical source signals (CSSs) recorded in the Electroencephalogram (EEG).

Model for arm movements during myoclonic seizures.

A model is formulated for arm movements during myoclonic (epileptic) seizures. The system described in the model, consists of a mechanical and an electrophysiological part. The model output is compared to real patient accelerometry (ACM)-data from six epilepsy patients.

Separation of spatially localized cortical activities in the EEG: model-based analysis and optimization.

The mapping of brain sources into the scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) depends on volume conduction properties of the head and on an electrode montage involving a reference. In this article, the source mapping (SM) is formalized mathematically in the form of an observation function (OF) matrix. The OF-matrix is used to analyze and optimize the SM for a generation model for the desynchronized spontaneous EEG.

The potential value of three-dimensional accelerometry for detection of motor seizures in severe epilepsy.

Seizure detection results based on the visual analysis of three-dimensional (3D) accelerometry (ACM) and video/EEG recordings are reported for 18 patients with severe epilepsy. They were monitored for 36 hours during which 897 seizures were detected. This was seven times higher than the number of seizures reported by nurses during the registration period.