The Lasso-Loop Technique: A Simple Way to Attach the Semitendinosus Tendon to an Endobutton Device.

During reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament, graft preparation is an essential step. The semitendinosus tendon is most frequently used, usually with a 4-strand graft and endobutton fixation. Our lasso-loop technique for tendon fixation is rapid and without sutures, providing a graft with a regular diameter, with no weak points and satisfactory primary stability.

Protein folds as synapomorphies of the tree of life.

Several studies showed that folds (topology of protein secondary structures) distribution in proteomes may be a global proxy to build phylogeny. Then, some folds should be synapomorphies (derived characters exclusively shared among taxa). However, previous studies used methods that did not allow synapomorphy identification, which requires congruence analysis of folds as individual characters.

Percutaneous Medial Ligament Reconstruction for Valgus and Rotational Knee Instability.

The following surgical technique is intended for patients with chronic valgus laxity and rotational knee instability. It is a percutaneous 2-bundle ligament reconstruction method that uses the semitendinosus tendon, allowing it to remain pedicled to its distal tibial insertion. The aim is to correct the laxity without otherwise limiting the motion of the knee.

Percutaneous Medial Ligament Reconstruction for Valgus Knee Instability.

Injuries to stabilizing elements on the medial side of the knee are one of the most common knee ailments. Because of the good healing capacity of these structures, acute injuries are typically treated conservatively. However, valgus laxity near full extension can persist in some patients.

Combined Anterior and Anterolateral Stabilization of the Knee With the Iliotibial Band.

Interest and knowledge on the anatomy, function, and biomechanical properties of the anterolateral ligament has led to the recognition of the importance of this structure in rotational control of the knee. This article describes a technique that allows for a combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and anterolateral reconstruction, using an Iliotibial band (ITB) autograft. The graft is detached from the vastus lateralis from proximal to distal, at the center portion from ITB, preserving its distal insertion on the Gerdy tubercle.

Isometric Characteristics of the Anterolateral Ligament of the Knee: A Cadaveric Navigation Study.

Purpose: To measure the variations in length during flexion and internal tibial rotation of the 3 different femoral insertions of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) while maintaining a fixed tibia insertion.

Methods: Twelve fresh-frozen cadaver knees were analyzed using a navigation system. Maximal distance variations of the 3 different anatomic femoral insertions of the ALL were measured during knee flexion and internal tibial rotation at 20° (IR20°) and 90° (IR90°).

The Involvement of the Anterolateral Ligament in Rotational Control of the Knee.

Background: Rotational control of the knee is crucial for knee stability. The anterolateral ligament (ALL) has been identified as a potentially important structure involved in rotational control of the knee.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine, utilizing a navigation system, the involvement of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the iliotibial band (ITB), and the ALL in tibial internal rotational control of the knee.

Femoral Origin of the Anterolateral Ligament: An Anatomic Analysis.

Purpose: To determine the location and variability of the anterolateral ligament (ALL) femoral origin.

Methods: The ALL was dissected and examined in 52 embalmed specimens, and the femoral origin was isolated. The presence of a bony or soft-tissue attachment, the relation to the lateral collateral ligament, the average diameter of the proximal origin, and the specific location of the origin relative to the lateral femoral epicondyle were recorded.

Knee laxity modifications after ACL rupture and surgical intra- and extra-articular reconstructions: intra-operative measures in reconstructed and healthy knees.

Purpose: Quantifying the effects of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficiency on knee joint laxity is fundamental for understanding the outcomes of its reconstruction techniques. The general aim of this study was to determine intra-operatively the main modifications in knee laxity before and after standard isolated intra-articular and additional extra-articular anterolateral reinforcement. Our main hypothesis was that laxity abnormalities, particularly axial rotation, can still result from these ACL reconstruction techniques.

Human knee laxity in ACL-deficient and physiological contralateral joints: intra-operative measurements using a navigation system.

Background: The comprehension of human knee laxity and of the failures of relevant surgical reconstructions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can be enhanced by the knowledge of the laximetric status of the contralateral healthy knee (CHK). Rarely this is available in patients, directly from the skeletal structures, and for a number of the standard clinical tests. The general aim of this study was to measure the extent to which laxity occurs immediately before surgery in the ACL deficient knee (ADK) with respect to CHK, in a number of standard clinical evaluation tests.

Minimally invasive extra-articular anterolateral reinforcement: a new technique.

Degenerative changes that occur after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction most often are due to poor rotary control with the use of usually 1-bundle intra-articular techniques. For this reason, double-bundle procedures were developed; however, they must be evaluated. The other solution designed to improve rotational stability, which was initiated by MacIntosh in the 1980s, involves extra-articular lateral reinforcement during intra-articular ACL reconstruction.